Palladium nanoparticles stabilized on the amino acids-functionalized Fe3O4 as the magnetically recoverable nanocatalysts for Heck and Suzuki reactions

Abstract

Regarding the green chemistry goals, well-organized processes for catalyst separation and reuse have drawn much attention in the past few decades. The strategy of magnetic separation offers a convenient approach for recycling catalysts by applying an appropriate magnetic field. In this paper, a palladium nanoparticle-based catalyst that is stabilized on the glutathione and aspartic acid-functionalized superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles has been prepared by an eco-friendly, economical and effective procedure. The catalytic performance of these novels, highly active and recoverable catalysts was investigated under low loading of the supported palladium nanoparticles for Heck and Suzuki reactions. Under optimal reaction conditions, the nanocomposites afford the corresponding products in excellent yield. The catalysts could be easily separated from the reaction system and efficiently recycled for four consecutive runs without a remarkable loss of their activity. The structural and magnetic properties of the catalysts were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibration sample magnetometer (VSM), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission analysis (ICP-AES) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).