Atomic Emission Analysis Research Articles

Lead-based paint detection using perovskite fluorescence and X-ray fluorescence

BackgroundIngestion of flakes of Pb-based paint by infants remains a global health hazard with life-long consequences. Pb-based paint was banned for residential use in the US and Western Europe decades ago but is still sold in many countries. This study evaluates the performance of a new kit for detecting exposed Pb-based paint relying on the formation of Pb-halide perovskite that fluoresces bright green under a UV flashlight after spraying a non-toxic reagent. ResultsTests with the Lumetallix kit were conducted in parallel with X-fluorescence and inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission analysis upon acid digestion using paint currently sold in Côte d'Ivoire and samples of older US paint. Comparison of the three different methods indicates a detection limit for the Lumetallix kit of approximately 500 mg kg−1 (ppm) Pb in paint, with a sensitivity of 95 % and selectivity of 94 % relative to that threshold (n = 76). This detection limit is an order of magnitude below the US definition of Pb-based paint of 0.5 % (5,000 ppm) Pb by weight. SignificanceBecause the kit is easy to use, exposed paint posing a risk could reliably be screened at scale by the general public. Any follow-up for confirmation and mitigation based on XRF measurements will need to consider that Pb-based paint covered with low-Pb paint will not respond to the kit but will be detected by XRF through the overpainted layer.

СУБПІКСЕЛЬНЕ СКАНУВАННЯ ДЛЯ АНАЛІЗУ ЗОБРАЖЕНЬ СПЕКТРА

Subject and Purpose. In this paper, an algorithm is developed to improve the spectrum image resolution in the atomic emission spectrum registration using multi-element detectors and taking multiple exposures with image shifting by a fractional part of a pixel. Methods and Methodology. Mathematical modeling techniques are employed in the coordinate representation dictated by the prior information. The modeling results are checked by experiment. Results. The importance of the resolution value of spectral image registration systems and its impact on the quality of the obtained results have been highlighted. The spectral informativeness of the regularly (matrix- or linearly) structured multi-element detectors has been evaluated against the irregular-structure sensors, such as photographic emulsions. As it has been found that the process of pixel size reduction is demanding, an alternative approach through subpixel image shifting has been proposed. Unlike the case of the corresponding instruments implemented as a rule in the frequency domain, here the relevant theoretical problem reduces to the over- determined system of linear equations. The proposed solution algorithm employs the least squares method having regard to the prior data specificity posed by the isolation of the spectral lines and a smooth flow of the background between them. The digital simulation results and the real experimental evidence from the atomic emission spectral analysis have been presented, illustrating the algorithm operation. The experimental research was carried out for one-dimensional spectrum images registered with linear charge-coupling photodetectors. The so gained resolution was twice the spatial resolution of the photodetector. Conclusions. It has been demonstrated that controlled image shifting not only improves the photometry accuracy but also significantly enhances the detector resolution. The general comparisons of the theory with the experiment have proved the feasibility of bringing the proposed methodology into atomic emission analysis.

Исследование реагентного режима флотации одного из золоторудных месторождений Восточного Забайкалья

The relevance of the problem is that the final product of flotation of the Eastern Transbaikalia deposit to be sold, has a low content. The object of the research is as follows: technological sample of the original ore of the gold deposit in Eastern Transbaikalia. The purpose of the research includes the search for the optimal reagent regime during the flotation process to improve technological performance. The research objectives are to study the chemical and mineral composition and to investigate the possibility of using reagents based on alcohols and C4-C8 esters “KETGOL”, “KETGOL improved”, “KON-92”. The research methodology is based on studying the properties of the components and their influence on the flotation process. The material composition of the ores has been studied by methods of atomic emission spectral quantitative analysis, X-ray fluorescence, phase atomic absorption analyzes and atomic emission analysis with inductively coupled plasma ICP-AES. The mass fraction of total and organic carbon is determined by the infrared absorption method. The gold content in the original ore is based on assay data. When conducting flotation experiments, the equipment of JSC Irgiredmet has been used. As a result of the research, the material composition is studied and laboratory studies of flotation enrichment of the ore sample are carried out. Conclusions on the material composition are as follows: the studied ore sample belongs to the primary gold-quartz, moderate sulfide mineral type of ore. The gold content is 3.12 g/t, silver – 6.9 g/t. The gold in the ore is mostly small and thin, its fineness is 708. The results of flotation enrichment have showed that the use of the KETGOL reagent as an additional collector to potassium butyl xanthate (BX) in a 2:1 ratio with a total consumption of 90 g/t is an effective means of increasing gold recovery to ~87–89 %, with In this case, the quality of the main flotation concentrate remains at the level of ~15.5–16.5 g/t.

Tables of spectral lines and atlases of spectra for atomic emission, atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence analysis. Bibliographic index

An illustrated bibliographic index of books with tables of spectral lines and atlases of spectra used in practical atomic emission, atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence analyzes has been compiled. The time range covers the period from the emergence of these analytical methods to the present. The index presents the most significant publications for practical work, published in various countries. For each book and atlas, a full bibliographic description and a brief summary of the publication are provided. Most books and atlases in the index are accompanied by illustrations of covers or title pages, as well as email addresses or identifiers that make it easy and quick to find the publication on the Internet. The index is intended for the practical activities of analysts specializing in the field of atomic spectral analysis.

Analysis of the Heat Exchanger Energy Efficiency of Variable Cross Section with an Inhomogeneous Coolant

Abstract One of the main priorities in the modern thermal power engineering development is the problem of energy saving due to the economical use of fuel and energy reserves. Increasing energy consumption with a simultaneous increase in energy prices and widespread environmental degradation necessitates the development and implementation of energy efficient technologies to save fuel, materials and labour costs. The object of study is tubular heat exchangers of variable cross section, which are widely used in steam generators of nuclear power plants, gas turbines and transport plants. Scale deposit properties and the composition of the heat coolant were studied, and their influence on the energy efficiency of heat exchangers was analysed. To study the scale deposits and coolant influence on the energy efficiency of heat exchangers, their properties were examined using an atomic emission analysis with the help of a TESCAN electron microscope. The principles of implementing technologies aimed at intensifying heat transfer, reducing hydraulic and heat losses in heat exchangers were formulated.

Analysis of cerium-substituted yttrium iron garnets by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with preliminary microwave decomposition

An analytical procedure for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission (ICP-AES) analysis of iron garnets of the composition Y3 – xCexFe5 – yGayO12, where x = 0.4 – 0.5 and y = 2.4 – 2.6 with preliminary microwave decomposition of the sample is described. The compositions of acid mixtures (HCl/HNO3), as well as modes of microwave heating (holding time and temperature), providing complete dissolution of the samples are proposed. In addition to optimized sample preparation, conditions for ICP-AES analysis of cerium-doped yttrium iron garnets were studied. The effect of matrix components (Y, Ce, Fe, Ga) on the determination of doping elements was revealed and studied. The operating parameters of the spectrometer (ICP power and nebulizer flow rate) have been substantiated, which make it possible to reduce the matrix effect of Fe, Ga, Y, Ce on the elements Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Sc, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Cd, Sn, Te, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Pb in iron yttrium garnets by the ICP-AES. ICP-AES measurements were performed in the axial and radial mode for trace elements and in the radial mode for matrix elements. The limits of quantification (LOQs) of most elements ranged within n × 10–5 – n × 10–4 wt.%. The accuracy is confirmed by the spike recovery test. The relative standard deviation is in the range of 1 – 5% depending on the selected plasma view mode and the analyzed analytes. The developed method makes it possible to determine macro- and microcomponents in yttrium iron garnets in a wide range of concentrations with a high accuracy.

Assessment of Soils of Mining Regions for the Content of Heavy Metals (On the Example of Akmola Region and the Northern Part of Karaganda Region)

The work is devoted to the assessment of soil pollution by heavy metals of the first hazard class in the territory of Akmola region and northern parts of the Karaganda region. In order to study the distribution of toxic elements in soils, we studied 20 soil samples taken in the Akmola and northern parts of the Karaganda region. We used atomic emission analysis, water extraction and analysis for the content of petroleum products. Atomic emission analysis made it possible to establish the presence of 29 elements in the soil of the object, two elements were revealed, lead and zinc, the content of which is close to or exceeds the MPC. The level of soil pollution was also determined by hazard and pollution indicators in the soils of the cities of Nur-Sultan and Karaganda by the content of five heavy metals: beryllium, lead, zinc, arsenic, cadmium. According to the ecological and geochemical survey of the Akmola and northern parts of the Karaganda region, it was found that the soils of these regions can be classified as relatively hazardous in terms of danger. Recommendations are given on reducing and preventing soil pollution with heavy metals

Atomic Emission Analysis in the AC Arc of Heavy Metals in Deposits of Petrochemical Industries

Environmental pollution with heavy metals is one of the most pressing problems, due to a wide range of negative effects of heavy metals, including a detrimental effect on vegetation, soil, as well as degradation of the ecosystem as a whole. Sources of heavy metals pollution are mining and ferrous metallurgy enterprises, petrochemical plants, machine-building plants. Determination of the content and concentration of heavy metals in the current environmental situation is more than relevant for assessing the quality of the environment. Currently, there are two main groups of analytical methods for the determination of heavy metals: electrochemical and spectrometric methods. Atomic emission analysis in an alternating current arc is a powerful method of qualitative analysis of heavy metals in deposits of petrochemical industries, thanks to the ability to simultaneously determine directly in powder up to 70 macro- and microelements with detection limits up to millionths. As part of this work, patent studies were conducted to determine the technical level and identify scientific and technical developments.

Ore composition and native gold characteristics of an ore occurrence in Eastern Transbaikalia

The article deals with the characteristics of the ores of an ore occurrence of the Munginsky cluster located on the western flank of one of the commercial fields of Eastern Transbaikalia. The ores of this promising ore occurrence are underexplored, especially in the technological aspect, which served the basis for studying their composition and characterizing native gold as their main commercial component. The composition of ores and altered rocks was studied by the following methods: atomic emission spectral quantitative analysis, X-ray fluorescence, as well as phase atomic absorption and atomic emission analysis with inductively coupled plasma ICP-AES. The mass fraction of total and organic carbon was determined in the Central Fire Assay Laboratory of JSC Pokrovsky Rudnik, Blagoveshchensk. The proportion of carbonate carbon dioxide was determined by the method of titrimetric determination of carbon dioxide. The content of gold was given according to the data of assay melting, the content of silver – according to the data of atomic absorption analysis. Petrographic and mineragraphic studies were carried out using an optical microscope Olympus BX-51. The mineral composition of the ore sample was also estimated based on the results of X-ray diffraction analysis. The quantitative mineral composition was studied on the crushed material of the original ore with a particle size of -2 mm using the microscopic study data of transparent and polished thin sections on a microscope Nikon Eclipse LV 100 POL. The content of iron hydroxides was determined from the weight difference after the sample was treated with a 10 % oxalic acid solution in a water bath. Comparison of the results obtained on the ore occurrence with the materials on the ore composition of the closest deposit located in 30 km demonstrates that on the one hand they are similar and uniform, and on the other hand they feature some differences. Their common parameters include a rather high degree of sulfide content of ores and similar chemical and mineral composition with the predominance of arsenopyrite, an increased role of bismuth as well as the predominance of fine gold and its similar morphological characteristics. This fact allows to consider the ore occurrence under investigation as an integral part of a single ore system of the closest deposit.

Enhanced Sorption of Europium and Scandium Ions from Nitrate Solutions by Remotely Activated Ion Exchangers.

The escalating demand for rare earth metals (REM) in situations of limited availability has spurred scientists to seek alternative sources of REM, such as industrial waste solutions. This paper investigates the potential for improving the sorption activity of readily available and inexpensive ion exchangers, specifically the interpolymer systems "Lewatit CNP LF and AV-17-8", towards europium and scandium ions, in comparison to the unactivated ion exchangers. The sorption properties of the improved sorbents (interpolymer systems) were evaluated using conductometry, gravimetry, and atomic emission analysis. The results demonstrate that the "Lewatit CNP LF:AV-17-8" (5:1) interpolymer system exhibits a 25% increase in europium ion sorption compared to the raw Lewatit CNP LF (6:0), and a 57% increase in europium ion sorption compared to the raw AV-17-8 (0:6) ion exchanger after 48 h of the sorption process. In contrast, the "Lewatit CNP LF:AV-17-8" (2:4) interpolymer system exhibits a 310% increase in scandium ion sorption compared to the raw Lewatit CNP LF (6:0), and a 240% increase in scandium ion sorption compared to the raw AV-17-8 (0:6) after 48 h of interaction. The improvement in europium and scandium ion sorption levels by the interpolymer systems, compared to the raw ion exchangers, may be attributed to the high ionization degree resulting from the remote interaction effect of the polymer sorbents as the interpolymer system in aqueous media.

Application of the method of atomic emission spectroscopy with microwave (magnetic) plasma in the processes of identifying the chemical composition of steelmaking waste

As part of the work done, an assessment was made of the possibility of using the method of atomic emission spectral analysis with microwave (magnetic) plasma in the processes of identifying the chemical composition of waste from the metallurgical industry. The features of the design of the domestic device for atomic emission analysis are described, the main advantages are noted, which include the ability to work with concentrated samples with a complex salt background, as well as the possibility of using gases (argon/nitrogen) of technical purity. The main analytical lines for a number of metals have been selected, an internal standard based on water-soluble yttrium compounds has been selected, which makes it possible to level fluctuations in the salt background of the analyzed samples. The adequacy of the data obtained for acidic metal-containing solutions with a minimum (10 times) dilution was assessed. It has been established that a decrease in the dilution factor can significantly reduce the probability of error and improve the quality and speed of analytical control of various materials (including mineral raw materials). As part of the tests, the composition of metalchips selected at various production sites of a machine-building enterprise in the Moscow Region, as well as the composition of the metallurgical scale of the forging and heat treatment of metal, were determined and identified. It has been proven that the initial concentration of salts in the analyzed samples does not significantly affect the reliability of the results obtained, and the error of the analysis results does not exceed 2–3%. The data obtained on the possibility of using atomic emission spectrometers with microwave (magnetic) plasma of domestic production will make it possible to take a step towards import substitution, which in a difficult geopolitical situation will make it possible to take a step towards the implementation of the concept of import substitution. The authors express their gratitude to N. E. Kruchinina, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, professor, head of the chair for Industrial Ecology, MUCTR, and V. A. Kuchumov, Candidate of Chemical Sciences, head of the laboratory of JSC Spetsmagnit, for help in the development of individual components of the device (plasmatron design) and assistance in research.

Analysis of As(III) By Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Using Disc and Screen Printed Electrodes

Determination of arsenic is possible by various methods such as spectrophotometry, atomic absorption (as arsine), atomic emission, and neutron activation analysis are common. High levels of interference and the high costs of these methods are major drawbacks. Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) has proved to be a sensitive, precise, and cost-effective electroanalytical technique for determining trace metals. It is routinely used for detecting Pb (II) and Cd (II). The general procedure of this technique involves depositing metal(s) at a reductive potential into Hg electrodes for a certain time and stripping them back into the solution by scanning the potential in the oxidative direction. In this work, the analysis of As (III) by ASV has been investigated using solid and Screen Printed Gold electrodes. Improved detection limits up to 10 ppb could be achieved with relative ease. A highly optimized procedure has been presented for the BASi Epsilon users that automatically provides electrochemical pretreatment in automated fashion along with the built-in differential pulse stripping voltammetry in the next step.

Palladium nanoparticles stabilized on the amino acids-functionalized Fe3O4 as the magnetically recoverable nanocatalysts for Heck and Suzuki reactions

Regarding the green chemistry goals, well-organized processes for catalyst separation and reuse have drawn much attention in the past few decades. The strategy of magnetic separation offers a convenient approach for recycling catalysts by applying an appropriate magnetic field. In this paper, a palladium nanoparticle-based catalyst that is stabilized on the glutathione and aspartic acid-functionalized superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles has been prepared by an eco-friendly, economical and effective procedure. The catalytic performance of these novels, highly active and recoverable catalysts was investigated under low loading of the supported palladium nanoparticles for Heck and Suzuki reactions. Under optimal reaction conditions, the nanocomposites afford the corresponding products in excellent yield. The catalysts could be easily separated from the reaction system and efficiently recycled for four consecutive runs without a remarkable loss of their activity. The structural and magnetic properties of the catalysts were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibration sample magnetometer (VSM), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission analysis (ICP-AES) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

Ionometric determination of chlorine and fluorine in oil and gas-bearing wastewater

Production and processing of oil and gas are associated with the formation of a huge bulk of wastewater of complex composition disposed in different ways after thorough treatment. Environmental control of the composition and degree of purification of oil and gas-bearing wastewater requires using effective methods for determining various pollutants, including chloride and fluoride. The object of the study was a sample of wastewater from the largest gas field «Mustakillikning 25 yilligi» in the Surkhandarya region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It is shown that the sample is salty (dry residue is 34.1 – 31.7 g/dm3) and has a neutral reaction. The method of atomic emission analysis of water revealed high concentrations of potassium, sodium and sulfur, a significant amount of calcium and magnesium, and a significantly small number of other elements contained in water. Study of various methods of sample preparation for ionometric measurements of chloride ion showed that a significant proportion of chlorine is bound with organic components of water. It is shown that boiling (~100°C) or fusing at 800 – 850°C with NaOH eliminates the interfering effect of accompanying components (sulfur, iodine and organic matter) on the chloride determination. The results obtained provide quantitative determination of the total content of chlorine in water both in the form of a free chloride ion and in a bound state, probably in the composition of organochlorine compounds. The presence of fluorine in the organic part of the sample has not been revealed. The possibility of using a single sample preparation (boiling or fusing) for the determination of both chloride and fluoride ions has been shown. The interfering effect of the accompanying elements upon fluorine determination was masked by a buffer solution which regulated the total ionic strength. The developed procedures are easy to use, selective, and cost-effective. The correctness and accuracy of the developed techniques were evaluated and proved using a method of varying sample volume.

INTERDISCIPLINARY SHARED RESEARCH FACILITIES "GEOANALYST" UB RAS: OPERATING EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS

The article presents general information about the interdisciplinary Shared Research Facilities "Geoanalyst" of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the main directions of its work, analytical equipment and types of work that allow obtaining quantitative information on the chemical (elemental and isotopic) and phase composition, parameters of the crystal and electronic structure, type and concentration of the lattice defects, optical properties of samples including minerals, rocks, bottom sediments, ores, products of their enrichment and processing, natural and drinking water, as well as synthetic compounds, techno- and biogenic objects. Consideration is being given to the techniques involved in the Shared Research Facilities such as electron probe microanalysis and electron microscopy; X-ray fluorescence, atomic emission and atomic absorption analysis; X-ray structural and thermal analysis; microelement mass spectrometric analysis; isotope mass spectrometric analysis and geochronology; physics and spectroscopy of minerals. Emphasis has been placed on the fundamental and applied sciences based on the Shared Research Facilities, its scientific and educational activities and the experience of working with users. Details have been provided for the formulation, testing and use of microanalytical methods for in situ study of the composition, structure and properties of minerals-concentrators of transition, rare-earth and radioactive d- and f-elements (zircon, titanite, etc.) with a spatial resolution from units to tens of micrometers. There have been analyzed the application and development of research methods; their metrological parameters; the procedure for selection and certification of internal laboratory reference samples; the possibilities for solving problems of fundamental and applied physics and chemistry of mineral matter, as well as geochronological problems.

Thermal behavior and antibacterial studies of a carbonate Mg–Al-based layered double hydroxide (LDH) for in vivo uses

The goal of this work is to study the thermal behavior and the antibacterial properties of a MgAl-CO3 layered double hydroxide (LDH), which demonstrated high efficiency in removing chromium (VI) from contaminated industrial wastewater. The compound has been synthesized via co-precipitation route (direct method) followed by hydrothermal treatment, obtaining nanoscopic crystallites with a partially disordered (turbostratic) structure. After its synthesis, the compound was characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. On the other hand, with the view to check the drug delivery and surgical tools usage of MgAl-CO3, antibacterial tests, performed according to the Kirby–Bauer method, revealed the inability the growth of the pathogenic bacterial strains. Thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis revealed that evolution of water from the material occurs in two stages upon heating and a noticeable interaction takes place between water (in the vapor phase) and MgAl-CO3. Kinetic analysis of both steps provides almost constant values of activation energy, with the following average values in the range 0.1 < a < 0.9: E1 = (66 ± 9) kJ mol‒1; E2 = (106 ± 7) kJ mol‒1. Finally, prediction of reasonable reaction times extrapolated at 25 and 37 °C has been made from kinetic parameters of the first step, while almost unrealistic reaction time values were determined using the same procedure with kinetic parameters related to the second step.

CENTRE OF ISOTOPIC AND GEOCHEMICAL RESEARCH (IGC SB RAS): CURRENT STATE OF MICRO- AND MACROANALYSIS

Centre of Isotopic and Geochemical Research based on the Analytical Department of Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS (Irkutsk) performs a wide range of analytical studies to solve mineralogical and petrological, geochemical, prospecting, ecological, paleoclimatic and applied problems. The studies are supported by the modern equipment for electron microprobe, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, atomic emission and mass spectrometric (including isotope) analyses, as well as the necessary international certified reference materials (SRM) and a collection of SRM of the natural and technogenic composition of our production.

Analysis of aluminum alloys on a Polyvac E980 (Hilger Analytical) atomic emission spectrometer modified with a multi-channel analyzer of emission spectra (MAES)

A Polyvac E980 (Hilger Analytical) photoelectric vacuum optical emission spectrometer has been modified with a multichannel analyzer of emission spectra (MAES). The line of argon supply to the spark stand has been completely renewed. A precision mass flow controller with a microprocessor control unit has been installed to adjust the argon supply for different operation modes and fix the current values with the possibility of saving data for each spectrum. The microprocessor control unit coordinates the operation of the control lines and interrupts the operation of the spark generator when the stand is open or argon is absent. The modified vacuum spark spectrometer, originally designed for the analysis of iron-based alloys, has become suitable for determining the composition of non-ferrous alloys. Analytical programs have been developed for the rapid spectral analysis of AK12M2 and AK9ch aluminum alloys. The main methodological difficulty of the analysis is attributed to the necessity of monitoring high concentrations of silicon, copper, and iron along with the content of calcium impurity in the same sample. Calcium has a negative effect on the quality of castings, thus making the possibility of Ca determination an important motivation for the modification. After the preparatory work and the construction of calibration curves, the short-term and long-term repeatability of the results of spectral analysis of standard samples of aluminum alloys has been studied on the modified spectrometer. The results completely meet the standard requirements for determining the composition of aluminum alloys.

Multielement atomic emission analysis of rocks, soils, and ash of plants using argon arc two-jet plasmotron and multichannel analyzer of emission spectra (MAES)

A method of quantitative simultaneous determination of 23 trace elements (Ba, Be, Cu, Co, Cr, Ga, La, Mo, B, Ni, Pb, Sc, Sn, Sr, V, Y, Yb, Zn, Zr, Fe, Mn, P, Ti) and 6 macronutrients (Mg, Al, Si, Na, K, Ca) in soils, rocks and ash of plant material using atomic emission spectrometry is described. A two-jet argon arc plasmatron is used as the source of spectra excitation. The samples to be analyzed are introduced into the plasma flow jet by injection of an air suspension of a finely dispersed powder under gas (argon) pressure. A multichannel analyzer of emission spectra (MAES) is used for spectra recording. State standard samples of soils, rocks, and plant ash of various compositions and genesis are used as reference samples. The optimal conditions for excitation, registration of spectra and processing of the useful signal were determined to minimize the random and systematic errors of element determinations. Evaluation of the metrological characteristics, carried out using natural standard samples, revealed no significant systematic error. The relative standard deviation of the method ranges from 0.07 to 0.15, and the calculated value of the Student’s criterion for all the elements considered was shown to be less than the tabular value.

Physico-chemical characterization of paint industry residues for incorporation in cementitious matrix

Before being reused, industrial waste needs to have its composition determined so that in the future, it will not cause harm to the people and to the environment. The present study proposes the characterization and reuse of the residue remaining in the production of leveling masses and textures as a component in the Portland cement mortar specimens in order to analyze the effects on the axial compressive strength. The residue generated was characterized by Infrared (IR) Absorption Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Emission (AE) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG/DTG). All analyzes confirmed the predominant presence of dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) as the main component and absence of potentially toxic metals. The addition of 10% of the residue on the cement and sand mass or the replacement of 10% of the sand mass in the mortars had small impact on the axial compression strength. The standard deviation values found lead to the conclusion that the compressive strength of the studied mortars can be considered statistically similar.