Political Basis Research Articles

The ‘New Antisemitism’, the Left and Palestine: The ‘Anti-Imperialism of Fools’ or an Invention of Imperial Reason?

Fine and Spencer's 2017 publication, Antisemitism and the Left reprises many of the arguments that accuse the left of masquerading its anti-semitism as anti-Zionism. It has the novelty, however, of seeking to uphold this charge by laying claim to contributions on the ‘Jewish question’ by left wing social theorists, notably Marx, the Frankfurt School and Hanna Arendt. The article explores the attempt to distil from these writers a Zionist critique of anti-Zionism. The resulting interpretation of anti-semitism, self-determination, imperialism and several other key concepts helps to shed light on the theoretical and political basis of the case against left-wing anti-Zionism.

Innovation as a political process of development: are neo-Schumpeterians value neutral?

ABSTRACTTechnological innovation has been one of the fastest growing areas of economics scholarship and one where history and philosophy have played important roles. Since the reconstruction of Joseph Schumpeter’s view of innovation as a driver of capitalist development and the subsequent formation of the national innovation systems (NIS) theory in the early 1990s that can be described as neo-Schumpeterian, there has been a continuous attempt to explain innovation in social-scientific terms. However, much of this has positioned innovation as a value-neutral process. We argue that such value-neutrality requires closer analysis because the neo-Schumpeterian thinkers do appear to acknowledge that capitalism itself is an uneven, dynamic process. The relationship between the vital dynamism of such analysis of technological change and the context of its description of power relations and value deserves further attention. Under what conditions can systemic interactions between institutions and actors function as universal frameworks? Can the theory of innovation be abstracted from its social and political bases? This paper aims to redefine innovation as a predominately political process that is both historical and contextual, and thus draw out its implications for economics and development. The paper suggests some preliminary steps toward a more critical approach to innovation scholarship.

Bronisław Łagowski o prawidłach polityki

This paper presents the rules and principles which govern politics as depicted by Bronisław Łagowski, one of the most prominent Polish political philosophers. He constantly declares his position as a political realist and he interprets Polish political events from this point of view. The foundation of such an interpretation of politics is an anthropological assumption of human imperfection which is a crucial component of political realism as well as a great source of support for his opinions in history and in cultural achievements. The following principles were included among the presented rules of politics: the principle of protection of citizens by public authority, a restriction of will of the governing authorities by law, the so-called rule of expiration, an inability to justify some events after many years, the problem of social subjectivity, an inability to forgive on behalf of the whole nation, the problem of international claims as well as territorial changes after the Second World War. All of these elements were assumed as the basis of Polish politics.

Look to Scandinavia.

Should the rest of the world look to Scandinavian neonatal intensive care? In this special supplement, Scandinavian and international clinicians and bioethicists present, compare, and discuss the legislation, national guidelines, consensus documents, and practices in the field of neonatal care in Scandinavia. The central questions that bind these contributions together are whether there is a unified Scandinavian medicoethical approach or if, why, and how health care systems that seem to represent the same still differ in ethically significant ways. This supplement thus offers the reader an insight into the Scandinavian approach(es) and the lessons that can be learned. The Scandinavian countries, Norway, Sweden, and Denmark, have many similarities. Solidarity, equality, and freedom form the ideological basis for Scandinavian politics. The common social democratic political tradition in all 3 societies emphasize that citizens not only should be given obligations and rights but also should be enabled economically and socially by the state to fulfill their obligations and exercise their rights. In this way, solidarity … Address correspondence to Lars Ursin, PhD, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Oya helsehus, Mauritz Hansens gate 11, Trondheim, Norway. E-mail: lars.ursin{at}ntnu.no

Intellectuals and Warriors: The Ideological and Political Basis of Francoist University Sport, 1933–1946

Examining the use of sport by totalitarian regimes during the interbellum period reveals that politicians saw the potential of sport not only for patriotic expression and international exhibition but also as a means to exert control over youth. Francoism participated in such uses of sport, imitating German and Italian organizations’ development of a youth sport structure. The Franco regime emphasized sport in universities to the extent that it made physical education a required subject to obtain a degree. This study’s primary objective is to reconstruct the doctrinal genesis of Francoist university sport, tracing it to the years before the Spanish Civil War, specifically noting the international influences that sustained it and the draft regulations that gave it legal standing despite resistance from both university youth and from sport. To this end, documentary sources are analyzed, including archival material, printed sources (legal decrees written during the period examined in this study and historical accounts of the subject), publications of Falange and related organizations, and speeches and proclamations from Falange and the Sindicato Español Universitario (SEU).

La defensa de la Constitución frente al secesionismo. Crónica política y legislativa del año 2017

In this paper, three distinctive elements of secessionism are analyzed: its political basis, centered on sovereignty; the construction of a new legality; and the reasons that have caused the failure of the independence movement. In the second part of the paper, I analyze the measures adopted to defend the Constitution. They have been of broad spectrum covering the performance of the Constitutional Court, the attempt to abort the referendum, the criminal prosecution of those responsible, the speech of the King and the activation of Article 155.

V. Jabotinsky’s Concept of the Jewish Nation-Building in the Context of Ukrainian Revival in the Late 19th - Early 20th Centuries

The aim of the paper is to analyze the concept of Jewish nation-building by V. Jabotinsky, who is considered to be a leader of the Zionist movement in Ukraine, in terms of correlation of ideas and interactions between Jewish and Ukrainian national modern movements.Research methodology. The author uses a comprehensive culturological approach to examine nationalism and national movements as a general methodological basis of this study. The study also draws on the methodological principles of M. Feller’s Ukrainika Judaika (Ukrainian-Jewish studies) as an ethno-cultural science of Ukrainian Jewry in its deep relationship with the Ukrainians. Methods of comparative analysis, synthesis and historicism are also used.Results. Using V. Jabotinsky’s (a Zionism leader in Ukraine) intellectual heritage as an example, the author analyzes three groups of issues directly connected with the objectives of the Ukrainian national movement at that time, namely: the issue of the existential importance of national identity and factors of its development; the issue of national fringe elements, deprived of their origins; a program of interethnic understanding, coexistence on a real political basis. The analysis of texts shows the examples of the typological similarity of a large part of the statements of Jewish nationalists and Ukrainian nation-centered leaders. This fact allows us to conclude that there is an interpenetration and mutual influence in the process of the development of the Zionist and Ukrainian national movements. The common features of the historical destinies of two stateless nations represent the similarity of their national existence, the mechanisms of self-preservation and the nation-building as well as the development of the project of the nation future.Novelty. Ukrainian-Jewish studies as an understanding of the productive ways and an insight into the fundamental levels of coexistence of the Ukrainians and the Jewish people do not belong to the traditional themes of Ukrainian culturological thought that results in the scientific novelty of this study.The practical significance. The results of this study can be used to teach normative courses, special courses, electives on the history of culture, the history of Ukrainian philosophy, philosophy of the national idea, Judaism, as well as in the further study of modern national movements in Ukraine in terms of cultural dialogue and mutual enrichment.

THE FORMATION OF A MULTI-PARTY SYSTEM IN BELARUS (LATE 20th AND EARLY 21st CENTURIES)

The article addresses one of the most important aspects of party formation, i.e. the establishment of a multiparty system in Belarus in the period of political transformations. The article shows the political and theoretical basis for the formation of the modern multiparty system in Belarus in the period of political transformations. An attempt is made to identify periods of political development of the Belarusian multi-party system. The article focuses on the establishment of a multiparty system and its chronological development and analysis of both general and specific features of the modern Belarusian multi-party system. Attention is given to the participation of political parties as a socio-political institution. After the monopoly of the Communist Party was overcome, society demonstrated rapid processes to form political pluralism, i. e. to form political parties and movements. Initially, these processes were largely initiated by society itself.

Феномен идентичности: специфика и аспекты понимания

In the article the authors comprehend the phenomenon of identity, examining the processes of formation of a modern Kazakhstani nation and a new national identity on a civil and political basis, actualizing the unique ethnic composition of the Kazakhstani society.

The Clinton Administration's Development and Implementation of Rendition (1993–2001)

ABSTRACTA firestorm of protest greeted revelations of the rendition program when it was made public during the George W. Bush administration. The operational and political basis for the rendition initiative, however, had been established years before George W. Bush became president and was viewed as 'a new art form' by the Clinton administration. Despite significant efforts to distinguish between the two administrations, the evolution of the rendition initiative during the 1990s reveals far greater continuity than has been widely acknowledged. This paper examines the manner in which the Clinton administration utilized rendition in its own war on terror, years before George W. Bush came to power, with little public scrutiny or outrage.

The paradox of the Iraqi Kurdish referendum on independence: contradictions and hopes for economic prosperity

The Kurdistan Region of Iraq (K.R.I.) experienced economic prosperity following the years of the U.S. occupation in 2003. In 2005, the region attained its semiautonomous status, and up until 2014 benefited from its constitutionally mandated share of the central budget and increased foreign investment, which came primarily from neighbouring countries. The 2014 economic downturn of the region started with the halt of transfers from the central budget, deepened with the drop of oil prices and ISIS’s occupation of Mosul, and continued with the September 2017 independence referendum. Due to the Kurdistan Regional Government’s (K.R.G.’s) reliance on Turkey’s oil pipeline for autonomous revenue, as well as on foreign companies to extract its oil and gas reserves, the region’s economic livelihood strongly depends on healthy diplomatic relations with neighbouring countries. These states, however, are directly opposed to the K.R.G.’s movement towards secession. After the independence vote, regional powers, along with Baghdad, adopted an aggressive rhetoric and implemented punitive measures towards the K.R.I., placing the economic interests of the K.R.I. at odds with its nationalistic aspirations. As the ramifications of the referendum continue to unfold, the Kurdish push for independence on a political basis subsequently threatens the K.R.I.’s economic prospects as well as the privileges that its citizens enjoyed with their semiautonomous region during the post-U.S. occupation period. Focusing on this period, this paradox is examined. The tension between independence and the economy is discussed, and avenues for synthesizing the multiple goals of the K.R.G. and its people are explored.

Trabalho e formação política dos professores da educação básica

O artigo tem como objetivo propor a reflexo sobre alguns elementos terico-prticos que caracterizam a formao poltica dos professores da rede pblica estadual do municpio de Chapec (SC). O texto tem por referncia pesquisa (dissertao) cujo elemento motivador foi o desafio da tripla militncia: escola, sindicato e academia. Metodologicamente, utiliza-se o estudo de caso exploratrio, visando problematizar os elementos terico-metodolgicos e terico-empricos que propiciam repensar a formao poltica dos professores enquanto intelectuais orgnicos. O texto norteado por categorias do materialismo histrico-dialtico e pelos conceitos de pedagogia crtica, intelectual orgnico, formao poltica, militncia e resistncia ativa. As concluses provisrias e propositivas apontam para os desafios de uma formao poltica permanente dos professores de natureza crtico-superadora, centrada na conscincia de classe e nas lutas coletivas e que tenha como cerne ontolgico, epistemolgico e poltico-pedaggico a unidade inseparvel entre teoria e prtica.

Ki Hadjar Dewantara’s School of Arts Education: A Study of Philosophy on Arts Education Based on Habermas’ Critical Method

Ki Hadjar Dewantara’s school of arts education: A study of philosophy on arts education based on Habermas’ critical method. There are six steps of critical methods: the empirical analysis of historical philosophy, language analysis, hermeneutics analysis, analysis of ideology criticism, functional analysis, and construction of historical materialism. The research results and discussion show that in this study: (1) Dewantara's art education is defined as an education that is oriented on a system that liberates and instills moral values through arts. (2) The results of the critical analysis: the philosophy of empirical history, language, ideological criticism, functionalism, and historical materialism, in the field of arts education, contain the meaning of selecting the philosophy of applied arts education based on the consciousness of its own cultural basis. (3) In response to the development of human resources, arts education is capable of directing the nation to be superior in the world of science, technology, and arts, based on the fundamental capital of human creativity and cultural manifestations as a source of knowledge. The scientific contributions of this research are as the following. Firstly, in the form of explanatory and ideological analysis and national education and arts education systems through political-socio-cultural explanations. Secondly, the explanation of the ideology of arts education is based on historical, social, political, and cultural bases as a critical study of national and art education practices. Thirdly, the findings of this study are the implications of arts education based on the concept of Dewantara's arts education.

Video Games and Agency in Contemporary Society

In recent years, the idea of player control, or agency, has become central and explicit in certain video games and genres, affecting many debates concerning the study or definitions of video games. In spite of this, the notion of agency in video games has been rarely explicitly explored or defined in relation to its sociological and political dimensions. Hence, drawing on actor–network theory, (neo-)Foucauldian governmentality studies, and empirical data gathered over a 3-year period, this article expands to our understanding of video game player agency and, moreover, argues that video games provide an important example and perspective to consider the contemporary nature and political basis of agency.

Youth, parental absenteeism and political bases in Mazowe district

ABSTRACTThe study sought to establish the effects of parents and guardians' absenteeism from homes on the dependents especially the youth in the rural villages of Chiweshe in Mazowe district committing time to political bases' activities. Data for the exploratory study was collected from narratives gathered from interviews and observations that were held with 40 youth purposefully sampled from the participants based on age and exposure to circumstances of living with parents/guardians who often manned political bases. The findings did to some extent confirm that elders' absenteeism from the children has various negative effects on the children. However, there were also isolated positives that were recorded.

Political and business leaderships in managing public service organisation

This study analyses the relationship between the state’s political ideologies and the implementation of cost management strategies during the re-privatisation of a public sector organisation. Drawing on the Dillard et al.’s (2004) conceptual framework, we conducted a case study in a public sector organisation operating in the electricity market of Egypt. Data was gathered through document analysis, interviews, meetings observations and continuous interactions with key informants from 2013 to 2014. The findings show that the implementation of cost management strategies had a political basis, grounded in the state’s reformative ideologies concerning re-privatisation of the public sector organisation. The re-privatisation failed because the state failed to convince a potential international investor. A theoretical contribution is to show the relevance of cost management strategies when used as a political tool to achieve a business goal, such as improving a public sector organisation’s performance management in a developing country. This is the first empirical case study to analyse management accounting change based on the state’s political ideologies in the Maghreb region of Africa. The key difference between this global trend elsewhere and in the Egyptian State, as in some other Islamic countries, is that Egypt was both nationalistic and militarised.

A New Taxonomy for International Relations: Rethinking the International System as a Complex Adaptive System

Abstract: The international system is a complex adaptive system with emergent properties and dynamics of self-organization and information processing. As such, it is better understood with a multidisciplinary approach that borrows methodologies from the field of complexity science and integrates them to the theoretical perspectives offered by the field of international relations (IR). This study is set to formalize a complex systems theory approach to the study of international affairs and introduce a new taxonomy for IR with the two-pronged aim of improving interoperability between different epistemological communities and outlining a formal grammar that set the basis for modeling international politics as a complex adaptive system.

Arendt and the Pilgrims

Although Arendt rejects all manifestations of what she calls “the absolute,” the way that theology trumps politics, she yet overlooks the theological basis of one of her most cherished models of political origins, the story of the Mayflower Compact. Arendt sees the Mayflower Compact as affording a basis for a community that is joined only through mutual promising, allowing a maximal amount of individualism and struggle within a collectively determined entity. Yet she downplays the role that theology serves in supporting this compact. In overlooking the connection between the Pilgrim’s ideology and Rousseau’s concept of the general will which has its own Calvinist origins, Arendt evinces a tendency to forgive a basis for politics in America which she vehemently rejects in the European context. Insofar as liberalism is itself redolent of this Calvinist form of pseudo-individualism, Arendt demonstrates an alternative model even as it remains tangled with its theological origins.

CONCEPT OF INDIVIDUAL’S PSYCHOLOGICAL STABILITY IN SOCIOPSYCHOLOGY

One of the peculiarities of the 21st century is the use of pressures caused by the adverse effects of human psychology, which has both social and everyday political and military bases, and is conditioned by the presence of a large number of stressful and natural disasters. Regardless of the type and source of origin, each of these events may be a cause for emergencies and stress.

El Sueño Chino de Rejuvenecimiento Nacional

Este trabajo examina las bases políticas de formulación de la diplomacia china, analizando la noción de Sueño Chino de Rejuvenecimiento Nacional y sus implicancias para la definición de prioridades de política exterior por parte de la República Popular China (RPCh). Se sostiene que el Sueño Chino de Rejuvenecimiento Nacional estuvo construido en permanente interpelación a la imagen del Sueño Americano, estableciendo a partir de allí las particularidades que la cultura china tradicional ofrece de específico a esta imagen. Esto supone que el principal sujeto de interlocución del Sueño Chino es precisamente la potencia norteamericana. Esta prioridad insume buena parte de los esfuerzos diplomáticos de la RPCh, y condiciona el carácter de dichos esfuerzos.