Application of the method of atomic emission spectroscopy with microwave (magnetic) plasma in the processes of identifying the chemical composition of steelmaking waste

Abstract

As part of the work done, an assessment was made of the possibility of using the method of atomic emission spectral analysis with microwave (magnetic) plasma in the processes of identifying the chemical composition of waste from the metallurgical industry. The features of the design of the domestic device for atomic emission analysis are described, the main advantages are noted, which include the ability to work with concentrated samples with a complex salt background, as well as the possibility of using gases (argon/nitrogen) of technical purity. The main analytical lines for a number of metals have been selected, an internal standard based on water-soluble yttrium compounds has been selected, which makes it possible to level fluctuations in the salt background of the analyzed samples. The adequacy of the data obtained for acidic metal-containing solutions with a minimum (10 times) dilution was assessed. It has been established that a decrease in the dilution factor can significantly reduce the probability of error and improve the quality and speed of analytical control of various materials (including mineral raw materials). As part of the tests, the composition of metalchips selected at various production sites of a machine-building enterprise in the Moscow Region, as well as the composition of the metallurgical scale of the forging and heat treatment of metal, were determined and identified. It has been proven that the initial concentration of salts in the analyzed samples does not significantly affect the reliability of the results obtained, and the error of the analysis results does not exceed 2–3%. The data obtained on the possibility of using atomic emission spectrometers with microwave (magnetic) plasma of domestic production will make it possible to take a step towards import substitution, which in a difficult geopolitical situation will make it possible to take a step towards the implementation of the concept of import substitution. The authors express their gratitude to N. E. Kruchinina, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, professor, head of the chair for Industrial Ecology, MUCTR, and V. A. Kuchumov, Candidate of Chemical Sciences, head of the laboratory of JSC Spetsmagnit, for help in the development of individual components of the device (plasmatron design) and assistance in research.