New Developments In Area Research Articles

Internet-based psychotherapeutic interventions

Over the past few years, research and application of internet-based psychotherapeutic interventions has grown rapidly. This kind of new therapeutic format offers a variety of chances for treating patients with psychotherapeutic disorders, but also arouses skepticism and concerns. This overview focuses on different forms of internet-based psychotherapeutic interventions, reflects the current state of research, and points out new areas of development as well as its implementation in daily practice.

The Importance of Implementing Digitalization in Kazakhstan

Goals and objectives of the research – The goal of the article is to analyze the international experience in implementing digitalization, both in the private and public sectors of the economy. The objectives of the article are the analysis of the digitalization implementation algorithm in foreign enterprises and the adaptation of this algorithm for most Kazakhstani entrepreneurs, taking into account the specifics of doing business in Kazakhstan. Investigation of logical chain, which introduces digitalization in large world companies. It begins from the first department that has undergone digitalization to obtaining the final result from the process for the company. 
 Methodology – To solve the tasks set in the article we used system, logical, comparative-analytical methods. The provisions and conclusions are illustrated by statistical data presented in tables, diagrams, diagrams, accompanied by references to scientific literature and legal acts.
 Results/Findings – The conclusion is made about the importance of implementing digitalization in business, regardless of the size of the enterprise itself. The examples of digitalization implementation in foreign companies are analyzed. Based on the analysis of foreign experience, an algorithm for the introduction of digitalization for most businesses in Kazakhstan has been compiled.
 Novelty/Originality/Value – there are several factors that allow increasing digital technologies in all areas of industry in Kazakhstan. Digital technologies provide an incentive for the development of new areas in SMEs. This fact pushes to review legislation of the country and develop a transit direction in trade.
 Theoretical or Practical Implications – The digitalization implementation algorithms discussed in the article in foreign companies and the algorithm for domestic entrepreneurs can be used both to improve business strategies by company leaders and government agencies in Kazakhstan to create an internal development program and encourage the introduction of new technologies and digitalization in state enterprises.

Geospatial Analysis of Ambulance Station Coverage of the Acute Coronary Syndrome Incidents in Semey, Kazakhstan

BACKGROUND: One of the main causes of death is cardiovascular diseases. Among cardiovascular diseases ischemic heart disease is major a cause of death. Emergency medical service and ambulance play the key role in providing timely care.
 AIM: This study was carried out to investigate the coverage area of calls of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) by ambulance stations in regards to the time using GIS-analyze.
 METHODS: This was descriptive study which contains secondary data from Semey ambulance service’s database about all 1704 ACS with and without elevation of ST segment emergency calls in Semey city (Kazakhstan) over the period from August 1, 2017 to May 30, 2018. Spatial Analyst and Network Analyst Extensions of ArcGIS 10.7 (ESRI, CA, USA) were used to define high ACS density areas and find 10, 15, and 20 min time response areas. Kernel density tool calculates a magnitude-per-unit area from point or polyline features using a kernel function to fit a smoothly tapered surface to each point or polyline.
 RESULTS: The distance to the patient for ambulances was from 7 to 15 km. For most calls, the response time was <10 min, which is the recommended national standard for emergency care. Density zones were divided into seven categories from white (from 0 to 3.4 cases/km2) to red (from 59.9 to 86.1 cases/km2). The largest high-density area of ACS cases was located in central part of the city on right-bank of the river. Furthermore, high density of ACS cases was identified in the areas of high rise buildings on the left bank of the river.
 CONCLUSION: GIS tools are useful tool that can be implemented in planning of emergency medical service. In our study, we determined that the service areas of ambulance stations cover the needs of patients with ACS. But nevertheless, it is necessary to plan the ambulance care to nearby regions and villages. In addition, it needs to consider the development of new areas of city and patterns of emergency calls in planning.

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide: Potential roles in the pathophysiology and complications of cirrhosis.

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a ubiquitous neuropeptide with diverse functions throughout the organism. Most abundantly investigated for its role in several neurological disorders as well as in circadian rhythms, other fields of medicine, including cardiology, have recently shown interest in the role of PACAP and its potential as a biomarker. Timely diagnosis and treatment of cirrhosis and its complications is a considerable challenge for health services world-wide and development of new areas of research is warranted. Direct and indirect evidence exists of PACAP involvement in the cascade of pathological events and processes ultimately leading to cirrhosis and its complications, but its exact role remains to be determined. Studies have documented PACAP involvement in immune function, metabolism, local vasoconstriction and dilatation and systemic vascular decompensation and there is ongoing research of a possible role in liver reperfusion injury. Considering these reports, PACAP could theoretically exude influence on the disease course of cirrhosis through the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, chronic inflammation, fibrogenesis, vasodilation and reduced vascular resistance. The paucity of literature on the specific topic of PACAP and cirrhosis reflects complex mechanisms and difficulty in accurate measurements and sample taking. This does not detract from the need to further characterize and elucidate the role PACAP plays in the underdiagnosed and undertreated condition of cirrhosis.

TRAINING OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL PERSONNEL FOR THE INVESTMENT AND CONSTRUCTION COMPLEX OF RUSSIA (1960-1980)

The dynamics of the number of students and the financing of training specialists at higher education for the investment and construction complex of the Russian Federation in the context of the scientific and technological revolution, and the accelerated industrialization of construction production are analyzed. It is noted that in the IX five-year period (1971-1975) measures were implemented to ensure accelerated growth in the training of specialists with higher education in the construction industry and the opening of new construction universities in the areas of new development. The sizes of the decline in the training of builders in Russia at the turn of the 70-80s of the 20th century are revealed.

Система мер по снижению рисков и уменьшению опасностей бедствий в целях повышения экономической безопасности

The relevance of the study of a system of measures to reduce risks and reduce the risks of disasters is due to the diversity and increasing influence of threats and challenges of various nature in modern socio-economic conditions. At present, constant analysis and timely forecasts are required for timely adjustments and, in some cases, the development of new areas for risk assessment in order to implement national projects and government programs in the context of the beginning of the global economic recession. Successful implementation of the country’s socio-economic development strategy for the long term is impossible without a well-functioning life safety system that can withstand modern challenges of man-made, natural, fire, biological, social and other nature. Based on the results of this study, we propose a system of measures to reduce the risks and reduce the dangers of emergencies, fires, man-made accidents and other disasters, as well as to improve the economic mechanisms of a large company, economic entities and territories in General in the field of improving the safety of life. The concept of life safety is clarified and its comprehensive formulation is given. The causes of various hazards and threats are considered. Based on the theory of multidimensional observations, the state of the threat field is described, including a systematic multi-factor analysis of the sources of danger. A system of economic measures aimed at reducing the number and minimizing the consequences of disasters is proposed, which allows optimizing the distribution of financial, material, technical and other resources in the field of ensuring the safety of life.

Multidisciplinary Nature of the Psycholinguistic Discourse Neuroeconomics

Introduction. The article is devoted to the issues of multidisciplinary interaction in new scientific fields, which involve a wide variety of convergences, no matter how strange at first glance they may seem. One of these phenomena is the interaction of psycholinguistics and neuroeconomics.
 The goal. The article examines the transition of modern science to multidisciplinary discourse, which makes it necessary to conceptualize and possibly operationalize methods of psycholinguistics. The conceptualization of new areas of neuroeconomics, in a psycholinguistic context, presupposes a certain mental experience that includes, in addition to the processes of creating new concepts and contextual economic knowledge, also defining the role of interests, intentions, emotions in human economic activity.
 Methods. Multivariate analysis, comparative analysis, extrapolation.
 Results. It is proved that in recent decades the development of new areas of economic science, namely those related to the development of neuroeconomics, has significantly expanded the field of psycholinguistics. The production of new paradigms of economic theory, the formation of the corresponding definitions, objects requires the design and definition of them both in form and in content. It considers the need for a theoretical and orderly definition of the functional meaning of the psycholinguistic context of new definitions, the result of which can be a conceptual system for communication between specialists in various fields of science at the level of their professional understanding. It seems that the central issues in the psycholinguistic discourse of neuroeconomics have become the relationship between economics, psychology, linguistics and psycholinguistics. Such connection is undoubtedly of a multidisciplinary nature, which contributes to the deepening of the relationship between scientific thought, culture and language and became the impetus for understanding the nature of human cognition at a higher, multidisciplinary level of development of science. This is a necessary component for understanding the meanings and structure of concepts, terms and definitions, as well as communications at a higher scientific level.
 Conclusions. It is concluded that new areas of neuroeconomics such as behavioral economics, behavioral finance, emotional economics, psychological economics, have become areas of economic theory that, explicitly or implicitly, take into account the psychological characteristics of human perception and behavior in the process of economic activity. These definitions catalyze the theoretical integration of various scientific fields, and, above all, psycholinguistic science.

An analysis of competition in the banking sector of the City of Vladimir

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to the major competitive differentiators of banks, as well as the competitiveness assessment. Objectives. The article aims to develop indicators to assess the competitiveness of banking institutions, conduct a consumer assessment of the attractiveness of the bank, as well as identify leading institutions in the banking services market of the City of Vladimir. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of comparative analysis, and factorial and rating evaluation procedures. Results. The article presents certain methods for assessing the competitiveness in the banking sector. It identifies possible ways to improve the competitiveness of the banks assessed. Conclusions. Comprehensive assessment methods, including methods related to the study and analysis of competitiveness, should be used when forming new areas of development of banking institutions. This will help create an optimal portfolio of services provided and provide higher customer satisfaction. Implementing a timely assessment of the bank's competitiveness should be the basis for its further development and growth.

MORPHOFUNCTIONAL FORMATION OF THE SKIN AS AN ORGAN IN THE PROCESS OF ONTOGENESIS

The development of new areas of medicine requires more accurate visualization of the structural components of the skin of laboratory rats, their spatial distribution and dynamics of changes in the postnatal period. The study was carried out on male Wistar rats skin at different periods of postnatal ontogenesis. There is a gradual accumulation and development of skin derivatives in the skin in the postnatal period, as well as structures laid down in prenatal ontogenesis. In connection with the addition of new functions performed by the skin, qualitative and quantitative morphological and functional changes occur in it.

Empowerment of Farmer Community Group in Sampali Village Together with Students of Agriculture Faculty Medan Area University in Barangan Banana Plants Development with Tissue Culture Banana Seeds,Suckers and Applications of Mycorrhiza

Sampali Village is an agricultural area that is very suitable for banana planting. Various types of bananas found in the village include Barangan, Kepok, Molen, Raja and banana Nangka . Banana shoots from harvested mother plants are used for development in new areas. Banana seedlings from the suckers appear healthy, but often these suckers die after 1-2 months of planting in new areas. This is because these bananas have been infected with fungal pathogen wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporm f. sp cubense and Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebesensis causes of blood diseases. Both of these pathogens are the main cause of the low quality of banana seeds. The use of low-quality banana seedlings (sapling sources), high pest and disease attacks are the factors causing the reduced amount of banana planting land which results in low banana production in Sampali Village, Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency. Banana farmer groups in the village of Sampali have never used and planted banana seedlings that were propagated by tissue culture. The objectives of the activity were: 1. Socialization and practice of propagation of banana seedlings from sucker . Mycorrhizal inoculant application when planting seedlings in a polybag. To increase the knowledge of farmer group members and also the students of Agricukture Faculty,Universitas Medan Area the learning of banana propagation techniques is carried out in vitro at the Balai Benih Induk Hortikultura, Gedung Johor Medan . The method used to solve the above problems is the provision of material, the practice of making banana seedlings through the propagation of tillers and a visit to the Balai Benih Induk Hortikultura, Gedung Johor Medan. At the end of the activity, an increase in the knowledge and skills of participants in providing quality banana seeds is the source of banana propagation in the village Sampali

Assessing the Gully Potential of a Territory (A Case Study of Central Yamal)

Modern processes of gully erosion and thermoerosion are clearly pronounced in the permafrost zone in the north of Western Siberia, on the Yamal Peninsula, including in the territories of new development. Under these conditions, knowledge of the gully potential is necessary for the rational siting of buildings and infrastructure in the areas of new development in order to avoid their damage and destruction by newly formed gullies. The gully erosion potential was calculated for one of the valley catchments in the area of the Bovanenkovo gas condensate field. The dynamic model of gully erosion and thermoerosion (GULTEM) was used, which describes the main gullying processes in the permafrost zone and permits a reasonable assessment of the gully erosion potential. The calculations were done in terms of the ArcticDEM digital elevation model, climate data were obtained from the nearest node of the ERA-Interim reanalysis grid, and water discharges were calculated using the hydrological model calibrated with observational data on this catchment. The gully erosion potential was estimated for different values of the critical rate of erosion initiation for the upper soil layer with vegetation. The calculated gully erosion potential was compared with the erosion relief on the catchment. It has been established that the gully potential calculated for severely disturbed vegetation cover corresponds to the erosion network in the catchment area formed over more than 30 years of its development. It is concluded that the erosion potential of this catchment is mainly developed, with low probability of a further lengthening of the gully network. Therefore, only rill erosion can damage the infrastructure of the Bovanenkovo gas condensate field, mainly located on a flat watershed surface, the consequences of which are easily eliminated.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ НА МІЖНАРОДНОМУ РІВНІ СУСПІЛЬНИХ КОМУНІКАЦІЙ

Зазначено вагоме значення використання інформаційних технологій на сучасному етапі розвитку людства в усіх сферах діяльності. Їх застосування дозволяє значно підвищити ефективність виконання завдань які пов’язані з обробкою великих обсягів інформації, її зберігання, передачі, пошуку тощо. Впровадження та використання інформаційних технологій в діяльності органів внутрішніх справ дозволить підвищити результативність роботи. Розвиток та впровадження сучасних інформаційних технологій відбувається за багатьма напрямами, а розуміння їх застосування дозволить уникнути зайвих витрат і з більшою ефективністю впровадити їх у діяльність підрозділів внутрішніх справ. Зазначено, що вплив чинників як на макрорівні, так і на світовому рівні виводить систему з відносного її рівнозваженого стану та спонукає до прийняття рішень щодо виведення системи на новий рівень з відносно сталим станом. Таким чинником є світова пандемія, а інструментарієм для її подолання є новітні інформаційні системи та технології. Акцентовано на розвитку нових напрямів та технологій у світовій комунікації між різними сферами діяльності, також перспективним є застосування цифрових платформ, що надає низку можливостей. Наведено еволюцію правоохоронних органів та виокремлено макрорівневі тенденції, які визначають їх розвиток. Показано нововведення у практичній діяльності органів внутрішніх справ, що переводить процеси на більш високий технологічно-організаційний рівень завдяки використанню інформаційних технологій. Досліджено світові тренди у сфері розробки нових інформаційних технологій та з погляду корисності використання в органах внутрішніх справ надано їх послідовність. Пріоритетність у їх використанні можна подати так: аналітика великих даних, штучний інтелект, хмарні рішення, інтернет речей тощо. Також наголошено, що нагальні потреби сьогодення являють собою чинники розвитку новітніх інформаційних технологій, а інформаційна сфера набуває системоутворюючого значення для життя суспільства.

ЦІННІСНІ АСПЕКТИ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ЗРОСТАННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

У статті представлено результати дослідження економічного зростання підприємства за критерієм цінності. Вибір цього критерію зумовлено змінами якісних характеристик сучасного економічного зростання підприємства, які сьогодні визначаються як антропоцентричність, інтелектуалізація економічної діяльності, інноваційність процесів та результатів зростання, екологічність та необхідність узгодженості дій різних груп стейкхолдерів щодо реалізації своїх інтересів. Базуючись на онтологічних ознаках цінності, які імплементовано в економічний аспект її дослідження, економічне зростання підприємства визначено у контексті змісту його суб’єктно- об’єктної ціннісної природи.

Resilience of Arctic cities: an analysis of the approaches

«Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Науки о Земле» — научно-теоретический рецензируемый журнал, обобщающий результаты исследований в области геологии, гидрогеологии и геохимии, петрологии и экологии, ландшафтного планирования и геоморфологии, экономической и социальной географии.

Middle Eastern policy of the Russian Federation in the post-soviet period: Dynamics of development

The article is an overview of the main directions of the policy of the Russian Federation in the Middle East from 1991 to the present. Certain stages are identified when the transformation of the paradigm of the Middle East foreign policy and, accordingly, the change in the role of Russia in the regional arena took place. Various domestic and foreign policy factors are considered, which caused the loss of Russia’s influence in the countries of the region in the 1990s and early 2000s, but with the change in geopolitical realities, they lost their significance. This made it possible from the mid-2000s to begin the process of restoring ties with traditional Middle Eastern partners, simultaneously with the development of new areas of cooperation, in particular, with Israel and the monarchies of the Persian Gulf. The article also identifies strategic priorities that affect the nature of relations between Russia and such key countries of the region as Iran and Turkey as well as determine the dynamics of their development. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis and assessment of the geopolitical consequences of the policy of “active neutrality” in the early stages of the “Arab Spring”, which led to the weakening of bilateral relations with the countries of the Middle East and North Africa in addition to Russian positions in the region as a whole, and Russia’s armed intervention strategy within the current Syrian crisis. In conclusion, the author argues that there is a need for further development and diversification of contacts with the countries of the Middle East region in the formation of Russian foreign policy taking into account new trends in the world political and economic arena.

Социально-педагогические детерминанты формирования финансовой грамотности школьников

The article discusses the socio-pedagogical determinants of the financial literacy creation, factors external to the pedagogical theory and practice in the social structure, politics, ideology, economics, traditions of the general culture of the state and society, which affect the development of new areas of pedagogical activity in the field of financial education.

Reorganization of the “Peterhof ” State Museum-Reserve in the 21st century

The article reveals the content of the “Peterhof ” State Museum-Reserve’s stages of modernization in 2009–2020, analyzes the effectiveness of measures developed by the management of the museum-reserve to support new areas of development, and presents the stages of transformation of a linear management system to a multi-level museum complex. The basis for the article are reports and a number of program documents from the “Peterhof ” State Museum-Reserve, made available for scientific circulation for the first time. The key document of the analysis is the Concept of Development of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Culture “State Museum- Reserve” Peterhof “for the period 2012–2016, which formulates the main theses of the museum’s transition to a strategic planning system. Along with the preservation of traditional museum functions, in the practical activities of the Peterhof State Museum-Reserve special attention is paid to the innovations introduced in museum practices of the 21st century: creating a museum management system and museum policy in general, a system of external museum communications, a museum positioning system and organizing sustainable interaction with visitors. Relevant components of the concept “image of a modern museum-reserve” are revealed, which correlate with the practical activities of the departments and divisions of the museum under analysis. The author proposes and substantiates an innovative system of continuous visitor support, in which it becomes possible to effectively manage the interaction of the museum and the visitor. The most important economic result of the modernization of the museum-reserve is the formation of effective mechanisms that improve the work of the museum in the conditions of market relations and allow for the establishment of a stable system of interaction with visitors. The presented experience of the Peterhof State Museum-Reserve can become a guide for Russian regional museums-reserves when choosing directions for the development of museum complexes.

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ УНИВЕРСИТЕТОВ В ЦИФРОВОЙ НАУЧНО-ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЕ

The digitalization trend has fundamentally changed the operating conditions of modern universities and contributed to the formation of new market segments. The use of modern information technologies has made it possible to improve the manufacturability and individualization of educational and research processes, ensuring the achievement of a new quality of the digital scientific and educational environment. New areas of development of the digital scientific and educational environment based on the use of information technology capabilities include gamification technologies, virtual and augmented reality, robotics, cloud technologies, artificial intelligence, blockchain, virtual assistants and the use of social networks in education, research and innovation and other fields of activity. universities. At the same time, these technologies can be applied in the context of developing a software package and information and methodological support for the process of forming and developing sustainable competitiveness of employees of modern universities.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ МОБИЛЬНОСТИ БУДУЩИХ ЮРИСТОВ

Statement of the problem and purpose of the article. This article is devoted to the study of professional mobility of future legal professionals. The author notes that the high dynamism of the processes of information and economic development of the modern world provokes dramatic structural changes and the restructuring of public life and the economy in all countries of the world. The consequence of these processes is the emergence and intensification of the development of new areas and changes in the existing areas of professional activity of a modern lawyer, that causes significant mobile redistribution of professional segments in the labor market, the emergence of new requirements for specialists that are adequate to the requirements of the time in the field of professional activity. This determines the urgency of the problem of professional mobility for modern legal professionals, since professional mobility in the current environment is one of the important characteristics of a person»s interaction with the world of professions, professional activity, and professional development. The research methodology is the analysis and synthesis of research works of Russian and international scientists. There is a synthesis of approaches to the concept of “professional mobility”. Research results. Based on the study of theoretical approaches, factors are identified that contribute to development of professional mobility. It is also concluded that it is necessary to develop modern pedagogical science, since only the basics of readiness for professional mobility are formed in the university educational process. Conclusion. Only with mobility, dynamism, constructiveness, and a developed sense of responsibility success can be achieved in professional activities. The results of the work can be used as recommendations for preparing graduates for effective adaptation in the labor market.

ANTHROPOLOGY OF ZONALITY: NATURE AND CULTURE IN THE SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN ACTIVITY

The article is theoretical in nature and does not cover any particular region; however, the phenomenon of zonality is of particular relevance to the northern part of Siberia. The article draws a fundamental analogy be-tween the classical theoretical zonal model of Thünen and zoning models of various regions of the world (South-east Asia, Africa and the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Ugra in Russia). Zonality is usually perceived as a natural phenomenon — regularly and naturally alternating natural zones (tundras, taigas, steppes, etc.). Under the influence of changing natural conditions, human activity also changes to one degree or another. However, there are many cultural and human factors under whose influence a similar picture of regularly and naturally dif-ferentiated zones emerges. For example, it could be the centre and periphery, previously and newly developed zones, etc. These zones are differentiated not only from an economic point of view but also as complex phenom-ena including holistic, imperious, behavioural and other aspects. The article is aimed at expanding the standard use of the concept ‘zonality’, reconsider zoning as not only and not so much a natural phenomenon as a broad theoretical approach effective for comparative studies in anthropology, economic and social geography, history, economics, as well as other disciplines. The technique used in this study consists in the identification of similar features when modelling the geographical differentiation of processes of different nature. As a result, the author proposes a general conceptualisation framework for the concept ‘zonality’ as a universal phenomenon of spatially differentiated conditions for activities and the understanding of these conditions by people. The phenomenon of zonality can be observed when the geographical differentiation of any studied process is determined by a regular difference in a certain basic condition from place to place, which has a definitive effect on the development of the studied process. In the case of natural zonality, this is the distribution of solar radiation; in the case of economic zoning, cost of transportation often serves as the differentiating factor; in the case of areas of new development, the differentiating factor is the age of development.