Approaches In Public Administration Research Articles

Innovative Approaches in Public Administration: Strategies and Tools for Achieving Sustainability

"The study represents an attempt to comprehend the patterns and landscape of public management in the conditions of SDGs adoption and processes of their achievement. Existing models and approaches are analyzed and vectors of further developments in the field are outlined."

A Sustainable Post-Conflict Stabilization Framework: Applying Lessons from Afghanistan

ABSTRACT Post-conflict stabilization (PCS) is a governance endeavor that has traditionally relied on Old Public Administration (PA) approaches, and has implications for democratic sustainability. This research conceptually explores some of the root causes of PCS failure, its relation to PA, and how stabilization might be improved using New Public Service principles. A case analysis of Afghanistan’s stabilization efforts serves as a focusing event and provides lessons to justify the development of a framework for PCS that is based on inclusivity and sustainability. Finally, implications and recommendations for future research are provided to help refine this proposed framework.

Виды ценностных конфликтов при смене парадигмы государственной политики и управления

The purpose of the article is to study the types of value conflicts during the period of political transformation of the modern Russian state. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 809 dated 11/19/2022 "On Approval of the Foundations of State Policy for the Preservation and Strengthening of Traditional Russian spiritual and Moral Values" defines a priority direction for the development of public administration, which should be based on traditional values. At the same time, the transition from the existing situation to the new one will inevitably lead to a clash of liberal and neoliberal ideas with national values and traditional ideas. The author consistently studies the processes of changing the value paradigm in political and managerial decisions of the previous and modern era, namely the period from the collapse of the USSR in 1991 to the present. There is a tendency to repeat the value conflict of the early 90s in the Russian Federation, when socialist values in public administration were replaced by liberal values, and part of society was not ready for such a development. The hypothesis of this study is to search for the possibility of avoiding a value conflict similar to the conflicts of previous historical eras when carrying out evolutionary changes in public policy and management in the Russian Federation in the near future. Institutional and neo-institutional approaches are used, which are associated with value-rational and goal-oriented approaches in public administration. The SWOT analysis methodology is used to determine systemic changes in public administration. The theoretical and practical significance of the work lies in expanding knowledge about the role of values in the field of public policy and management and in solving the applied task of introducing traditional national values into political and managerial decisions, outlined in the decree of the President of the Russian Federation. The conclusions are the value aspect is a basis and root cause of the political process. The results include the characteristic of the Russian society from the value relation view and the description of the core trend of the public administration development in modern Russia.

APPLICATION OF PROGRESSIVE MANAGEMENT THEORIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MODERN UKRAINIAN MANAGEMENT MODEL

The importance of public management, especially in transitional systems or emergency situations, the problem of institutional adaptability to the realities of management has a priority basis. Of course, the development of a management approach in public administration should not be considered as a panacea, it also has quite fundamental limitations arising from the remaining rather serious differences between management in public and commercial organizations and the criteria for evaluating their performance. Thus, in public institutions, such a criterion, along with efficiency and effectiveness, is social justice, which has a valuable nature that goes beyond management.
 In addition, there is one fundamental difference related to the huge impact of politics on public administration, without taking into account public management turns into only a rather narrow set of management technologies, the application of which can have rather limited consequences. Traditional management was built only on the principles of bureaucracy, while modern management is oriented towards adaptive systems that can create innovations in response to today's challenges.

Public Administration Policy Innovation Towards the Realization of Good Public Policy Governance

The use of public policy to balance the interests of the public and government has not always worked well. The government's tendency to change or cancel some policies points to overlapping policies, a lack of innovation among public officers, and a low motivation to innovate. Consequently, a novel strategy that might offer significant support in resolving societal issues is needed. Describe and analyze policy innovation in public administration approach and policy innovation toward effective public policy governance was the aim of the research. The first qualitative approach was the methodology used. An academic literature review on public policy science was the method used to gather ideas pertinent to the study of public policy innovation. The collection of data was conducted by means of an examination of many sources and literature, including government records, printed and electronic media, journals, and publications pertaining to public administration and policy innovation. Policy innovation application is modeled by the use of NPS to apply innovative concepts. A method that allows the public the room to cooperate and be focused on performance development views the public in a holistic, compassionate, and humanist manner. 1) Support type; 2) Innovation management; and 3) Qualities in value application will lead to the realization of good public policy governance.

KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE DAVRANIŞSAL YAKLAŞIM VE BİRLEŞİK KRALLIK DAVRANIŞSAL İÇGÖRÜLER EKİBİ ÖRNEĞİ

Kamu yönetimi alanında insanı anlama çabası, davranışsal yaklaşımın kuramsal temelinin atıldığı 20. yüzyılda başlamıştır. Günümüzde bu yaklaşım kamu yönetiminde psikolojik bakış açısını kullanmanın politika uygulayıcılarına pratik fayda sağladığı düşüncesiyle tekrar gündeme gelmiştir. Kamu yönetimi alanında bu konudaki çalışmalar insan davranışlarını ve tutumlarını gözlemleyebilmek, ölçebilmek ve yönlendirebilmek amacıyla yapılan yönetsel uygulamalarla “davranışsal içgörüler” ekseninde sürdürülmektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmada davranışsal içgörülerin kamu yönetimi alanıyla ilişkisi davranışsal yaklaşımın alandaki tarihsel gelişimi üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada davranışsal içgörülerin kamu yönetiminde ilk uygulama birimi olan “Davranışsal İçgörüler Ekibi (Behavioural Insights Team)” örnek olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma bu ilişkide ekibin kuruluşu, uygulamaları ve dönüşümü esas alınarak davranışsal içgörülerin nasıl görünür hale geldiği sorusunu cevaplamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda ekibin kabine ofisinin bir alt birimi olarak örgütlenmesi, 2014’te ise alt birim olmaktan çıkıp şirketleşmesi dikkat çekicidir. Ancak Birleşik Krallık ekibin ortaklığını 2021’e kadar devam ettirmiştir. Ekibin geçirmiş olduğu bu değişimler içgörülerin kullanımında devletin yönlendiriciliğinin değiştiği sonucunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.

Innovative approaches to risk management in the field of public administration in Ukraine: prospects and limitations

Innovative approaches to risk management in the field of public administration in Ukraine: prospects and limitations

The influence of public administration science paradigm shift in its realization good governance

The emergence of the New Public Service is an approach in public administration that addresses the shortcomings of both the Old Public Administration (OPA) and New Public Management (NPM), particularly in the context of cultural change and good governance. Old Public Administration (OPA) focuses more on bureaucracy oriented towards rules and procedures but is less responsive to cultural changes and societal needs. On the other hand, New Public Management (NPM) emphasizes the use of business management principles in public administration but pays less attention to cultural changes and good governance aspects. In the context of cultural change, the New Public Service offers a more adaptive and responsive approach. This approach recognizes the importance of understanding and adapting to cultural changes within society to provide relevant and effective public services. Additionally, the New Public Service is closely related to good governance. This approach emphasizes values such as fairness, rule of law, public participation, and transparency. By incorporating the principles of good governance, the New Public Service strives to build a sound, efficient, and accountable governance system. In summary, the emergence of the New Public Service is a response to the shortcomings of OPA and NPM in addressing cultural changes and in the context of good governance. This approach combines adaptability to cultural changes with the application of good governance principles to ensure that public services provided by the government are responsive, fair, and transparent.

How Can One Create an Effective Management of Quality Culture in Public Institutions

The paper addresses the quality approach in public administration from a cultural perspective and presents: theoretical considerations on the “quality culture (QC)”; a review of the publications on cultural aspects in administrative institutions; the management process of QC in public institutions and the conclusion. As the publications’ review shows, the management of the QC must be a task of the top management in any administrative institution, to identify the factors that impede the effective functioning of the quality system and to make improvements. The paper aims to support decision-makers in this regard, by presenting solutions for a systematic and effective management of QC.

Public policy in the field of professional orientation as a tool for the social state development

Relevance. The relevance of the study is explained by the presence of a large number of shortcomings related to the sphere of professional orientation, which indicates the underdevelopment of the social state in Ukraine.Purpose. The purpose of this study is to examine the ways of developing public policy in the field of professional orientation as a tool for improving the social state in Ukraine.Methodology. The basis of the methodological approach in this study is interdisciplinary, which allows comprehensively considering issues related to ensuring normal conditions for the existence and development of society, without which it is impossible to determine with the necessary accuracy the strategy and procedure for state involvement in the implementation of necessary measures aimed at developing and implementing effective policies.Results. The results obtained in this study should be considered a confirmation of the productiveness of applying a public administration approach to examine the specific features of the development of public policy in Ukraine. The importance of using these tools for improving the social state was confirmed while examining the evidence.Conclusions. The findings of the study, and the conclusions formulated on their basis, have substantial value for researchers and specialists engaged in practical activities both in the field of public administration and professional orientation, who require new theoretical foundations to optimise their work.

The Impact of the SPS Agreement on Food Legislation of the Russian Federation

The paper analyzes the impact of the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures on the food legislation of the Russian Federation. The author investigated the main provisions of this Agreement, and then analyzed how the member States of the World Trade Organization use the rules under consideration in law enforcement activities. The implementation of this international act is aimed, on the one hand, at the ability of States to take measures to protect humans and animals, and on the other hand, to ensure uniform market requirements. The approaches of States to the implementation of international law rules may be different and may depend on many factors, for example, whether countries are importers or exporters of food. The difference in approaches is also observed between developed and developing countries, which is manifested in different opportunities to defend the interests of the state in the framework of WTO disputes. The analysis of legislation and judicial practice allowed the author to conclude that the agreement for the member States may have both limiting and generating positive consequences. At the same time, the European Union and the Russian Federation are going in opposite directions. The EU actively protects its markets both by developing food legislation and by participating in disputes under the WTO mechanisms, while Russia does not show proper activity in law-making and law enforcement. The provisions of the Agreement related to the academic substantiation of decisions taken by States, as well as the use of a risk-based approach in public administration of the food sector are also implemented in different ways. The EU is building a system of food legislation based on risk-based decision-making by Member States, as well as taking into account the updating of scientific data. Russian legislation presents an unsystematic set of regulatory legal acts that fix the minimum requirements for food products.

New public management and post-new public management paradigms

Over the past decades there has been a remarkable paradigm shift in Public Administration. Traditional Public Administration was in dire need for a change of a New Public Administration (NPA) approach in the 1980s. From early 2000s, the NPA began to be subjected to heavy criticism, which influenced public administration to take complete control of different reforms and approaches regardless of their diversity, complexity, hybrid and contradictory situations rather than offering the perfect approach and reform to the public sector. The New Public Management (NPM) and Post-New Public Management (Post-NPM) paradigms emerged in times whereby the NPA was already experiencing a massive deconstruction and reconfiguration of the public sector management. To scan and understand the remarkable paradigm shift in the field and practice of public administration, this study applies both NPM and Post-NMP to examine different views, principles, values and norms, and reform proposals for South African Public Administration. Methodologically, this study used qualitative research methods with the aid of secondary data to evaluate both the NPM and post-NPM paradigms, criticisms, arguments, challenges, and changes in public policy implementations. Recommendations are provided based on the existing challenges confronting the current public administration in South Africa. This study contributes to literature, new policy proposals and research within public administration.

Development of Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Public Administration: From The “Iron Cage” Bureaucracy to Digital Governance and Client-Centeredness

This article presents an analysis of classical (“Old Public Administration”, “New Public Management”, “Good Governance”) and relatively new approaches in public administration (E-government, Digital Public Administration, client-centered, process and project approaches). The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of each approach and explore how their combined use can lead to more effective delivery of public services. The study used the method of a systematic literature review of relevant scientific sources, followed by a comparative analysis of the key features and characteristics of each approach. The results of the analysis show that each approach has unique contributions and limitations, and their effectiveness depends on a number of contextual factors. Old Public Administration focuses on hierarchy, rules and procedures and is effective in ensuring administrative efficiency and accountability. New Public Management emphasizes market principles, such as results-based budgeting, decentralization and competition, and aims to improve efficiency, effectiveness. Good Governance emphasizes democratic values, transparency, accountability and citizen participation in decision-making processes. E-government and digital government approaches aim to use technology to improve the efficiency of government, accessibility and quality of public services. The customer-centered approach focuses on understanding the needs and preferences of citizens and providing customized services that meet their expectations. The process approach emphasizes the importance of systematic planning, implementation and evaluation of public policies and services to achieve the desired results. The project-based approach focuses on the use of project management principles, such as stakeholder engagement, risk management and performance monitoring, to implement complex public projects. The design and implementation of public policies and services must take into account the context, citizen needs and preferences, and broader societal interests. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous learning and adaptation in public administration to meet the changing challenges and needs of society. The study concludes that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to public administration, and a multifaceted approach is necessary for the effective and efficient functioning of the state apparatus.

КЛИЕНТООРИЕНТИРОВАННЫЙ ПОДХОД ДЛЯ ФИЗИЧЕСКИХ ЛИЦ ПРИ ПЕРЕМЕЩЕНИИ ТОВАРОВ ЧЕРЕЗ ТАМОЖЕННУЮ ГРАНИЦУ

The quality of the work of the customs authority is assessed by individuals moving goods across the customs border, based on: the conditions in which they expect the realization of their subjective rights and the duties assigned to them, interpersonal interaction with the official and the time they spend waiting for the service. In 2022, a declaration of Customer-centricity and 3 standards were developed: "The State for Citizens", "The State for Business", "For the Internal Client". The introduction of a client-centric approach in public administration in order to improve the quality of services requires the development of information systems, quality improvement in interpersonal interactions and the simplification of the interaction technology itself. In this article, we will analyze the development of a client-oriented approach in the interaction of customs authorities and individuals moving goods for personal use.

IMPLEMENTING CLIENT-CENTRICITY IN THE FIELD OF STATE SUPPORT FOR FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES

The article emphasizes the importance and relevance of using a client-oriented approach in public administration in the foreign economic sphere, including foreign trade state promotion. Attention was drawn to the fairly high level of readiness of the main institutions of the export promotion ecosystem to implement the principles and standards of client-oriented approach. Appliance of information system «One window» based on the Russian Export Center digital platform implemented in 2020 with client-oriented principles. Examples of individual measures of the implementation process in this area are given. The contribution to the client-oriented approach of the main actors in the export promotion ecosystem is formulated in general terms.

Professional Development Program for Civil Servants for Creation a Safe Educational Environment under Martial Law

The relevance of the article is determined by the need to train education managers – civil servants and officials of local self-government bodies – to work and manage the educational system in war conditions.
 The purpose of the article is a justification and development of a short-term professional development program for civil servants and officials of local self-government bodies regarding safety in education, creation of a safe educational environment.
 The research methodology of the article is a complex of scientific approaches that determined the content, methods and form of training: competence-based, axiological, systemic, risk-oriented approaches, public administration approach; approach for human rights. Research methods included analysis of theoretical sources, synthesis, modeling, oral interviews of educators, generalization of experience, and observation. Scientific novelty is substantiated by the content of the program and selection of approaches to learning. Practical significance is the development of a training program for civil servants and officials of local self-government bodies. 
 The results of the study are the content, forms and methods of teaching to solve the education problems under martial law in Ukraine, looking specifically atthe example of the Kharkiv region. The new problems of the education organization under the martial law were identified: technical, psychological problems of children and other participants during the educational process, material problems of educational institutions and families, which are necessary to resolve for effective educational process, lack of safety culture among the population, etcetera. 
 The conclusion is that the proposed program answers many questions, especially, for the Kharkiv region and Ukraine. Prospects for further research are expansion of the program’s content, taking into account the best foreign and Ukrainian experience.

Таможенный контроль в Арктической зоне Российской Федерации

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of customs control in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, which is positioned as a type of customs control. Based on the use of methods of com-parative and system analysis, systematization and classification, formal legal method, the author outlines the specifics of this control. Five features of such control, related to its legal regulation and correlation with other types of state control, the status of supervised persons, temporal characteristics, and the application of the customs procedure of a free customs zone, are identified. On the basis of the analysis of the legal regime of the Arctic zone, enshrined in the current legislation, the conclusion is made about the attribution of this regime to administrative regimes of territory management. Attention is drawn to the combination of spatial and status approaches in public administration in the regulation of entrepreneurial and other activities in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, as well as to the complex regime support of the management of this territory (the principle of “regime in regime”). It is concluded that there has been a certain transformation in the regulation of the territory in the conditions of increased sanctions pressure, which is reflected in the priorities of import substitution through the development of domestic technologies and cooperation with Asian countries. From the perspective of the prospects of the development of the Arctic zone as a national priority for the socio-economic development of the country, it is proposed to systematically regulate the administrative procedures for customs control, ensuring the full functioning of the Northern Sea Route.

Мышление «дедлайн» Си Цзиньпина в государственном устройстве

The paper shows the necessity of using the “deadline” thinking approach in public administration, supported by the facts of the state of the current international situation and the internal factors that are developing in Chinese society. The challenge of this paper is to reveal the essence of Xi Jinping’s “deadline” thinking approach in governmental organization. The aim of the study is to discuss Xi Jinping’s current public policy as an example of a productive manifestation of “deadline” thinking in political decision-making. The article uses theoretical research methods (analysis, synthesis) and presents structured material – the experience of using Xi Jinping’s “deadline” thinking in the state structure. It is demonstrated that in governing China, due to “deadline” thinking, the formation of a strategy for building socialism with Chinese specificity on the basis of overcoming complex domestic and international situations is actively taking place. The relevance of using this type of thinking is justi-fied by Xi Jinping as a struggle against negative manifestations in Chinese society, which are obstacles in building socialism with Chinese specificity – corruption, weak scientific and technological potential, factors threatening public security. Such a bottomline (deadline) concept, according to Xi Jinping, will strengthen the Party’s performance and enhance its legitimacy. As part of his activities, Xi Jinping also makes proposals, spe-cific and targeted – the fight against bureaucracy and formalism, setting the level of official morality, tightening party discipline, and preventing criminal violations within parties. One of Xi Jinping’s strengths is not only dis-cussion, but also concrete proposals for reform of the economic system, reform of the ecological system, re-form of the political system, and reform of the social and cultural system.

Cultures of accountability: On the intersection of accountability, media and popular reality

This article proposes the concept of ‘cultures of accountability’ as a way to think about the intersection between media, accountability and popular reality. Noting concerns regarding the emergence of accountability as a cultural keyword, I identify schisms in the deliberation of accountability between an ‘administrative’ and ‘redactive’ formation and explore their interaction and coexistence. Building a bridge between the public administration, journalism studies, media studies and cultural studies literatures, the article posits a more complicated picture of the operation of the ‘media’ in accountability debates and invites analysis and discussion of the communicative and discursive conditions of accountability. Journalistic discourse and practice forms not only a site of encounter between different cultures of accountability but also a forum for discussion of cultural expectations surrounding accountability. Critically revisiting the ‘watchdog’ conception of the news media, the article argues for approaches to journalism open to the yoking of public administration, media accountability and cultural studies approaches and greater awareness of different cultures of accountability.

INTERNATIONAL AND RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE IN APPLYING EVIDENTIAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS IN THE SPHERE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: ISSUES OF CONTINUITY IN SECTORAL BALANCE

The article provides an analytical review of modern international practices in the development and practical implementation of an evidence-based approach in public administration. A brief description of the evidence-based approach, prerequisites, as well as the first (pioneer) practices of applying its elements to achieve sustainable development goals and leveling barriers in socially significant areas is given. The cases formed to date on the implementation of evidence-based public policy in a number of developed countries are considered. It is suggested that, given the accumulated international experience, there is a possibility of using evidence-based public policy tools for the purposes of sectoral balancing. Confirmation of this hypothesis is carried out through the prism of the industry. The Russian Federation is cited as a recipient country, as one of the largest world powers, the industrial sector of which, like in many other countries of the world, is in conditions of uncertainty and episodic imbalance. It is indicated that in view of the constantly changing conditions for the functioning of industrial enterprises, it is important to constantly evaluate the effectiveness and, as a result, adjust the measures of state support for industrial enterprises in order to maintain the "health" of the entire sector. It is postulated that for a long period of time in many countries of the world, in particular in Russia, there was a “rational-intuitive” approach to public administration, which is inappropriate in the new reality. The possibility of replacing this approach with an evidence-based approach is considered, examples of successful practices in the application of evidence-based policy tools in the field of public administration are presented, in particular, in the context of evaluation (audit) measures of the results obtained; special attention is paid to the approach adopted in the UK. The alternatives of their use for further improvement of state support for industrial enterprises that are forced to conduct their activities in conditions of uncertainty are specified.