Dental Area Research Articles

Bibliometric Analysis of the Scientific Production of the Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada: 2007-2017

Objective: To analyze the bibliometric profile of articles published in the Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada (PBOCI). Material and Methods: In this documental study, two trained examiners independently assessed the abstracts of all articles published between 2007 and 2017. Articles were categorized according to the study design, dental specialty and institutional affiliation of the main author. The full article was read whenever the abstract did not allow its classification. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the absolute and relative frequencies. Results: In total, 670 articles were identified, with predominance of publications in the areas of Pediatric Dentistry (33.3%), Community Health (18.7%) and Restorative Dentistry (12.2%). The most used designs were cross-sectional (58.3%), especially in the areas of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Health; and laboratory studies (25.7%), mainly in the areas of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics. The Brazilian universities that most published in the Journal were the Federal University of Paraiba (9.7%), followed by the State University of Sao Paulo (6.4%) and University of Sao Paulo (6%), characterizing predominance of the Southeastern and Northeastern regions. The publications of authors with international affiliation represented 9.1%. The distribution among nations reveals studies from countries such as India (34.5%), Nigeria (14.8%), Bosnia (11.5%) and Iran (8.2%). Conclusion: PBOCI has provided Brazilian and foreign researchers the opportunity to disseminate studies in all areas of Dentistry, but studies in the fields of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Health are predominant. The most frequent designs were cross-sectional and laboratorial, and in relation to foreign participation, there is predominance of research from countries such as India, Nigeria and Bosnia.

MODEL BIZNESU DLA POTRZEB ZARZADZĄDZANIA USŁUGAMI 16 MEDYCZNYMI W ZAKRESIE STOMATOLOGII

MODEL BIZNESU DLA POTRZEB ZARZADZĄDZANIA USŁUGAMI 16 MEDYCZNYMI W ZAKRESIE STOMATOLOGII

Drug protocols for patients with special needs: a review of the literature

ABSTRACT There is a great need for dental surgeons to be trained to proceed with patients needing some kind of special care. This study aimed to perform a review of the literature on drug protocols concerning how to treat patients with special needs, within the different areas in which dentists may be engaged. The methodology employed was to review articles dealing with the subjects of diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, hemophilia, cardiac patients, which were focused on areas of dentistry. A total of 33 articles were selected. Several specific protocols were found on how to act during a consultation of several systemic diseases or in special cases, in order to achieve success during treatment, to avoid drug interactions or to create emergency situations. It was possible, in some cases, to find a consensus between the sequences or the drug of first choice for patients. Serious errors can occur if a dentist is not capable in serious cases. The creation of a protocol for these patients in the different dental specialties would reduce the number of failed treatments, thus increasing the safety and effectiveness of the treatments.

A survey of endodontic irrigants used by dentists with varying years of professional experience

Background/Aim: The aim of the present study was to describe the use of irrigants by dentists in Bulgaria in relation to their years of professional experience. Material and Methods: The data were collected with the help of a questionnaire. The survey included questions concerning frequency of irrigants applied, their respective concentrations, as well as spectrum of disinfectants used in endodontics. In addition, information about respondents' age, years of professional experience, gender, and main areas of continuing education was collected. The statistical analysis was performed with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0. Results: 219 replies were analysed (response rate 27,3%). The majority of the respondents (31.1%) had 21 to 30 years of professional experience. 18.7% had over 30 years. Most of the practitioners reported their continuing education to be in the area of general dentistry - 52%, while about 1.2 % had specialised in endodontics. Dentists with long-standing professional experience use predominantly H2O2 - 78%. Dentists with least experience use 17% EDTA - 53.6%. No significant differences were established for the use of sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine. 82% of the respondents use conventional needle 27G for intracanal irrigation; 60% never use ultrasonic irrigation. Conclusions: The analysis of the usage of irrigants shows that many general dental practitioners do not follow the quality recommended protocols for endodontic irrigation protocols.

Nanotechnology in Dentistry

Introduction: Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding field that encompasses the development, manipulation, and application of structures on the nanometer scale. Applications of nanotechnology to dentistry are particularly promising and comprise materials and devices designed to achieve maximal therapeutic efficacy with minimal side effects. Objective: This review discusses the advantages of nanotechnology and the different types of nanostructures used in dentistry. Material and Method: In this study, online databases: pubmed, medline and scielo were searched to analyse the current understanding of the potential of nanotechnology in dentistry, including the restoration of tooth structure with nanocomposites and the development of nanoparticles for dentin remineralisation, drug delivery, disease diagnostics, oral analgesia, oral hygiene maintenance, local anaesthesia, tooth desensitisation, and bone tissue repair. Results: The study demonstrated a wide range of nanotechnological strategies in different dentistry areas and suggests that nanotechnology-based delivery systems may be very useful to improve treatment, prevention and repair in dentistry in the future. Conclusion: There is little or no clinical experience for the nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems cited herein. Safety assessments and clinical trials are the next step in their development.Descriptors: Nanotechnology; Dental Research; Biocompatible Materials.

Defensive dentistry and the young dentist - this isn't what we signed up for.

Why did I want to become a dentist? I wanted a job where I would be respected as a professional and could change the lives of others, using my hands. This, I thought, would be my ideal profession; one where I could walk into work with a smile on my face every day. Cue dental school a place where one is trained to become competent in all areas of general dentistry. As readers will appreciate, dentistry is a vast field and the question that comes to mind is how so many diverse and varied topics can be jam packed into a five-year course. There has always been a debate about what to put in, and therefore leave out. At my particular dental school, the first two years covered basic scientific theory, leaving three years to get into clinical dentistry with some 'other' aspects sprinkled in. Some of these aspects included general communication skills, record keeping and one or two practice visits at fancy dental practices to see how good life was as a general dental practitioner. In light of the profession's current climate and the rise of defensive dentistry, I aim to reflect on why many young graduates from all over the country feel out of touch with the profession so early on in their careers, and why some of these 'other' aspects of dentistry should have been covered much more comprehensively to prepare us for the big wide world.

A SYSTEM FOR MEASUREMENTS OF 3D SCANNED ORTHODONTIC STUDY MODELS

Plaster dental casts represent an important item in the process of diagnosis, therapy planning and documenting, both in orthodontics, as well as other areas of dentistry. Dental casts allow us to track occlusal contacts before the therapy as well as the changes during the growth and therapy. Although they do possess many positive features, due to the rapid advancements in technology, their negative sides have became more prominent leading to the more widespread use of digital 3D models as their replacement. In this paper, we present a web based system that allows us, after the casts have been scanned, to produce easily usable digital models, to store them and perform measurements on them. Performed measurements are suitable for futher processing and analysis.

Study of the level of satisfaction of users of the dental service of an institution of the contributory regime in Cali, June - August 2010

Objective: To determine the level of satisfaction of users of dentistry of an institution of contributory regime at the city of Cali.
 Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The calculated sample size was 242 patients obtained by simple random probability sampling. The dates were analyzed in the statistical package Epi-info v. 5.4.
 Results: Female gender predominated with 62,8% (CI 95%: 56,4 – 68,9); the more prevalent type of membership was contributor with 60,7% (CI 95%: 54,3 – 66,9). Despite of limitations of Health Mandatory Plan in dentistry area, the global rating of satisfaction was 4.1 in a scale from 1 to 5.
 Conclusions: The level of satisfaction of the users of dentistry service at the surveyed institution was 82%. Today the knowledge of level of satisfaction of users of health services is an important tool for the administration, researching, and marketing of these services.

A prática da odontologia hospitalar no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Objetivo: este estudo tem como objetivo mostrar a prática da odontologia hospitalar no Brasil, revisando artigos científicos sobre o assunto publicados em nosso país. Material e Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura, incluindo artigos científicos brasileiros sobre odontologia hospitalar no Brasil. Relatos de casos, revisões de literatura e pesquisas originais não realizadas com pacientes foram excluídos. O Google scholar, Pubmed, Lilacs, Scopus e Scielo são os bancos de dados online usados. Resultados: os seguintes resultados foram obtidos dos 28 estudos encontrados na pesquisa: 6 (21,4%) foram realizados com um grupo controle; 17 (60,7%) foram relacionados ao perfil de saúde bucal dos pacientes, 5 (17,9%) foram estudos baseados em questionários, 13 (46,4%) foram realizados com pacientes internados em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs) 16 (57,1%) foram realizados em adultos, em 21 (75%) estudos os pacientes internados receberam algum tipo de exame bucal com ou sem intervenção local, e 4 (14,3%) estudos envolveram coleta de material para análise laboratorial. Conclusão: a maior parte dos estudos abordou pacientes internados em UTIs. Os participantes dos estudos, ou seja, pacientes, acompanhantes ou equipe de saúde, consideraram necessário e relevante que os cirurgiões-dentistas estejam presentes em ambiente hospitalar e forneçam instruções de cuidados em saúde bucal aos pacientes internados e à equipe de enfermagem. É necessário aumentar o número de estudos na área de odontologia hospitalar no Brasil.

As atividades profissionais dos egressos da Pós-Graduação em Odontologia na área de Saúde Coletiva

A pós-graduação stricto sensu no Brasil tem se consolidado cada vez mais. Nos últimos tempos, várias estratégias têm sido implementadas com intuito de aprimorar o processo da avaliação de sua qualidade. Dentre os meios de se avaliar um curso de pós-graduação, o acompanhamento das atividades profissionais ou acadêmicas dos egressos tem sido muito valorizado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer as atividades profissionais e acadêmicas dos egressos titulados no Programa de Pós-Graduação na área de Odontologia em Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Estadual Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Campus de Araçatuba. Foram analisados os dados curriculares disponibilizados na plataforma Lattes de 91 egressos do programa, os quais estão distribuídos em todas as macrorregiões do Brasil, porém o Sudeste concentra a maior quantidade. Grande parte (80,23%) atua ou atuou no meio acadêmico, com vínculo profissional predominante em universidades públicas. A atuação nos serviços públicos de saúde também foi frequente (32,56%), com ocupações de cargos em coordenadorias de saúde, rede de assistência à saúde, secretarias municipais e estaduais de saúde, assim como no Ministério da Saúde.

Three-dimensional printing in contemporary fixed prosthodontics: A technique article

Digital dentistry has gained in popularity among clinicians and laboratory technicians because of its versatile applications. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been applied in many areas of dentistry as it offers efficiency, affordability, accessibility, reproducibility, speed, and accuracy. This article describes a technique where 3D printing is used to fabricate a die-trimmed cast and to replicate gingival tissue and implant analogs. The digital workflow that replaces the conventional laboratory procedure is outlined.

Validação de conteúdo e aparência de um curso online para a vigilância da influenza

In Brazil, acute respiratory infections (ARI) caused by influenza are frequent in the population and demand constant vigilance from the health services, which has urged new educational technologies for coping with the disease. In view of this, the objective of the study is to validate the content and appearance of an online course for influenza management, together with judges with experience in the health surveillance and epidemiological network. It is a methodological study, based on Falkemback's (2015) reference and calculation of content validity index (CVI). After the development of the course, there was the apparent validation, content and pedagogical aspects that involved the training, by judges considered specialists in the areas of distance education and epidemiological and health surveillance in the area of influenza respectively. In total, 13 judges participated in this validation stage and analyzed the following points: Accessibility; Usability; functionality; Content; Relevance; Efficiency and Environment. According to the results, the judges were mostly female, eight were nurses and the other were in the area of dentistry, biology, pharmacy, medicine and veterinary medicine and in relation to the content validity index there was consensus among the participants. At the end, it can be said that the course, through specific pedagogical and didactic resources, is a virtual educational technology that has enabled collaborative learning to facilitate learning about influenza.

Musculoskeletal symptoms of the neck and shoulder among dental practitioners.

Musculoskeletal symptoms of the neck and shoulder represent a condition whose basic characteristic is pain. These conditions are very often present in dental health professionals. The aim of the paper was to determine presence of discomforts in areas of head, neck, shoulders, upper back and upper limbs at health professionals in area of dentistry, as well as discomfort localisation and methods of treatment. The research included 45 health professionals (dentists, dental assistants and dental technicians) employed at Dental Clinic of Vojvodina. The information was collected via questionnaire for analysis musculoskeletal disorders. Most of the dentists (75.9%) and the dental assistants (90.9%) as well as nearly half of the dental technicians (40%) experience discomforts in area of the neck, which are occasional, present in all three working positions and this discomforts are a little more frequent at women. The present musculoskeletal disorders are followed by headache, whose presence is statistically more significant compared to the other symptoms. The headache is usually located in the occipital part, it occurs individually or joined with other symptoms. Due to said discomforts the examinees in 59.4% of the cases don't contact the doctor. Medical therapy prevails in opposition to physical therapy. The discomforts deriving from the cervical part of the spine are present at great percentage of our examinees. Considering the fact that the said discomforts affect performing both professional and everyday activities, its prevention is necessary in order to avoid the consequences they carry.

Virtual Reality simulator for dental anesthesia training in the inferior alveolar nerve block.

Objectives This study shows the development and validation of a dental anesthesia-training simulator, specifically for the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). The system developed provides the tactile sensation of inserting a real needle in a human patient, using Virtual Reality (VR) techniques and a haptic device that can provide a perceived force feedback in the needle insertion task during the anesthesia procedure.Material and Methods To simulate a realistic anesthesia procedure, a Carpule syringe was coupled to a haptic device. The Volere method was used to elicit requirements from users in the Dentistry area; Repeated Measures Two-Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), Tukey post-hoc test and averages for the results’ analysis. A questionnaire-based subjective evaluation method was applied to collect information about the simulator, and 26 people participated in the experiments (12 beginners, 12 at intermediate level, and 2 experts). The questionnaire included profile, preferences (number of viewpoints, texture of the objects, and haptic device handler), as well as visual (appearance, scale, and position of objects) and haptic aspects (motion space, tactile sensation, and motion reproduction).Results The visual aspect was considered appropriate and the haptic feedback must be improved, which the users can do by calibrating the virtual tissues’ resistance. The evaluation of visual aspects was influenced by the participants’ experience, according to ANOVA test (F=15.6, p=0.0002, with p<0.01). The user preferences were the simulator with two viewpoints, objects with texture based on images and the device with a syringe coupled to it.Conclusion The simulation was considered thoroughly satisfactory for the anesthesia training, considering the needle insertion task, which includes the correct insertion point and depth, as well as the perception of tissues resistances during the insertion.

Chitosan-Properties and Applications in Dentistry

Chitosan is a biopolymer that has a large wound management application and biological proprieties helping the organisms with fast healing stimulates the cell proliferation including bacteriostatic and fungistatic particularly useful for wound treatment and as a support material to tissue engineering The possibilities of application of chitosan are so huge and fascinating as well as not quite discovered Proprieties of chitosan like biocompatibility anti inflammatory and others could give promising results in periodontal care or wound healing after teeth extractions The aim of this work is to review possible applications of chitosan in dentistry area

Paediatric dentistry and the dental team

In the second of our series of articles focusing on specific areas of dentistry, Shaadi Manouchehri considers the complete team approach to child patient management.

The Use of Technologies for Teaching Dentistry in Brazil: Reflections from an Integrative Review

This article is an integrative review regarding the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) for teaching Dentistry. Thus, the article aimed to analyze papers that show the use of these technologies as resources and tools for learning. The stages in the elaboration of this integrative review were: establishing the guiding question and aims of the study, establishing the inclusion and exclusion criteria for articles, defining the research instrument and information to be extracted from the articles selected, results analysis, and discussion. For this, bibliographical data was collected from the SciELO, ColecionaSUS, and Periódicos CAPES databases in the search for articles published in the last five years, written in Portuguese, and containing the following keywords in Health Sciences: “education in dentistry”, “dentistry”, “dentistry informatics”, “distance learning”, and “education”, and which were related in context to the topic of study. Eleven articles were selected as the results, which were analyzed using the data collection instrument. It was concluded that the current technologies used as teaching resources and tools contribute as allies for improving ways of teaching and learning, particularly in the area of dentistry, in a way that makes courses more interactive and dynamic, and adding personal and technical skills to the profiles of the professionals trained.

Electrochemical Behaviour of Titanium Based Biomaterials in Artificial Saliva

In the last decade, new titanium alloys such as Ti6Al7Nb and Ti6Al7NbN have been developed in different areas of dentistry. It is known that mechanical/electrochemical interactions accelerate corrosion in implant alloys, and these interactions can be reduced by improving the modular component machining tolerances or by improving the corrosion resistance. The aim of this study was to compare the Ti6Al7Nb and Ti6Al7NbN alloys corrosion resistance in AFNOR artificial saliva. Due to the nitrogen diffusion, the Ti6Al7NbN alloy presents more pronounced grain structure than Ti6Al7Nb. In the electrochemical estimations the polarisation data were converted into instantaneous corrosion rate values (jcorr). The obtained passivation properties were comparable for both alloys. The EIS spectra were best fitted using an equivalent circuit (EC) which was consistent with the model of a two-layer structure for the passive film. The electrochemical and corrosion behaviour of Ti6Al7NbN increased the occurrence of the implant alloy�s electrochemical degradation.

Interprofessional enhanced skills training in periodontology: a qualitative study of one London pilot

OBJECTIVES/AIMS:Health Education England (HEE) London developed an innovative 2-year pilot educational and training initiative for enhancing skills in periodontology for dentists and dental hygienists/therapists in 2011. This study explores the perceptions and experiences of those involved in initiating, designing, delivering and participating in this interprofessional approach to training.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of key stakeholders including course participants (dentists and dental hygienists and/or therapists), education and training commissioners, and providers towards the end of the 2-year programme. Interviews, based on a topic guide informed by health services and policy literature, were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed based on framework methodology, using QSR NVivo 9 software to manage the data.RESULTS:Twenty-two people were interviewed. Although certain challenges were identified in designing, and teaching, a course bringing together different professional backgrounds and level of skills, the experiences of all key stakeholders were overwhelmingly positive relating to the concept. There was evidence of ‘creative interprofessional learning’, which led to ‘enhancing team working’, ‘enabling role recognition’ and ‘equipping participants for delivery of new models of care’. Recommendations emerged with regard to future training and wider health policy, and systems that will enable participants on future enhanced skills courses in periodontology to apply these skills in clinical practice.CONCLUSION:The interprofessional approach to enhanced skills training in periodontology represents an important creative innovation to build capacity within the oral health workforce. This qualitative study has provided a useful insight into the benefits and tensions of an interprofessional model of training from the perspectives of different groups of key stakeholders and suggests its application to other areas of dentistry.

A SYSTEM FOR MEASUREMENTS OF 3D SCANNED ORTHODONTIC STUDY MODELS

Plaster dental casts represent an important item in the process of diagnosis, therapy planning and documenting, both in orthodontics, as well as other areas of dentistry. Dental casts allow us to track occlusal contacts before the therapy as well as the changes during the growth and therapy. Although they do possess many positive features, due to the rapid advancements in technology, their negative sides have became more prominent leading to the more widespread use of digital 3D models as their replacement. In this paper, we present a web based system that allows us, after the casts have been scanned, to produce easily usable digital models, to store them and perform measurements on them. Performed measurements are suitable for futher processing and analysis.