Advanced Technology Systems Research Articles

CALCULATION OF UNIT COSTS BY ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING METHOD USING GROUP TECHNOLOGY IN A FLEXIBLE PRODUCTION SYSTEM

İleri teknoloji kullanan işletmeler uzun vadeli kararları alma ve uygulama sürecinde güvenilirliğiyüksek verilerden ve analizlerden yararlanmayı tercih etmektedir. Bu verilerin işletmenin gerçekdurumunu yansıtan ve profesyonel şekilde hazırlanmış veriler olması arzu edilmektedir. İşletmelerinüst düzey yöneticilerinin doğru kararları alabilmeleri işletmenin hem geçmişini hem bugününü iyianaliz edebilmesine bağlıdır. Bu etkin analiz ve güvenilir bilginin temelinde, işletmede iyi düzeydeişletilen bir stratejik maliyet yönetimi anlayışı vardır.Çalışmanın amacı, ileri teknoloji ve esnek üretim sistemini kullanarak üretim yapan işletmelerin stratejikmaliyet yönetimi sürecinde mevcut durumlarını tespit etmeleri, geliştirmeleri, planlama ve kontrolfaaliyetlerini etkin bir şekilde yürütmelerini sağlayacak bir model ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamdaörnek olay yöntemi ile esnek üretim sistemini kullanan bir üretim işletmesinin üretim, yönetim vemuhasebe sistemi incelenerek maliyet yönetimi açısından mevcut durumu ortaya konulmuştur. Benzer üretim sistemine sahip mamuller aynı grupta toplanmış ve genel üretim maliyetlerinin mamullereyüklemesi faaliyet tabanlı maliyetleme kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Çalışma, maliyet yönetiminde esneküretim sistemini ele alması ve grup teknolojisi tekniğini kullanması açısından daha önce yapılmışçalışmalardan farklılık arz etmektedir. Çalışmada ileri teknoloji kullanan işletmelerde faaliyet tabanlımaliyetleme yönteminden yararlanılarak birim maliyetlerin gerçeğe uygun şekilde hesaplanabildiğisonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Pilot survey of passengers’ preferences in Mobility as a Service (MaaS) scenarios: a case study

Transport and mobility are evolving towards the concept of Mobility as a Service (MaaS). MaaS is an integrated mobility system that considers the mobility needs of users as a central element of the transport service. Therefore, the mere definition of centralized and advanced technological systems is not enough to ensure the success of a MaaS.This paper presents a pilot survey for capturing the main behavioural variables (users’ choices) of transport users to support the ex-ante statistical analysis of a MaaS and to design the survey for analysing users’ behaviour.The knowledge of users’ choices may be carried out through existing information sources and statistical analysis. In a first stage, considered in this paper, the direct estimation of users’ choices started from interviews of a pilot sample of users, that may be supported by aggregate data (e.g. passengers’ flows measured on some elements of the transport network).In the current scenario, the surveys concern the detection of trip choices of users belonging to the pilot sample, interviewed in a virtual context, among a set of available trip alternatives.The main objectives of this paper are the following: to build an updated state-of-the art of survey methods concerning transport users’ behaviour; to identify the main disaggregated and aggregated variables of the transport system to be detected for supporting the analysis of MaaS; to obtain empirical evidences about transport users’ behaviour in presence of MaaS from the pilot users interviewed.

The application of robotics and artificial intelligence in embroidery: challenges and benefits

Purpose Embroidery as a textile embellishment technique plays an important role in people's daily life. Esthetic embroidery artworks possess cultural values. With the development of robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), these technologies have been studied and applied in the embroidery process. This study aims to survey how these technologies facilitate embroidery from different aspects. Design/methodology/approach This paper surveys how the technologies of robotics and AI are applied in the embroidery field. The applications are mainly reviewed from three aspects: computerized robotic embroidery systems has been widely used for the mass production of embroidered textiles, the advanced technological systems and techniques have greatly facilitated the development of smart textiles and the artificial intelligence plays an important role in the inheritance, innovation and protection of traditional handicraft artwork of embroidery. Findings The programmable robotic embroidery machines have greatly improved the production efficiency of embroidered textiles and promoted the development of electronic textiles. The AI, mainly the deep learning technology, brings significant benefits to esthetic embroidery creation. Technology-based embroidery has become a hot research topic in the field of textiles. Originality/value This paper summarizes the application of robotics and AI technologies in the field of embroidery, which provides readers a comprehensive and systematic understanding about the research progress of modern technology-oriented embroidery. This helps readers gain inspiration from the technology perspectives.

Significant Advancements in Numerical Simulation of Fatigue Behavior in Metal Additive Manufacturing-Review

The concept of “Industry 4.0” encourages the use of automated manufacturing processes and the use of advanced technological systems. Some of the most fundamental needs of the Fourth Industrial Revolution can only be met with the help of additive manufacturing. However, the mechanical behavior and reliability of additive-manufactured components are hardly recognized. This paper provides a systematic review of metal additive manufacturing technologies, materials, lattice structures, and fatigue properties as well as the development of numerical simulations. The current state of development in metal alloys and the optimization of cellular structures were presented. In addition, this paper discussed the main challenges in numerical simulation methods, their validation with experimental results, and the limitations of commercial software used. Overall, this paper provides an overview of metal additive manufacturing as well as a survey of its simulation software development to optimize several parameters in industrial and academic research fields. The results were critically analyzed and provided a benchmark for future research and development.

Using Advanced Data to Analyze the Impact of Injury on Performance of Major League Baseball Pitchers: A Narrative Review

Major league baseball (MLB) pitchers are at risk of numerous injuries during play, and there is an increasing focus on evaluating their performance in the context of injury. Historically, performance after return to play (RTP) from injury has focused on general descriptive statistics, such as innings or games played, or rate statistics with inherent variability (eg, earned run average, walks and hits per inning pitched, strikeouts per 9 innings, or walks per 9 innings). However, in recent years, MLB has incorporated advanced technology and tracking systems in every stadium, allowing for more in-depth analysis of pitcher-specific data that are captured with every pitch of every game. This technology allows for the ability to delve into the pitching performance on a basis that is more specific to each pitcher and allows for more in-depth analysis of different aspects of pitching performance. The purpose of this narrative review was to illustrate the current state of injury recording for professional baseball pitchers, highlight recent technological advances in MLB, and describe the advanced data available for analysis. We used advanced data in the literature to review the current state of performance analysis after RTP in MLB pitchers after injury. Finally, we strived to provide a framework for future studies to more meticulously assess RTP performance given the current available resources for analysis.

Emerging Industry Trends Shape the Business and Economic Research and Analysis in 2022 and Beyond

In the era of digital economy research and analysis industry is prepared for tumult. The multiple topics evolved towards modern business approaches that led to several disruptions that can be observed few years back and would continue to see this segmentation down the line. Many countries at macro level and organizations and individuals at micro levels are changing their methods to solve their day-to-day problems through different modern set of behaviors and technology. During COVID-19 individuals those were having technology anxiety but now they are in the learning process to use the advanced technological systems. These emerging business practices are being driven by big data, artificial intelligence, and deep learning that might be advert trends that shape the research approaches and analysis in 2022 across industries. This in turn abets researchers and analysts derive important information that may alternate the look of every key sector of the economy. Similarly, these new trends forced the researchers and analysist to conduct different studies and report the new trends in the best practices for the modern world. One of key purpose of this conceptual paper is to highlight the tendencies of corporate world that shape the research and analytical techniques in 2022 and afar specifically in the business and economic research areas. Nevertheless, to draw the attention of theorists, researchers, and practitioners to develop systematic reflections, investigation and taking action to deal with embryonic research and analysis approaches.

Telemedicine in Greek Remote Areas during CoViD-19 Outbreak: The case of Lakonia

The Hospital Unit of Molaoi (H.U.M.) organized telemedicine workshops in remote areas of Laconia province (South Greece), giving citizens the opportunity to undergo specialized medical examinations, free of charge and without moving from their homes, during the SARS- CoV-2 virus pandemic. These workshops are aimed at the prevention, the early diagnosis, and the general promotion of Primary Health Care. The implementation of the pro- gram was based on the principles of Telemedicine via the use of the advanced technology systems of the Vodafone Foundation. The examinations which took place during the telemedicine work included a brief medical history of each participant, hematological exams, cardiological inspection, vital signs monitoring, and – in the case of women over 45- an assessment of the current status of menopause. Furthermore, a questionnaire was distributed to participants to explore their opinions and views regarding the useful- ness of Telemedicine. The study population was selected through geographical criteria and specifically by taking into consideration the kilometer and/or the hourly distance of each rural area from the nearest Health center (primary or secondary). The telemedicine workshops took place on a given date and based on a specific timetable, in accordance with the safe- ty protocols of the National Public Health Organization in Greece (EODY, www.eody.gov.gr), for the CoViD-19 infec- tion. The processing and analysis of the health examina- tions were done in real-time by specialized Doctors of the Hospital, via the use of telemedicine technologies and the results (along with relevant medical instructions) were delivered personally to each examinee, a few days later. From July 2020 to October 2021, 11 Telemedicine workshops took place and a total of 535 citizens of rural areas, aged 15 to 99 years, were examined. According to the results, the general level of citizens’ health can be considered satisfactory, with only six (6) people requiring emergency health treatment and 10% of those examined, being referred for further health examination on a regular basis. The project has contributed to disease prevention and the creation of an electronic medical record file which in the future will help doctors in these remote areas to have com- prehensive monitoring of the health of each resident.

P2P Lending’s Credit Risk in Vietnam: Determinants and Discussions

The recent upsurge in information technology has created the automation of processes and the reorganization of the chain of financial business area. In a new trend technology application, peer-to-peer lending (P2P) model, a service that connects individuals to borrow and lend money is adopted by the new online platform along with advanced technology systems and many different purposes. Hence, this research explores the situation and draws on possible potential causes of peer-to-peer lending risk. The questionnaire surveys were launched in December of 2021 with arepresentative sample consisted of 205 participants, including the majority of Vietnamese who had stable incomes in major cities of domestic nation and some others abroad as well as in-depth interviews also took place with persons who have a clear understanding of peer-to-peer lending and its risks. Based on findings, some recommendations were proposed to reduce risk of a new form of credit provision.

ASAS-NANP symposium: mathematical modeling in animal nutrition: the progression of data analytics and artificial intelligence in support of sustainable development in animal science.

A renewed interest in data analytics and decision support systems in developing automated computer systems is facilitating the emergence of hybrid intelligent systems by combining artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms with classical modeling paradigms such as mechanistic modeling (HIMM) and agent-based models (iABM). Data analytics have evolved remarkably, and the scientific community may not yet fully grasp the power and limitations of some tools. Existing statistical assumptions might need to be re-assessed to provide a more thorough competitive advantage in animal production systems towards sustainability. This paper discussed the evolution of data analytics from a competitive advantage perspective within academia and illustrated the combination of different advanced technological systems in developing HIMM. The progress of analytical tools was divided into three stages: collect and respond, predict and prescribe, and smart learning and policy making, depending on the level of their sophistication (simple to complicated analysis). The collect and respond stage is responsible for ensuring the data is correct and free of influential data points, and it represents the data and information phases for which data are cataloged and organized. The predict and prescribe stage results in gained knowledge from the data and comprises most predictive modeling paradigms, and optimization and risk assessment tools are used to prescribe future decision-making opportunities. The third stage aims to apply the information obtained in the previous stages to foment knowledge and use it for rational decisions. This stage represents the pinnacle of acquired knowledge that leads to wisdom, and AI technology is intrinsic. Although still incipient, HIMM and iABM form the forthcoming stage of competitive advantage. HIMM may not increase our ability to understand the underlying mechanisms controlling the outcomes of a system, but it may increase the predictive ability of existing models by helping the analyst explain more of the data variation. The scientific community still has some issues to be resolved, including the lack of transparency and reporting of AI that might limit code reproducibility. It might be prudent for the scientific community to avoid the shiny object syndrome (i.e., AI) and look beyond the current knowledge to understand the mechanisms that might improve productivity and efficiency to lead agriculture towards sustainable and responsible achievements.

Nominal Body Contour Reconstruction for Millimeter-Wave Characterization of Suicide Bomber Explosives

In order to improve the speed of passenger screening while preserving the effective capability to detect more sophisticated threats, airport security imaging systems must be able to accurately characterize concealed body-worn objects. In addition to improving the passenger experience, this system capability will enhance airport security for the traveling public. This article presents a real-time, fully automatic algorithm for the wideband millimeter-wave (mm-wave) radar reconstruction of the nominal human body contours, even in the presence of an affixed weak dielectric object or when a portion of the body cross section is not captured by the imaging scanner. The algorithm extracts the main contours from a noisy collection of 3-D reconstructed reflectivity and approximates the nominal human body cross section via fitting a low-order angular Fourier series. This important step is essential for precise characterization of concealed body-worn explosives. A ranking algorithm is developed as a metric for the nominal body reconstruction accuracy. We verify the developed algorithm by applying it to the actual images of the high definition–advanced imaging technology (HD-AIT) system, a laboratory prototype mm-wave scanning system developed recently by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The reconstructed body contours may be used to estimate the electric permittivity of the concealed person-worn objects.

Preface

Due to recent pandemic, 2021 International Conference on Detection Technology and Intelligence System (DTIS 2021) was held virtually online during December 3-5, 2021. The decision to hold the virtual conference was made in compliance with many restrictions and regulations that were imposed by countries around the globe. Such restrictions were made to minimize the risk of people contracting or spreading the COVID-19 through physical contact. There were 90 individuals who attended this on-line conference, represented many countries including Malaysia, Iran, and India.The 2021 International Conference on Detection Technology and Intelligence System (DTIS 2021) is to bring together innovative academics and industrial experts in the field of Detection Technology and Intelligence System to a common forum. The primary goal of the conference is to promote research and developmental activities in advanced Detection Technology and Intelligence System is to promote scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working all around the world.During the conference, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including oral presentations, keynote speeches, and online Q&A discussion. In the first part, some scholars, whose submissions were selected as the excellent papers, were given about 5-10 minutes to perform their oral presentations one by one. Then in the second part, keynote speakers were each allocated 30-45 minutes to hold their speeches. In the second part, we invited three professors as our keynote speakers. Prof. Dejie Yu, Hunan University, China. Prof. Dejie Yu's research areas are equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis; dynamic signal analysis and processing; automotive vibration and noise control (NVH); research on the properties and applications of phononic crystals/acoustic metamaterials; and research on the mechanical properties of acoustic metamaterials. And then we had Prof. Aihua Dong, Zhengzhou University of Economics and Business, China. Prof. Dong is mainly engaged in electrical automatic control, fault detection and other directions of scientific research. Lastly, we were glad to invite Assoc. Prof. Zhaojing Tong, Henan Polytechnic University, China. Assoc. Prof. Zhaojing Tong is mainly engaged in teaching and research in intelligent detection and equipment fault diagnosis, automatic control, intelligent reasoning, etc. Their insightful speeches had triggered heated discussion in the third session of the conference. Every participant praised this conference for disseminating useful and insightful knowledge.List of Committee are available in this pdf.

Dual‐band MIMO antenna decoupling using vias based multipath decoupling circuit

AbstractThis article offers a new decoupling circuit for isolation enhancement to decouple the dual‐band multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna in a compact dimension. In the design, a novel dual‐band vias‐based stub‐loaded multipath decoupling circuit is used which offers multipath decoupling using admittance parameters of the structure to enhance isolation. The vias position transforms the stub's behavior into a mix of inductive and capacitive behavior, and its diameter variation aids in isolation and frequency fine‐tuning. The proposed multipath decoupling circuit helps to achieve good isolation between the antenna element using a hybrid coupling. The projected MIMO antenna radiates at 2.29–2.51 GHz (Wi‐Fi) and 5.74–5.89 GHz (WLAN) bands simultaneously to validate the proposed decoupling circuit's effectiveness and demonstrate the design procedure. The decoupling circuit helps obtain the isolation more significant than 20 dB in each band than the initial 11 dB in the Wi‐Fi band and 14 dB in the WLAN band. Moreover, the proposed decoupling scheme can be helpful for the redesign of other multi‐band MIMO antennas applications. The excellent diversity performance, which makes this a suitable contender for advanced technological systems.

A System Dynamics Approach to Modeling Groundwater Dynamics: Case Study of the Choshui River Basin

Land subsidence resulting from the overexploitation of groundwater is an important issue in the Choshui River Basin, Taiwan. In the current study, we employed system dynamics simulation in modeling the supply of surface and groundwater, as well as the demand for water by industry, water deficits, and mechanisms underlying land subsidence. The proposed model was then used to estimate the magnitude of land subsidence and evaluate various management strategies. Our simulation results revealed that the vigorous enforcement of well sealing would have a modest effect on land subsidence; however, it would also have notable adverse effects on the agricultural community. We determined that reducing the demand for irrigation water (e.g., by switching to less water-intensive crops) would reduce land subsidence, while preserving profitability in those areas. In the future, this policy could be complemented by promoting the adoption of advanced irrigation technology and automatic systems to further slow the excessive exploitation of groundwater, with a corresponding effect on land subsidence.

Educational Aids for Teaching Hacking Principles to Strengthen Computational Thinking Skills to Elementary

Modern society is changing into an era of digital transformation with the development of advanced information and communication technology (ICT) and information systems. Various information is digitized and stored, and the value of information is increasing. As the value of information increases, hackers' techniques to take advantage of unfair profits using them are subdivided and advanced, causing unexpected big problems in society. In particular, it was noted that cases in which elementary school students, a digital native generation, are often reported to be involved in crimes. Therefore, based on the basic concepts and principles of computing for elementary school students, we developed a learning teaching tool that can provide hacking-related education in an interesting way using gamification based on computing thinking ability that can efficiently solve unexpected problems. The learning goal was set for the development of educational aids by analyzing the cyber-attack process, and the game material was selected by applying the information security hacking principle learning to Samuel Livingstone's simulation game model. Then, we set game figures, roles, resources, external factors, and goals of the educational game and designed game boards, mission papers, and worksheets. We also established the game rules using the game data designed. Lastly, we found complementary points with security experts and education experts to supplement the learning aid while running the game. This paper helped learners to understand the security equipment applied in the network environment. In the end, we developed a teaching aid that can strengthen learners' computational thinking and understand hacking principles. This game ensures infinite scalability of the challenge by having students perform three missions per challenge. The educational aids proposed in this paper are limited at the primary level that elementary school students can understand. However, it can be designed and extended to infer interleaving by combining transaction and lock functions.

A Comparison of Shale Gas Fracturing Based on Deep and Shallow Shale Reservoirs in the United States and China

China began to build its national shale gas demonstration area in 2012. The central exploration, drilling, and development technologies for medium and shallow marine shale reservoirs with less than 3,500 m of buried depth in Changning-Weiyuan, Zhaotong, and other regions had matured. In this study, we macroscopically investigated the development history of shale gas in the United States and China and compared the physical and mechanical conditions of deep and shallow reservoirs. The comparative results revealed that the main reasons for the order-ofmagnitude difference between China’s annual shale gas output and the United States could be attributed to three aspects: reservoir buried depth, reservoir physical and mechanical properties, and engineering technology level. The current engineering technology level of China could not meet the requirements of increasing production and reducing costs for deep shale gas reservoirs; they had reached the beneficial threshold development stage and lacked the capacity for large-scale commercial production. We identified several physical and mechanical reasons for this threshold development stage. Deep shale reservoirs were affected by the bedding fracture, low brittleness index, low clay mineral content, and significant areal differences, as well as by the transformation from elasticity to plasticity, difficulty in sanding, and high mechanical and strength parameters. Simultaneously, they were accompanied by six high values of formation temperature, horizontal principal stress difference, pore pressure, fracture pressure, extension pressure, and closure pressure. The key to deep shale gas horizontal well fracturing was to improve the complexity of the hydraulic fracture network, form adequate proppant support of fracture surface, and increase the practical stimulated reservoir volume (SRV), which accompanied visual hydraulic discrete network monitoring. On this basis, we proposed several ideas to improve China’s deep shale gas development involving advanced technology systems, developing tools, and supporting technologies in shale gas exploration and development in the United States. These ideas primarily involved stimulation technologies, such as vertically integrated dessert identification and optimization, horizontal well multistage/multicluster fracturing, staged tools development for horizontal wells, fractures network morphology monitoring by microseismic and distributed optical fiber, shale hydration expansion, soak well, and fracturing fluid flow back. China initially developed the critical technology of horizontal well large-scale and high-strength volume fracturing with a core of “staged fracturing with dense cutting + shorter cluster spacing + fracture reorientation by pitching + forced-sand addition + increasing diameter perforating + proppant combination by high strength and small particle size particles”. We concluded that China should continue to conduct critical research on theories and technical methods of horizontal well fracturing, suitable for domestic deep and ultra-deep marine and marine-continental sedimentary shale, to support and promote the efficient development of shale gas in China in the future. It is essential to balance the relationship between the overall utilization degree of the gas reservoir and associated economic benefits and to localize some essential tools and supporting technologies. These findings can contribute to the flourishing developments of China’s deep shale gas.

Bottleneck and development path of water resources protection and utilization in Henan Province in the new era

Objective：to promote the sustainable and efficient utilization of water resources in Henan Province, accelerate the optimization of the water resources management system, innovate the government administrative management mode, and provide new strategic countermeasures and path choices for the industrial upgrading and transformation in water resources related fields and the high-quality development of regional economy in Henan Province. Methods: by combing the current situation and existing problems of water resources utilization in Henan Province, this study focuses on analyzing the strategic opportunities faced by the field of water resources in Henan Province and expounds on the innovation and application of cutting-edge key technologies for water resources protection and utilization in Henan Province. Results: while the protection and utilization of water resources in Henan Province have achieved great results, it still faces great challenges: low water-saving results, imperfect advanced technology system, unstable water pollution control results, and imperfect water resource management mechanism. Conclusion: in the future, we must coordinate the relationship between water resources development and protection, establish the idea of harmonious development, give full play to the regional advantages of Henan Province, strengthen the research and development of cutting-edge key technologies, innovate the government management mechanism, and realize the efficient and sustainable utilization of water resources.

Privacy-Preserving Tampering Detection in Automotive Systems

Modern auto-vehicles are built upon a vast collection of sensors that provide large amounts of data processed by dozens of Electronic Control Units (ECUs). These, in turn, monitor and control advanced technological systems providing a large palette of features to the vehicle’s end-users (e.g., automated parking, autonomous vehicles). As modern cars become more and more interconnected with external systems (e.g., cloud-based services), enforcing privacy on data originating from vehicle sensors is becoming a challenging research topic. In contrast, deliberate manipulations of vehicle components, known as tampering, require careful (and remote) monitoring of the vehicle via data transmissions and processing. In this context, this paper documents an efficient methodology for data privacy protection, which can be integrated into modern vehicles. The approach leverages the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) as a core data transformation algorithm, accompanied by filters and additional transformations. The methodology is seconded by a Random Forest-based regression technique enriched with further statistical analysis for tampering detection in the case of anonymized data. Experimental results, conducted on a data set collected from the On-Board Diagnostics (OBD II) port of a 2015 EUR6 Skoda Rapid 1.2 L TSI passenger vehicle, demonstrate that the restored time-domain data preserves the characteristics required by additional processing algorithms (e.g., tampering detection), showing at the same time an adjustable level of privacy. Moreover, tampering detection is shown to be 100% effective in certain scenarios, even in the context of anonymized data.

Analyzing the use of internet of things (IoT) in artificial intelligence and its impact on business environment

IoT is a network of devices that emerge with connectivity, software, and exchange data. Performing on the internet is constantly converting from the “Internet of computers (IoC)” to the “Internet of things (IoT)”. Especially in the business world, the adoption of IoT is becoming highly required in order to protect data and resources. In the case of coming and collecting multiple essential data makes the device difficult to store them, so in that scenario, IoT Device is considered as effective. As IoT is capable of sharing vital data through a wireless network, the data remains safe and protected. All the processes of business and its development underlying the procedure of data exchange along with gathering. In this scenario, IoT has the ability to handle the data and record the pattern of the business process. In addition, customer interaction with the devices also can be managed by the IoT network. The business process can be effectively preceded with the help of IoT technology.In the business process, better information with high quality, productivity can be balanced in order to draw the attention of the consumers with this advanced technology system. IoT devices have many benefits, which can improve the business value, and it is described in the discussion part of the research work. In this study, primary along with secondary data analysis have been conducted based on a thematic approach and in that regard, four themes have been prepared and discussed in accordance with different research objectives. The study concluded about the business development by using IoT devices and highlighted the future scope of the research. Here, in this research, the descriptive method was applied to analyze the primary and secondary data. Thematic analysis of the data has become beneficial in getting the best understanding of the topic. Moreover, this study will be helpful for business leaders to understand both the positive and negative approaches of this network system.

Анализ перспективных технологических схем подготовки воздуха в системах термостатирования стартовых комплексов

The purpose of the research is to perform a comparative analysis of compressed air preparation systems on the basis of moisture content. The article discusses conventional and perspective methods for drying compressed air using condensation, adsorption and membrane technologies. The article considers a temperature control system with the required dew point of minus 25°С at the exit under standard conditions, which corresponds to the dew point temperature plus 3 °С at a pressure of 1.0 MPa, or class 4 according to GOST R ISO 8573-1–2016. The main advantages of using advanced technological drying system designs are described, including the design of a modern drier with a rotary adsorber that can reduce the dew point temperature of compressed air to minus 25…30 °С at 1.0 MPa pressure without any losses on the adsorbent regeneration. This research is the first to analyze the applicability of modern adsorption and membrane modules to the launch complex functions. All the air drying designs were considered in this paper in relation to air temperature control systems based on air refrigerators using the I-d hygrometric chart for variable pressures.

Overcoming the Obstacles of Implementing the Educational Leadership Standards in the Distance Learning Program in the Light of Corona Pandemic from the School Principals’ Perspectives in the Directorate of Education of the Northern Mazar District / Jordan

This study aimed at overcoming the obstacles of implementing educational leadership standards in the distance learning program in light of Corona pandemic from the school principals’ point of view in the Directorate of Education of the Northern Mazar District / Jordan. To achieve the aims of the study, the researcher purposefully selected the research sample (44 principals) in the Directorate of Education of the Northern Mazar. The descriptive-analytical approach was used. The study emphasized the importance of implementing the educational leadership standards by school principals in the Directorate of Education of the Northern Mazar. Moreover, the study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences at (α ≤ 5.0) between the responses of the study sample in the practice of school principals to the following educational leadership standards: leading the development of the school, the directorate development program, the community school. In addition, the study concluded that the leadership in the educational system is based on standards in the Directorate of Education of the Northern Mazar in the distance learning program according to the Gender variable. The study recommended that the standards of educational leadership should be implemented in distance learning programs, as an advanced technological system, to meet the challenges of the educational process. Keywords: Standards, educational leadership, obstacles, distance education program, school principals