Agrobiological Characteristics Research Articles

Закладка виноградника на основе принципов энерго-ресурсосбережения

Abstract. The article contains materials that form the basis of a feasibility study (FS) for laying a vineyard (from planting to fructification), developed according to the principle of energy and resource conservation provided for in the project assignment. The project documentation is being developed in order to optimize the complex of sequential technological operations and production processes aimed at creating a sustainably functioning viticultural economy. The general principles of energy and resource conservation include: the latest achievements of science and best practices in the field of viticulture, rational use of land funds, thanks to preliminary soil surveys, optimized varietal composition, design of plantings and compact placement of arrays with the prospect of irrigation, reduction of energy losses to the level of operationally unavoidable, the use of highly concentrated, complex agrochemicals and methods of their application, the availability of appropriate infrastructure, design estimates optimized with the prospect of improvement and modernization (energy and resource-saving object estimates), planned economic productivity of plantations, measures to maintain the economic fertility of soils corresponding to the biological requirements of grape culture, which determines the stability and productivity of perennial plantations. Methodological approaches and current methods, publications of a recommendatory nature used for the development of a feasibility study are indicated. The successive stages of the development of project documentation are considered, the techniques that contribute to reducing the costs of production processes are outlined. The recommended regionalized and promising assortment of grapes for the formation of highly productive stable ampelocenoses ensuring stable highly profitable functioning of enterprises of the grape-growing industry in the Krasnodar region is presented and justified. The recommended current varietal composition of plantings is compiled taking into account the edaphoclimatic conditions of the design object, the agrobiological characteristics of grape varieties, as well as taking into account current global trends in the organization of a sustainably functioning highly efficient industrial enterprise for the production of viticulture products. Keywords: ampelocenosis, project assignment, long-term planning, varietal policy, energy and resource conservation

Agrobiological Characteristics of Different Varieties of Corn Grown in Rainfed Farmed Conditions of Zakatala and Their Role in Breeding

Effective norms of nutrients on agrobiological features of regionalized corn variety samples in mountain-forest soils of Zakatala region have been determined. The role of each structural indicator as a starting material in productivity formation and selection research has been considered.

Prospects for Enhanced Growth and Yield of Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) Using Organomineral Fertilizers for Reclamation of Disturbed Forest Lands in European Part of Russia

This article presents the results of research on the use of a new granular organomineral fertilizer for growing plants of half-highbush cultivars of the lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.). The purpose of the research is studying the effect of a new granular organomineral fertilizer on the agrobiological characteristics of V. angustifolium plants on a peatland in the conditions of the north of the European part of Russia. The developed composition of organomineral fertilizer (NPK 8:8:8, Fe 0.5%, Zn 0.2%, Cu 0.4%) differs from existing fertilizers in a more balanced ratio of micro- and macroelements and the content of vermicompost containing spore forms of bacteria Bacillus subtilis H-13, B. mucilaginosus, and Azotobacter chroococcum. The use of a new organomineral fertilizer on high-moor peat (pH 2.9) contributed to the highest yield of V. angustifolium fruits (190.2 g/bush), which is 1.2 times more than other mineral fertilizers (NPK, etc.). The best morphophysiological indicators of V. angustifolium plants (leaf area, total and working surface of the roots, root weight) when using the developed organomineral fertilizer were noted in September. An increase of 1.2–1.3 times in the collection of dry matter and sugars in fruits was revealed, compared with other fertilizer options, while the vitamin C content practically did not change. New organomineral fertilizer contributes to the optimal supply of the necessary micro- and macroelements throughout the growing season and increases the productivity of V. angustifolium plants when growing depleted peat deposits in the natural and climatic conditions of the European part of Russia.

Comparative characteristics of the durum wheat newest samples based on a complex of agrobiological characteristics

In 2020–2022 at the Dagestan experimental station of the VIR branch 30 samples of durum wheat of different ecological and geographical origins (Russia, Austria, Mexico, Syria, Egypt) were studied under irrigation conditions under winter sowing. The k-66674 Odari, k-67482 Yarina (Krasnodar Territory) and k-32453 Derbentskaya Chernokolosaya (Republic of Dagestan) varieties were sown as standard samples. Over three years of study, a field and laboratory assessment were given for the following characteristics: length of the growing season, resistance to fungal diseases (powdery mildew, brown and yellow rust) and lodging, grain weight per unit area (1 m2), weight of 1000 grains, number of grains in one ear and the mass of grain from one ear. The varieties are recommended as sources of breeding valuable traits (earliness, productivity, large grain size) for further use in breeding and genetic programs for the creation of new adaptive varieties.

Origin and agrobiological characteristics of variety of soft winter wheat Eurasia

Origin and agrobiological characteristics of variety of soft winter wheat Eurasia

Metods for creating salt – tolerant long – grin varieties in Karakalpakstan

The article presents the results of breeding methods for creating salt-tolerant long – grain rice varieties. For this purpose, collection samples and the best varieties of rice from different ecological and geographical zones were studied according to agrobiological characteristics in comparison with the zoned ultra-early ripening long – grain varieties “Sanam”. After a comprehensive study and comprehensive assessment in the field conditions, ultra-early ripening long-grain forms with positive traits and properties were identified. These selected varieties were assessed far salt tolerance in laboratory conditions during the seed germination phase in an artificially created 1.5% solution (NaCl) of sodium chloride. A high concentration of sodium chloride has an adverse effect on germination rates and seedling size. At high concentrations of saline solution, these indicators sharply decrease in all studied varieties. However, such a decrease, depending on the genotypic characteristics of the variety samples, does not occur to the same extent. Under saline conditions, the characteristic differences between the characteristic of the seedling and the root system changes greatly. The growth and formation of roots was particularly inhibited compared aboveground part of the seedlings. Changes in the performance of the root system in a saline environment for the better can be considered adaptive properties to stressful salinity conditions. Based on the study of germination and seedling parameters, the most salt-tolerant varieties were identified, including Almaz; D-42 (D-11) 35-05-2); D-134 (D-34) (D-143); D-61 (K-316) Viktoriya). These varieties successfully overcome the adverse effects of high concentrations, of sodium chloride solution.

АГРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА РАЗЛИЧНЫХ СОРТОВ КЛЕВЕРА ЛУГОВОГО В УСЛОВИЯХ РСО-АЛАНИЯ

The paper presents the results of research on the formation and comparative agrobiological characteristics of meadow clover. The object of research was various varieties of meadow clover of domestic breeding. The clover variety, Daryal, served as a control. During statistical data processing, the best samples were compared with the standard. Clover varieties were also evaluated according to a set of economically valuable characteristics in order to identify hay-pasture-type varieties. The plants were sown in a wide order and individually in a row. The direct dependence of the formation of meadow clover seeds on weather conditions is noted. On the plants of the studied varieties of meadow clover, from 41.3 to 44.1 pieces of flowers are formed. At the same time, the number of seeds formed was 21.4-27.8 pcs./plant. The highest rates of contamination were observed in the Kotlasky local variety – 64.9%. Based on the consideration of seed productivity, it was revealed that the Niva, Onyx and Farn varieties of the second year of life exceeded the standard Daryal variety by 11.9-13.4%. Also, in solving the problem of feed protein, the biological capabilities of perennial legumes are of great importance, the cultivation of which allows you to reduce the cost of nitrogen fertilizers, while obtaining high yields of good quality. Meadow clover crops annually accumulate about 150 kg/ha of nitrogen in the process of symbiosis. As shown by the analysis of the effectiveness of legume-rhizobial symbiosis, the number of active nodules exceeded the number of inactive ones in both the first and second years of life. On average, the number of active nodules on clover roots in the first year of use amounted to 165-237 pcs./rast., in the second year of life 217-279 pcs./rast.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ СЕЛЕКЦИОННОЙ РАБОТЫ ПО СОЗДАНИЮ БЕССЕМЯННЫХ СОРТОВ ВИНОГРАДА ВО ВНИИВиВ ИМЕНИ Я.И. ПОТАПЕНКО

In the grape assortment of the industrial viticul-ture zone of Russia, there are few seedless varie-ties suitable for growing in an uncovered crop and obtaining marketable fresh and dried grapes, high-quality wine. Biologically and technologi-cally plastic seedless grape varieties that produce high-quality products are in great demand by production and consumers. The article discusses the agrobiological characteristics of seedless grape varieties bred in All-Russian Research Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking, obtained as a result of interspecific crosses: Zolotse, Kivin, Cocktail, Pamyati Smir-nova, Shayan, Elf and Yarushka. Among these varieties according to the results of the study, the most winter-hardy ones were identified − Yarushka and Elf. Varieties of Pamyati Smirno-va, Cocktail, Zolotse are identified as sources of resistance to fungal diseases. High rates of seed-lessness (II and III categories) had the varieties: Kivin, Yarushka and Cocktail. The conducted studies allow us to recommend varieties for fresh consumption: Zolotse, Kivin, Pamyati Smirnova, Yarushka; for production of dried products: Zolotse, Kivin, Cocktail, Elf and Yarushka; for wine production all except of Pamyati Smirno-va. They all are recommended for cultivation in the 6th region (North Caucasus) without winter covering.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ ПОТОМКИ СОРТА ВИНОГРАДА ПЛАТОВСКИЙ

Сreation of new, well adapted to the limiting factors of the natural environment, high-quality grapevine varieties is relevant and contributes to the implementation of a new federal project "Stimulating the development of viticulture and winemaking in Russia". The article consid-ers the agrobiological characteristics of white technical hybrid forms of grapevine bred by ARRIV&W − branch FSBSI FRARC – off-springs of Platovsky variety – a donor of valu-able traits. Based on the results of agrobiologi-cal and uvological studies, the ripening dates of berries were determined, the most winter-hardy ones were identified − Izumrud, Muscat Pla-tovsky, Nectariу and 2-16-5-9; productive − 2-15-4-9 and Muscat Platovsky; on the high yield of juice - 2-15-4-6 and 2-16-2-3. High-quality wines were obtained from hybrid forms Izumrud, Nectariу, 2-15-4-9. The conducted studies made it possible to recommend 2-15-4-6, 2-15-4-9, 2-16-5-9 and 11-28-4-4 for further study with subsequent transfer to the State testing and use in breeding as initial forms of valuable traits. Izumrud and Nectariу have been transferred to the State Test, and Muscat Platovsky is being prepared for transfer in 2023.

Agro-biological Characteristics and Biochemical Parameters of Purple Waxy Corn [Zea mays (L.) var certaina] in Son La Province, Vietnam

Background: Local purple waxy corns, biocompound activity and nutrition content good for health, are growing from different districts and altitude of sea level in Sõn La province with various characters. It is essential for evaluation of agro-biological characteristics and nutritional composition of local purple waxy corns was to find out which is the best and suitable for rejuvenlination, market and production in Son La province. Methods: Field experiment was conducted following scientific principle of agricultural research and designed with random completed block design (RCBD) with three replications, a 20 m2 block area. Observations and quality analysis of main traits of 12 purple local waxy corns were analyzed in summer season of 2022. Result: Results showed various data of agro-biological characters, yield and biochemical kernel characters of twelve local purple waxy corns. SM8 local purple waxy corn variety showed the best agro-biological characters such as soluble protein 6.25 mg/g, total phenol 4.12 mg/g, chlorophyll stable index 89.5%, yield about 3.96 tons/ha, quality grain with starch content 68.63%, protein content 8.53% and anthocyanin content 315.03 mg/100 g. This variety can be a good option for the farmers to produce a variety with higher yield and good agro-biological characteristics.

The Nectariy grape cultivar for the northern zone of Russian industrial viticulture

The domestic assortment of fruit and berry crops should include new varieties with high biological plasticity, group resistance against adverse environmental conditions, different ripening duration, and sufficiently high quality of the final products. These requirements are highly relevant in grape breeding. Nektariy, a new grape сultivar of interspecific origin, was admitted to state testing in 2021. This cultivar was created at Y.I. Potapenko All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking under the state task for cultivation in the northern zone of industrial viticulture of Russia and for production of high-quality Muscat wine of various types. The studies were carried out according to conventional ampelography methods. The Nektariy agrobiological characteristics include the following: a cultivar of industrial purpose with an early ripening period. During the 2018–2022 period, the production period lasted, on average, 115 days under the effective heat sum of 2501°C. Nektariy is characterized by high winter hardiness and the budburst percentage from 84 to 100. Under the negative temperature sum of 586°C and the absolute minimum temperature of minus 24.6 °C, 49 % of live buds was registered. The number of fruiting shoots comprised 90–98 % under the fruiting coefficient of 1.4. On average, the yield per plant was 5.9 kg on a single-plane trellis under the planting scheme of 3×1.5 m. The cultivar ampelographic description is as follows: androgyne flower, cylindro-conical bunches of medium density weighing on average 153 g. The knot is very short, green, sometimes woody, green ridge. The berry is rounded, greenish-yellow, with an intense pruinous stain, with an average weight of 1.9 g. The flesh is juicy with a muscat aroma. In order to create a passport of the cultivar, the Nektariy leaf blade was measured in terms of 33 parameters using the SIAMS Mesoplant soft ware for analyzing the morphology and structure of plants. This cultivar is characterized by a high accumulation of sugars up to 29.3 g/100 cm3 under a moderate acidity of 5.8 g/dm3 . The resistance to major fungal diseases is high, which allows this cultivar to be used in breeding as a donor of resistance genes to mildew. The shoot growth strength is medium; shoots mature well. The affinity with rootstock varieties is high. The tasting score of dry wine and liqueur wine averages 8.65 and 8.8 points, respectively, on a ten-point evaluation scale. The cultivation of Nektariy grape is economically efficient due to low expenditures associated with uncovered cultivation and disease protection measures. Nektariy is used for the production of high-quality Muscat wine with the profitability 140 %. Nektariy is recommended for uncovered cultivation in wine-making Russian regions with an absolute minimum of winter temperatures up to minus 26 °C.

Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Nepeta transcaucasica Grossh. and Nepeta cataria L. Cultivated in Bulgaria and Their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity.

The genus Nepeta, belonging to the family Lamiaceae, includes about 300 species, most of which are used in folk medicine due to their pronounced biological properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the agrobiological characteristics of Nepeta transcaucasica (N. transcaucasica) Grossh. and Nepeta cataria (N. cataria) L., cultivated in Bulgaria, and obtain their essential oils and determine their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The agrobiological characteristics of the two species growing in Kazanlak were analyzed; therefore, high variability in the population of N. transcaucasica and comparative homogeneity in N. cataria was shown. The species N. transcaucasica contained 0.28% essential oil with main components β-citronellol (52.05%), eucalyptol (7.34%), β-citronellal (6.06%), germacrene D (5.45%), (Z)-β-ocimene (5.14%), and β-caryophyllene (3.06%). The species N. cataria consisted of 0.19% essential oil with main components β-citronellol (26.31%), geraniol (15.92%), neral (11.45%), nerol (9.56%), carvacrol (6.04%), and β-citronellal (5.35%). The antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Abony was determined. The essential oils showed antimicrobial activity only against E. coli. The diameters of the inhibition zones were found to be 26 mm for the species N. transcaucasica and 10 mm for the species N. cataria. The antioxidant activity of the two essential oils was also determined by four different methods, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC, with the highest values for the ABTS radical, for the species N. transcaucasica (48.72 μM TE/mL), and the species N. cataria (310 μM TE/mL).

Study and Agro-Biological Characteristics of Almond Varieties and Forms Grown in Julfa District of Nakhchivan

In the article, the distribution areas of varieties and forms of almonds cultivated on the territory of the Julfa region were studied, phenological observations of the identified varieties and forms were carried out, promising varieties and forms were selected, seed material was collected and collected. grown in the Botanical Garden. Pomological features of some promising varieties and forms are also given. For the first time, it was found that 7 varieties and 2 forms of almonds grow in the Julfa region. 2 forms were discovered for the first time and named Jamaldin-1 and Arafsa-2 according to the area where they are located. According to the observations carried out on the territory of the Julfa region, depending on the distribution areas of varieties and forms of almonds, their flowering lasts from the first decade of March to the second decade of April. Depending on the variety, the fruits ripen from August to the end of September. The parameters of the trees were 3–4 m depending on the variety, the width of the crowns was 2.5–3.0 m, the length of annual trunks was 20–40 cm.

Screening of sweet and grain sorghum genotypes for green biomass production in different regions of Kazakhstan

As the impact of global climate change increases, the interaction of biotic and abiotic stresses increasingly threatens current agricultural practices. The most effective solution to the problem of climate change and a decrease in the amount of atmospheric precipitation is planting extremely drought-resistant and high-yielding crops. Sorghum can grow in harsh conditions such as salinity, drought and limited nutrients, also it is an important part of the diet in many countries. Sorghum can be introduced in many zones of Kazakhstan. Plant height and yield of green plant biomass of 16 sorghum samples in arid conditions were determined based on a set of agrobiological characteristics for field screening. The height of the studied samples of grain sorghum was 0.47 ±0.03 m, and the height of sweet sorghum was much longer, reaching up to 2.88 ±0.12 m. Also, there was a strong difference in green biomass in cultivated areas under different soil and climatic conditions, the green biomass of sweet sorghum was 3.0 Mg∙ha –1, and in grain sorghum, it reached up to 57.4 Mg∙ha –1. Based on the data of the field assessment for various soil and climatic conditions, the following samples were identified for introduction into production: samples of sweet sorghum for irrigated and rainfed lands of the Almaty Region and in the conditions of non-irrigation agriculture of the Aktobe Region – a promising line ICSV 93046. For non-irrigation agriculture of the Akmola Region, genotypes of sweet and grain sorghum are ‘Chaika’, ‘Kinelskoe 4’ and ‘Volzhskoe 44’.

Assessment of agro-biological characteristics and aurantio-obtusin contents in seeds of some samples of Senna tora L. grown in Hanoi

This study was carried out on 11 Senna tora L. samples grown in different ecological areas in Thanh Tri, Hanoi in 2021. These samples are used for assessment of agronomical characteristics, yield component, and aurantio-obtusin contents. The experiment was arranged in sequence with no replication. The experimental plot area was 50 m2, planting distance was 40x40 cm. The results showed that the plant height varied from 123.6 to 233.2 cm, the average number of firm fruits/plants varied from 253.4 to 464.0 fruits, the average number of seeds/fruits varied from 18.1 to 30.1 seeds, and the weight of 1,000 seeds reached 8.63 to 21.70 g. The individual yield of Senna tora L. samples varied from 33.2 to 108.6 g/plant. The promising varieties in term of yield are TQM 1 (108.6 g/plant), TQM 6 (55.6 g/plant), and TQM 4 (54.8 g/plant). The aurantio-obtusin content in the seeds of the Senna tora L. samples varied from 0.06 to 0.27%. Amongst them, the aurantio-obtusin content of TQM 11 is the highest (0.27%), followed by TQM 10, TQM 8, TQM 4, TQM 3, TQM 1 and TQM 2 (0.15 to 0.24%), and the rest of samples reached 0.06-0.09%.

Оцінка врожайних та адаптивних властивостей нових сортів пшениці м’якої озимої

Goal. To determine the productivity and assess the adaptability of soft winter wheat varieties and to identify the genotypes most adapted to the agroecological conditions of the microzone, which are capable of producing a high yield under favorable conditions and minimally reducing it under dry conditions. Methods. Field, laboratory, comparative, statistical, calculation, and analysis. Results. The non-stability of productivity indicators over the years was established, which was due to the contrast of weather and climate conditions in the most important periods of the ontogenesis of winter wheat. Under different variable conditions and the action of abiotic factors of the environment, the investigated varieties had different agrobiological characteristics and differed in productivity and adaptability. The most adapted to the extreme conditions of the microzone were the varieties Feofaniya, Nordika, SN Combin, Mudrist Odeska, and Nasnaha. Their performance exceeded the performance of the standard variety and the averages in the experiment. It was established that each variety was characterized by a certain genetic level of drought resistance. According to this property, the studied varieties can be divided into 3 groups. When evaluating the adaptive properties of genotypes, the tolerance of plants to drought becomes an important feature, and the drought and heat resistance index is one of the main factors in the selection of varieties for certain microzones and territories. Differentiation of genotypes by winter and frost resistance was noted. It was the best among the varieties Podolianka, Askaniiska, Nasnaha, Obriad, Nordika, and Mudrist Odeska. The majority of studied varieties belonged to above-average and high groups of winter hardiness. Conclusions. Genotypes with the greatest degree of adaptation to the conditions of the subzone were identified. Feofaniya, Nordika, SN Combin, Nasnaha, and Mudrist Odeska varieties can maximize their genetic potential and natural capabilities in the forest-steppe zone of the Southern part of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe, based on a combination of productivity, adaptability, and agronomic value. They have the prospect of becoming the basis of the varietal composition for agricultural enterprises and farmers of the zone.

Agrobiological characteristics of ancient and newest varieties of durum wheat from Italy in the conditions of the Southern Dagestan coastal zone

In 2018-2020, at the Dagestan Experimental Station (it is a branch of All-Russian Institute of Plant) under irrigation conditions during winter sowing were studied 350 modern and ancient varieties of durum wheat from Italy in accordance to the most important economically valuable characteristics. The varieties Maristella, Trentino, Obelix, Messapia, Dorato, VZ 567 with a productivity of more than 700 g/m2, Maristella, gerardo VZ-466, Messapia, Obelix with an early heading period and a yield of more than 690 g/m2 have been identified. Varieties are recommended as sources of short stature (less than 85 cm) and resistance to lodging (9 points) k-58224 and Synilo, respectively. Large grains (weight of 1000 pieces more than 55.0 g) were possessed by varieties k-26245, k-58224, k-21813 and k-53007. Varieties gerardo VZ-466, Obelix along with high productivity showed high field resistance to all studied diseases (powdery mildew, brown and yellow rust) and to lodging. The optimal combination of breeding and valuable traits was found in the gerardo VZ-466, Obelix, Dorato varieties.

Technology of cultivation of annual Alexandrian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum)

The article discusses the results of research on a new technology we developed for the cultivation of an annual crop of Alexandrian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), which includes a method of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with different terms and methods of sowing. Recently, along with agrotechnical measures to stabilize crop production, there is a need to cultivate non-traditional crops that are useful for human nutrition and health, and not the least role in this process is played by annual legumes. The short vegetation cycle and the intensive rate of crop formation allow them to be cultivated in repeated crops in places with favorable bio-climatic potential. Annual forage grasses have a variety of uses and purposes. In the zone of sufficient moistening, these are good fallow-grown crops. Annual legumes play an important role in creating a strong fodder base: in the summer, they are the main source of green feed production, they serve for the preparation of hay, haylage, silage, concentrated feed in the form of grass flour, cutting, full-fledged briquettes and pellets; annual legumes can also be used as a concentrated feed in the form of grain. Harvesting grasses in the early phases of the growing season and with multi-crop use with the use of artificial drying makes it possible to obtain a feed that is not inferior in total caloric content to oats and barley, and in protein content is significantly superior to them. Annual grasses are very diverse in terms of their agrobiological characteristics: they are widely used as preliminary crops on indigenous improvement lands and as links in the pasture conveyor. Our research conducted over four years (2017-2020) revealed that pre-sowing treatment of seeds of Alexandrian clover double and triple mixtures of PABA, the krezatsinom and infusion of chicory (against the background of preliminary stratification) provides low-cost, environmentally friendly way of pre-sowing stimulation of seeds of Alexandrian clover with simultaneous northering, adaptation, and selection of the best species for use in a specific region. Sowing clover for seeds is advantageously carried out with a width of 50 cm row spacing and seeding rate of 6 kg/ha. The optimal sowing date is beginning of March and the first week of September.

Study on the biochemical indicators of carrot varieties and their scientific and practical importance in the preparation of juice in industry

In this article, agrobiological characteristics of local and foreign carrot varieties, their chemical composition, the method and recipes of juice preparation, the importance of homogenized and non-homogenized methods in juice extraction, the determination of tannin in the raw materials using a 3% iron (III) chloride solution, and its industrial importance in the preparation of various juices, information on the determination of total carbohydrate and acid content of juice using refractometer and saccharometer and pH meter equipment is given. Also, scientific and practical results and conclusions on the technological scheme and technology of preparation of “Parkhezbop”, “Popular”, “For children” with addition of special ingredients (ginger, natural honey, lemon juice) are described.

STUDIES OF THE MASS OF ADHERING SOIL ON ROOT CROPS

Adherent soil on dug root crops significantly reduces the quality of raw materials, or requires additional costs for the preparation of root crops for processing. The purpose of the research is to establish the functional dependence between the amounts of soil stuck on root crops depending on their agrobiological characteristics. The results of analytical-empirical studies on the determination of the mass of soil adhering to the lateral surface of the body of root crops on the basis of taking into account the correction factor are given. Dependencies were obtained that characterize the change in the mass of stuck soil on the parameters of root crops. The results of the research are a prerequisite for justifying the parameters of the cleaning working bodies of the root harvesting machine.Key words: excavation, digger, working bodies, experiment, correction coefficient, response surface.