Aspiration Method Research Articles

Determination of the Pest and Beneficial Species on Pumpkin in Düzce Province of Turkey

Bal kabağı bitkisi (Cucurbita moschata Duch.), Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde yer alan Düzce ilinde, yetiştiriciliği en fazla yapılan ve ekonomik anlamda önemli sebzelerin başında gelmektedir. Düzce ilinde bal kabağında zararlı ve yararlı türleri belirlemek amacıyla 2016-2017 yıllarında sörvey çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada gözle kontrol, atrap ve ağız aspiratörü yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda iki takıma bağlı yedi familyadan 10 zararlı tür ve dört takıma bağlı altı familyadan 13 faydalı tür tespit edilmiştir. Zararlı türlerden Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Lygus pratensis L. ve Lygus rugulipennis Poppius (Hemiptera: Miridae) bal kabağı alanlarında yaygın ve sık rastlanılan türler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Doğal düşmanlardan ise en yaygın türler olarak Sphaeropharia scripta L. (Diptera: Syrphidae), Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) ve Dicyphus errans Wolff (Hemiptera: Miridae) belirlenmiştir.

Clinical application of nasal nitric oxide measurement in allergic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundNasal nitric oxide (nNO) is considered a biomarker of nasal inflammation. ObjectiveTo perform a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regressions on the association between nNO levels and allergic rhinitis (AR). MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched. Differences between cases and controls were expressed as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). ResultsOverall, 39 articles were included: 30 containing data on nNO measured by nasal aspiration (1881 patients with AR and 1337 controls) and 12 assessing nNO by nasal exhalation (525 patients with AR and 350 controls). Compared with controls, AR presented significantly higher nNO values both during nasal aspiration (SMD, 1.309; 95% CI, 0.841-1.777; P < .001) and nasal exhalation (SMD, 0.708; 95% CI, 0.303-1.114; P = .001). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses confirmed that the results for the evaluated outcomes were not affected by the presence of clinical confounding factors (asthma, nasal polyps, inhaled corticosteroids, smoking history), this being valid for both perennial and seasonal diseases during exposure to allergens. For the aspiration method, meta-regressions indicated that older age and a better pulmonary function were associated with a lower difference in nNO levels between patients with AR and controls, whereas an increasing aspiration flow was associated with a high effect size. ConclusionnNO levels are higher in AR, particularly when using high aspiration flows and in younger patients, who often perceive this condition as a source of disability. Further studies are needed to evaluate the usefulness of this biomarker for monitoring airway disorders and optimizing strategies in different settings (community, hospital, rehabilitation).

Control over parameters of ionized air

The article presents the results of the study of the parameters of ionized air, measuring tools, it analyzes the processes and errors of measuring the potential corona discharge field, the volume concentration of air ions, and the density of space charges in the object. The dynamics of air ions in the measuring system, the conditions, and associated errors were studied. The obtained results are considered from the point of view of the application in fruit storage. The aspiration methods were used, the measurements were performed in the ionization zone - in the ionizer, in the volume of the room, and on the surface of the processed product. A simplified design of ionometers for air ions was used in studies for measuring the volume concentration of air ions. They work on the principle of discharge of an aspiration system and are convenient for indoor use.

Outcomes of direct aspiration method with Sofia catheter in acute stroke patients

Amaç: Bu çalışmada akut iskemik inme hastalarında 6F Sofia katater ile direk aspirasyon yönteminin (ADAPT) etkinliği ve güvenirliğinin gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza Mart 2017-Temmuz 2019 tarihleri arasında, akut inme nedeniyle başvuran ve ön sistem büyük damar okluzyonu saptanarak Sofia katater ile ADAPT uygulanan 117 hasta dahil edildi. Tandem okluzyonlar ve arka sistem inmeler çalışmaya dahil edilmedi. İşlem sonrası başarılı açıklık oranları, post-operatif kanama komplikasyonları ve hastaların 90. gün modified Rankin Scale (mRS) skorları değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Hastaların 86’sında (%73.5) okluzyon orta serebral arterde (MCA), 31’inde (%16.5) internal karotis arter (ICA) tepe kısımdaydı. Açıklık oranları Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (Tici) skorlamasına göre değerlendirildi. Başarılı rekanalizasyon (Tici ≥ 2b) %83.7, 90. gün iyi klinik sonuç (mRS 0-2) %43.5 olarak bulundu. Semptomatik kanama ise hastaların %7.69’unda görüldü. ADAPT ile başarılı açıklık sağlanamayan ve ek olarak stentretriever kullanılan 32 hastada başarılı açıklık %59.3 idi. %15.3 hastada mortalite izlendi.Sonuç: Sofia, hastaların birçoğunda okluzyon seviyesine kadar ilerleyebilmesi, kost-efektif olması ve ADAPT ile yüksek başarılı açıklık oranları sağlaması ile endovasküler inme tedavisinde etkili ve güvenli bir şekilde kullanılabilir

Effect of Alpha-Tocopherol Supplementation in TCM199 Medium on In Vitro Maturation and Cleavage of Buffalo Oocytes

An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of supplementing α-tocopherol at two different concentrations to the in vitro maturation (IVM) medium (TCM 199 culture medium) on in vitro maturation and cleavage of buffalo oocytes. Ovaries were collected from local slaughter house. Oocytes were collected by aspiration method and were matured in IVM medium (T0, control), IVM medium supplemented with α-tocopherol @ 10 μg/ml (T1) and IVM medium supplemented with α-tocopherol @ 20 μg/ml (T2). The mean cytoplasmic maturation rate was 82.39 ± 0.81, 88.81 ± 1.08, 81.67 ± 1.82 % and nuclear maturation rate was 62.50 ± 8.33, 87.50 ± 5.59, 66.66 ± 7.68 % in T0, T1 and T2 groups, respectively. The fertilized oocytes reaching 2-cell and 4-cell stages of cleavage for T0, T1 and T2 groups were 14.92 ± 1.52, 32.39 ± 1.01 and 16.39 ± 1.25 %, respectively. Significantly (p less than 0.05) higher level of cytoplasmic maturation rate, nuclear maturation rate and cleavage rate was observed in IVM medium supplemented with α-tocopherol @10 μg/ml than other two groups.

A three-dimensional computed tomography study to determine the ideal method for fluoroscopically-guided bone marrow aspiration from the iliac crest.

Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) through the iliac crest is potentially unsafe due to the vicinity of neurovascular structures in the greater sciatic notch. Our objective was to investigate the safety of a recently described BMA technique, specifically a trajectory from the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) to the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS). We conducted a chart review of 260 patients, analyzing three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images of the pelvis and sacrum to validate that this new approach offers a wide safety margin from the greater sciatic notch. Analysis of 3D CT scans demonstrated that the PSIS to AIIS trajectory never crossed the greater sciatic notch. The trajectory was noted to be at least one cm away from the greater sciatic notch in all measurements. The new trajectory entered the PSIS at 25.29 ± 4.34° (left side) and 24.93 ± 4.15° (right side) cephalad from the transverse plane, and 24.58 ± 4.99° (left side) and 24.56 ± 4.67° (right side) lateral from the midsagittal plane. The area of bone marrow encountered with the new approach was approximately 22.5 cm2. Utilizing the same CT scans, the trajectory from the traditional approach crossed the greater sciatic notch in all scans, highlighting the potential for violating the greater sciatic notch boundary, and damaging important neurovascular structures. Statistically, significant sex-related differences were identified in needle trajectory angles for both approaches. We conclude that based on this 3D CT study, a trajectory from the PSIS to the AIIS for BMA may offer a wide safety margin from the greater sciatic notch.

The in vitro development of cloned sheep embryos treated with Scriptaid and Trichostatin (A).

Introduction and aimsAlthough, it has been success in the generation of animal clones from somatic cells in various animal species, the information related to nuclear reprogramming of cloned embryos is found to be limited. This study aims to compares the effect of both Scriptaid (SCR) and Trichostatin (A) treatments in improving cloning efficiency, and embryos developmental rate of cloned sheep embryos in vitro. Three groups were formed, i.e., one SCR group, second TSA group, with both treatment concentrations of 5 nM, 50 nM, and 500 nM, respectively, and third were control group with 0 nM. Methods: Ovaries of slaughtered sheep were collected and oocytes were recovered from antral follicles using aspiration method and in vitro maturation of oocytes were done. Then zona dissecting with micropipettes and oocyte enucleation were carried out under the micromanipulator. Later nuclear transfer, cell fusion and activation were done via cell fusion machine. Finally the embryo cultured in incubating chamber at the CO2 incubator up to 9 days. The result: In general the results showed that when the concentration increases the cleavage rate increased. The cleavage rates of the SCNT embryos treated with SCR at different concentrations are closely related to cleavage rate of embryos treated with TSA at same concentration; such as 39.47% for 500 nM TSA, 38.09% for 500 nM SCR; 18.6% for 50 nM TSA, 19.17% for 50 nM SCR, and 22.64% for 5 nM TSA, 17.18% for 5 nM SCR. As for the control group, the cleavage rate of the SCNT embryos cleavage ratewere27.47%., 30% and 30.85% respectively for bothtreatments. While there is a significant difference in TSA treatments at an eight-cell stage at the concentration (5 and 50 nM TSA) compared to the all other cleavage cell stages of (500 nM TSA and control). Also their were a differences between (50 nM of TSA) compared to the (50 nM SCR). Also there were a significant differences between the 16 cell stage at the (500 nM TSA) compared to other treatment (5 nM, 50 nM TSA and control). Regarding the SCR there were a significant difference at 8 cell stage between (5 nM SCR), compared to the other treatment (50 nM, 500 nM SCR and control). Also there were a significant difference at 16 cell stage between (50 nM, and 500 nM SCR), compared to the other treatment (5 nM SCR and control). While in the development of the embryos reach to blastocyst stage the SCR and the control group show a higher rate, in compered to TSA that did not show any development to blastocyst stage. The total SCR treatment showed (3/41 = 7.31%), and the total control showed (4/89 = 4.49%) blastula stage. It concludes that SCR improve the final development blastula stage compared to the TSA treatments that did not improved embryos reach to final developmental blastula stages may be due to spices differences or to the toxicity of TSA, especially at higher concentrations.

Physiologic Effects of Nasal Aspiration and Nasopharyngeal Suctioning on Infants With Viral Bronchiolitis.

There is limited evidence supporting an optimum method for removing mucus from the airways of hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis. This study was designed to evaluate short-term physiologic effects between nasal aspiration and nasopharyngeal suctioning in infants. Sixteen infants requiring hospitalization for supportive management of bronchiolitis were instrumented with transcutaneously measured partial pressure of carbon dioxide ([Formula: see text]) and [Formula: see text] monitoring. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) was used to estimate changes in inspiratory and end-expiratory lung volume loss and recovery. Subjects were suctioned with both nasal aspiration and nasopharyngeal suctioning methods in a randomized order (8 received nasal aspiration followed by nasopharyngeal suctioning, and 8 received nasophayrgeal suctioning followed by nasal aspiration). Noninvasive gas exchange and EIT measurements were obtained at baseline (pre-suction) and at 10, 20, and 30 min following each suctioning intervention. Sputum mass was obtained following suctioning, and clinical respiratory severity scores, before and after suctioning, were computed. There were no differences in inspiratory EIT (P = .93), change in end-expiratory lung impedance (ΔEELI; P = .53), [Formula: see text] (P = .41), [Formula: see text] (P = .88), heart rate (P = .31), or breathing frequency (P = .15) over the course of suctioning between nasal aspiration and nasopharyngeal suctioning. Sputum mass (P = .14) and clinical respiratory score differences before and after suctioning (P = .59) were not different between the 2 suctioning interventions. Sputum mass was not associated with ΔEELI at 30 min for nasal aspiration (ρ = 0.11, P = .69), but there was a moderate positive association for nasopharyngeal suctioning (ρ = 0.50, P = .048). Infants with viral bronchiolitis appeared to tolerate both suctioning techniques without adverse short-term physiologic effects, as indicated by the unchanged gas exchange and estimated lung volumes (EIT). Nasopharyngeal suctioning recovered 36% more sputum than did nasal aspiration and there was moderate correlation between sputum mass and end-expiratory lung impedance change at 30 minutes post-suction with nasopharyngeal that was not present with nasal aspiration. It is possible that a subset of patients may benefit from one type of suctioning over another. Future research focusing on important outcomes for suctioning patients with bronchiolitis with varying degrees of lung disease severity is needed.

In vitro Development of Preimplantation Caprine Embryo using Cryopreserved Black Bengal Buck Semen

The aim of the present study was to produce goat embryo in different culture media through in vitro fertilization using cryopreserved black Bengal buck semen. Total 1265 fresh cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected by aspiration method with a 19 gauge hypodermic needle, washed 5-6 times and cultured in maturation media maintaining 5% CO2 level at 38.5ºC with maximum humidity in a incubator. After 27 h of incubation cumulus cells were stripped off from matured oocytes and transferred to acidified Tyrode’s medium for zona thinning and co-incubated with in vitro capacitated sperms for fertilization in Fert-BO media. In the experiment I, fresh buck semen and in experiment II, frozen buck semen was used for in vitro fertilization after in vitro processing. After 5 h of co-incubation, presumptive zygotes were washed and co-incubated with oviductal cells in three different culture media (RVCL, mSOF, KSOM) for further development. In fresh group cleavage (%) were 37.76 ± 2.98, 39.60 ± 1.75, 29.01 ± 1.74, and morula formation (%) were 7.72 ± 3.38, 6.03 ± 1.29, and 3.00 ± 3.00 in RVCL, mSOF and KSOM media respectively. However, in frozen group cleavage (%) were 29.17 ± 2.56, 27.70 ± 2.31, 24.17 ± 1.44 in RVCL, mSOF and KSOM media respectively and morula formation (%) was 2.93 ± 0.97 only in RVCL media. These results indicate that cryopreserved black Bengal buck semen have competence to produce embryos and could be used for embryo development in RVCL media through in vitro fertilization.

Prospective randomized comparison of cerebrospinal fluid aspiration and conventional popping methods using 27-gauge spinal needles in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia

BackgroundPerforming spinal anaesthesia using the conventional popping method with a 27-gauge (27G) spinal needle is technically difficult. In this study, we compared the aspiration and conventional popping method for spinal anaesthesia using 27G Quincke-type needles.MethodsThis prospective, randomized study enrolled 90 patients, aged 19 to 65 years, with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-III, who were undergoing spinal anaesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups using a computer-generated random number table: patients receiving spinal anaesthesia using the aspiration method, in which the needle is advanced with continuous aspiration, or the conventional popping method. The primary outcome measure was the success rate of the first attempt to perform dural puncture. Number of attempts and passages, withdrawal cases, successful attempt time, total procedure time, and actual depth of dural puncture were recorded.ResultsEighty-eight patients were included in the study. In the aspiration group, the success rate of first attempt for dural puncture was 93.3%, compared with 72.1% in the popping group (P = 0.019). Success involving needle withdrawal was recorded in 4 (8.9%) patients in the aspiration group and 13 (30.2%) in the popping group (P = 0.024). In the popping group, the number of attempts was significantly higher (P = 0.044), and total procedure time was significantly longer (P = 0.023). Actual depths of dural puncture were deeper in the popping group than in the aspiration group (P = 0.019).ConclusionsThe aspiration method using a 27G Quincke-type needle offers clinical benefits for dural puncture compared with the conventional popping method for spinal anaesthesia.Trial registrationClinical research information service number: KCT0002815, registered 21/Apr/2018. Retrospectively registered.

Providing quality abortion care: Findings from a study of six states in India

ObjectiveAlthough abortion has been legal in India since 1971, but very little research has been done so far on the issue of the quality of abortion services. To fill this gap, this paper examines whether the quality of abortion services provided in the country is in line with the WHO’s recommendations.Study Design: We analyse a cross-sectional health facilities survey conducted in six Indian states, representing different sociocultural and geographical regions, as part of a study done in 2015.Main outcome measures: Percentage of facilities offering different abortion methods, type of anaesthesia given, audio-visual privacy level, compliance with the law by obtaining woman’s consent only, imposing the requirement of adopting a contraceptive method as a precondition to receive abortion. ResultsExcept for the state of Madhya Pradesh, fewer than half of the facilities in the other states offer safe abortion services. Fewer than half of the facilities offer the WHO recommended manual vacuum aspiration method. Only 6–26% facilities across the states seek the woman’s consent alone for providing abortion. About 8–26% facilities across the states also require that women adopt some method of contraception before receiving abortion. ConclusionTo provide comprehensive quality abortion care, India needs to expand the provider base by including doctors from the Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy streams as also nurses and auxiliary midwives after providing them necessary skills. Medical and nursing colleges and training institutions should expand their curriculum by offering an in-service short-term training on vacuum aspiration (VA) and medical methods of abortion.

Management of Haematoma Auris by Minimal Access Surgery and Steroid Injection

Haematoma auris is a collection of serosanguinous fluid between perichondrium and cartilage of pinna. Various method of aspiration / incision and pressure bandage used to treat the condition, here we are using steroid at the site after aspiration with a needle, no pressure bandage or drain used. Total 49 patients were treated with no untoward events.&#x0D; Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 83-87

Safety of carotid artery stenting for elderly patients with cervical carotid artery stenosis.

Several recent randomized controlled trials have reported that perioperative complications of carotid artery stenting increase with age, and Japan has the highest proportion of elderly in the world. We retrospectively compared clinical factors, treatment outcomes, and adverse events between younger and elderly carotid artery stenting patients at a single institution in Japan to assess carotid artery stenting safety for the aged population. A total of 150 consecutive patients treated with carotid artery stenting using the dual protection (simultaneous flow reversal and distal filter) and blood aspiration method were enrolled. Patients were classified into an elderly (O) group ≥75 years (54/150, 36.0%) and a younger (Y) group <75 years (96/150, 64%) for comparison of demographics, clinical background, incidence of captured debris during the procedure, outcome, minor stroke, major adverse events (major stroke, myocardial infarction, or death) within 30 days, hyperintense spots on diffusion-weighted images after carotid artery stenting, and postoperative hospitalization days. The carotid artery stenting procedure was successful in all cases. No major adverse events occurred within 30 days in the Y group, and only one occurred in the O group (P = 0.348). Visible debris was captured in a significantly greater proportion of O group patients than in Y group patients (33/54 (63.5%) vs. 40/96 (42.1%), P = 0.016), but there was no significant difference in the frequency of hyperintense spots on diffusion-weighted images between Y and O groups (23/96 (24.0%) vs. 16/52 (30.8%), P = 0.435). Carotid artery stenting using dual protection and blood aspiration is equally safe for younger and elderly patients.

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Inhibitors in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Recently, there has been a positive trend to reduce mortality from myocardial infarction. One of the reasons for such dynamics is the development of angiographic service in our country and the increase in the number of primary percutaneous coronary interventions. One of the most serious complications of endovascular interventions affecting the prognosis is the development of the phenomenon of slow or unrecoverable blood flow (≪slow/no-reflow≫ phenomenon). The reason for the development of this phenomenon is associated, first of all, with distal embolization by thrombotic masses and fragments of atherosclerotic plaque. In order to prevent this complication, manual thromboextraction was developed – the aspiration of thrombotic masses from the infarct-related artery. The manual thrombus aspiration has not been proven effective in a number of large randomized trials. In addition to the lack of influence on the prognosis, the method of manual thrombus aspiration significantly more often led to the development of ischemic strokes and currently should not be routinely carried out. Another method of preventing the phenomenon of delayed or unrecoverable blood flow is the use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors which is, in contrast to the instrumental method, effective and relatively safe. According to a number of large randomized trials, drug treatment of this complication influences life expectancy in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. At a time when there is already a meta-analysis on the routine use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors during primary percutaneous coronary intervention and their positive impact on survival, in our country, unfortunately, the importance of these drugs is underestimated and according to the register they are used only in 3% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. This review presents studies and comparisons of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors existing on the market.

Main prophylactic measures in bariatric endoscopy. Spanish Expert Recommendations Guideline.

Bariatric endoscopy (BE) encompasses a number of techniques -some consolidated, some under development- aiming to contribute to the management of obese patients and their associated metabolic diseases as a complement to dietary and lifestyle changes. To date different intragastric balloon models, suture systems, aspiration methods, substance injections and both gastric and duodenal malabsorptive devices have been developed, as well as endoscopic procedures for the revision of bariatric surgery. Their ongoing evolution conditions a gradual increase in the quantity and quality of scientific evidence about their effectiveness and safety. Despite this, scientific evidence remains inadequate to establish strong grades of recommendation allowing a unified perspective on prophylaxis in BE. This dearth of data conditions leads, in daily practice, to frequently extrapolate the measures that are used in bariatric surgery (BS) and/or in general therapeutic endoscopy. In this respect, this special article is intended to reach a consensus on the most common prophylactic measures we should apply in BE. The methodological design of this document was developed while attempting to comply with the following 5 phases: Phase 1: delimitation and scope of objectives, according to the GRADE Clinical Guidelines. Phase 2: setup of the Clinical Guide-developing Group: national experts, members of the Grupo Español de Endoscopia Bariátrica (GETTEMO, SEED), SEPD, and SECO, selecting 2 authors for each section. Phase 3: clinical question form (PICO): patients, intervention, comparison, outcomes. Phase 4: literature assessment and synthesis. Search for evidence and elaboration of recommendations. Based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine classification, most evidence in this article will correspond to level 5 (expert opinions without explicit critical appraisal) and grade of recommendation C (favorable yet inconclusive recommendation) or D (inconclusive or inconsistent studies). Phase 5: External review by experts. We hope that these basic preventive measures will be of interest for daily practice, and may help prevent medical and/or legal conflicts for the benefit of patients, physicians, and BE in general.

Histopathological and cytological analyses of endometrium in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) to detect estrus and endometritis.

This study aimed to determine cytological, histopathological and cytomorphometrical characteristics of endometrium in healthy and endometritic uterus in the water buffalo. Fifty eight non-pregnant reproductive systems were collected from slaughterhouse. Efficiency of three methods of sampling including cotton swab, smear, and aspiration were compared for cytologic study. Concurrent histopathologic examination revealed endometritis in 38 uteri including 8 (21.00%) with mild endometritis, 7 (18.42%) with moderate endometritis, 6 (15.90%) with severe endometritis and 17 (44.73%) with chronic endometritis. Cyto-morphometrical results showed significant relationship between diameter and area of epithelial nuclei with phases of estrus cycle. Neutrophil and lymphocytes densities in swab and aspiration samples were significantly higher in severe endometritis than normal and chronic endometritis samples. Similarly, lymphocytes density in smear and aspiration methods was significant between normal and moderates, and also severe and chronic endometritis. Cytomorphometric analysis of epithelial nuclei characteristics (diameter and area) in buffalo were performed for the first time and it could be valuable to identify estrus cycle in this species. Aspiration had the most efficiency to identify endometritis in comparison with other methods.

Analysis of bacterial communities of infected primary teeth in a Mexican population.

Background The objective of this study was to describe the bacterial communities associated with pediatric patients with endodontic infections of temporal teeth by targeting the 16S rRNA gene using pyrosequencing. Material and Methods Microbiological samples were obtained from the lower primary molars of thirteen 13 pediatric patients with dental infections. An aspiration method for microbiological sampling was used. The identification of microbiota employing the pyrosequencing method by targeting the 16S gene was performed. Results Ribosomal 16S RNA gene sequences were amplified, obtaining a total of 16,182 sequences from 13 primary infected molars (13 different individuals) by pyrosequencing. Bacteroidetes phyla (35.15%) were the most abundant followed by Firmicutes (33.3%) and Fusobacteria (10.05%); the presence of specific pathogenic bacteria was determined as well. Conclusions The infected root canal of primary teeth contains a high diversity of anaerobic bacteria, and Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Fusobacteria phyla were the most abundant; Prevotella and Streptococcus genera were the most prevalent. Key words:Pyrosequencing, deciduous teeth, oral bacterial microbiota, 16S rRNA, taxonomy.

Comparison of various pressure methods along with aspiration in treatment of auricular seroma

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Auricular seroma or pseudocyst is soft cystic swelling on the pinna due to collection of intra cartilaginous fluid. The successful management of auricular seroma by aspiration and pressure remains a challenge as this disease has high recurrence rate.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A total 28 patients with auricular seroma were treated by aspiration and different methods of pressure modalities as corrugated rubber splint, button, mastoid dressing and plaster of paris and their results were compared in this study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; No any recurrence of seroma and any complication occur after rubber splint pressure application. Post procedure complain like fever, pain, oedema, perichondritis and recurrence are more present in button, mastoid dressing and plaster of Paris pressure application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Aspiration and pressure application with rubber splint provides very simple, minimally invasive and effective management of auricular seroma. It is cost effective give uniform pressure and less traumatic to skin. Pressure with rubber splint method has low recurrence rate and as there is no need of mastoid bandage so less social embracement. &lt;/p&gt;

PSII-12 Comparison of fine needle aspiration and tissue sections to determine Sertoli and germ cell counts in prepubertal beef bulls

Abstract Daily sperm production in bulls is determined by the size of the testicular Sertoli cell (SC) population established before puberty. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is currently used as a diagnostic tool, but its value to determine SC and germ cell (GC) counts remains unexplored. The objectives were to compare three sampling techniques [(smears produced via 22G fine needle aspiration (SMR) vs. tissue sections collected via 14G aspiration (FNS) vs. conventional tissue sections (HIS)] and two stains [immunohistochemistry with GATA4 (IHC) and HE] to determine SC density in prepubertal bulls. Fourteen age-matched Angus bulls were surgically castrated. Testicular parenchyma samples and smears were stained using anti-GATA4 as a specific SC marker and HE. For stain comparison, mirrored tissue cuts were produced allowing cell counts of complementary seminiferous tubule (ST) cross sections. All data were analyzed using Pearson’s product moment correlations and linear regression. Testicular weights were correlated with IHC SC density (P = 0.018). High correlations existed for SC and GC counts done on ST cross sections using IHC (P &amp;lt; .0001) and HE (P &amp;lt; .0001). Within HIS and FNS, high correlations (r = 0.955; P ≤ 0.0001) existed between SC and automated GATA4+ cell densities. However, when comparing IHC SC density across techniques, no significant correlations (P ≤ 0.587) existed. The high correlation observed between SC counts done on mirrored ST cross sections for HE and IHC underlines the value of GATA4 as a specific SC marker in prepubertal bulls. Furthermore, the high correlation established between SC and GATA4+ cell densities within IHC HIS and FNS collection methods infers SC density determination can be automated. However, lack of correlation for SC density among techniques indicates that aspiration and conventional methods lead to different results. Research supported by North Dakota EPSCoR Doctoral Dissertation Assistantship (DDA) program.

The analysis of quantitative and specific structure of the mould fungi circulating in air of multipurpose health center

Numerous studies have proved that microscopic fungi take part in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, so micromycetes in the air of indoor spaces are considered as a factor that negatively affects to human health. Concentration in medical institutions sick persons pertain to groups of high risk of development of opportunistic infectious diseases dictates the need of conducting control of mycetogenic contamination of rooms. Purpose of the study: research of quantitative structure and specific variety of a mykobiota of the department’s air in one of health care centers of Nizhny Novgorod. Materials and methods. Sampling of air was made by an aspiration method on Petri dish with solid mediums. Then was defined the maintenance of colony forming units (CFU) in 1000 liters of air. Specific identification of the marked-out cultures was carried out by classical bacteriological methods on their morphological and cultural features. Results. It was established that in air of the surveyed departments 32 various species of the mold fungi belonging to the class Hyphomycetes in total circulates. At assessment of specific structure it was established that representatives of two species – Aspergillus niger and Penicillium simplicissium most often met. Except them Alternaria longipes, Fusarium gibbosum, Cladosporium elatum were most often allocated. Conclusion. The conducted researches have shown that in air of the surveyed departments the microscopic fungi relating to pronounced aeroallergens are circulate. The obtained data can serve as a prerequisite for development of a microbiological method of assessment of a sanitary condition of health care centers and degree of their potential health hazard to patients.