Advanced Economic Development Research Articles

Nepal-India Relations: Exploring the Dichotomy between 'Big Brother' and 'Brotherhood'

The historical relationship between Nepal and India is deeply rooted in their geographic proximity and shared elements such as religion, culture, language, and socio-economic interests. While Nepal borders both China and India, its closeness with India is accentuated by these shared attributes and mutual opportunities. The two countries share an open border of around 1,780 kilometers along Nepal's eastern, western, and southern regions. Despite India's larger size, population, and more advanced economic development, Nepal maintains its sovereignty and equal status as an independent nation. However, India's role is often perceived as that of a "big brother" to Nepal, reflecting the disparity in size and influence. Nonetheless, all sovereign nations, regardless of their geographic or economic differences, are regarded as equals in status. In an era defined by globalization, scientific advancements, and technological progress, Nepal aspires to build a strong relationship with India based on mutual friendship and economic cooperation, particularly through foreign investment and the exchange of technology. While occasional tensions arise, usually from the Indian side, they have not escalated into major conflicts and are unlikely to do so. It is widely understood that while friendships may fluctuate, the bond between neighbors remains constant. This article examines the various aspects and dynamics of Nepal-India relations within this context.

Eastern Regions in the Economic Strategy on the “Take-off” Stage of the Soviet Industrial System

The article delves into the strategy and implementation of economic development in the eastern regions of Russia from the pre-war five-year plans to the “Kosygin reform”. It highlights the substantial growth in the importance of these regions in the national economy during this period. However, historical perspectives on the long-term consequences of the “Eastern shift” in the production and population proportions vary. Some researchers believe that such a course met and meets the fundamental interests of the country. Others dispute this, attributing it to excessive geopolitical ambitions and a distorted understanding of the economy’s actual needs. Based on the historiographic analysis and documentary sources, the author offers an interpretation of why the authorities prioritized the advanced economic development of the eastern territories and how they executed this strategy. It is concluded that implementation of such a course has led to a radical change in the territorial structure of production. At the same time, as the period under review drew to a close, the focus shifted from advanced development to sustaining the achieved level, resulting in a deceleration of economic growth in the eastern regions. This was primarily ascribed to the decreasing efficacy of the “socialist economic system” and the ruling elite's persistent aversion to reforming economic institutions. One overarching argument posited in the article is that there was a substantive “shift of productive forces” towards the East in the broader context of the Soviet era, coinciding with the period of the “take-off” of the Soviet industrial system. The foregoing allows us substantiating the relationship between high rates of economic growth and “intensive economic development” of the eastern regions of the country.

Strategi Industrialisasi: Hubungan Dengan Sektor Lain

The industrial sector contributes greatly to national economic development through increasing added value, creating jobs and providing foreign exchange. The government and investors need to know the sectors that play an important role in the economy. An industrialization strategy is needed to overcome challenges in industrial development and achieve Indonesia's vision as a sovereign, advanced, just and prosperous country. Structural transformations are important in economic development, including changes from agriculture to non-agriculture and from industry to services. Industrialization is considered a path to advanced economic development. The government in Indonesia is trying to advance industry, especially in the agricultural sector which has great potential for economic development.

Boosting Employee Performance through Culture, Compensation, and Motivation in Indonesia

In the context of today's advanced economic development, companies aim to create jobs and improve the economy. This study examines the influence of organizational culture, compensation, and work motivation on employee performance at PT. Romi Violeta, a furniture company. Despite extensive research on employee performance determinants, the specific impacts of these factors within the Indonesian furniture industry remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by utilizing a quantitative method with a sample of 133 employees selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression with SPSS version 22. The findings reveal that organizational culture, compensation, and work motivation each positively affect employee performance. Furthermore, when considered together, these factors significantly enhance employee performance. Among them, compensation is the most dominant factor due to the substantial impact of adequate wages on optimizing employee performance. These results suggest that fostering a strong organizational culture, providing fair compensation, and enhancing work motivation are crucial strategies for improving employee performance in similar industrial contexts. Highlight: Positive Impacts: Organizational culture enhances employee performance. Dominant Factor: Compensation most influences employee performance. Combined Effect: Culture, compensation, and motivation jointly boost performance. Keywoard: Organizational Culture, Compensation, Work Motivation, Employee Performance, Quantitative Analysis

Positive Impact of Environmental Governance Policies on Watershed Economy: A Case Study of the Taihu Lake Watershed

This paper seeks to investigate how environmental governance policies positively influence the regional economy within the context of the Taihu Lake Watershed. It will specifically delve into the practical measures taken for policy implementation and their resulting outcomes. This paper extensively examines the Taihu Lake Watershed through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature. It consolidates prior research focusing on how environmental governance policies affect the regional economy within watersheds. The study reveals that environmental governance policies have positively influenced the economy of the Taihu Lake Watershed. Policy implementation has not only advanced economic development but also enhanced public consciousness regarding environmental conservation, contributing to ecological system enhancement. Effective environmental governance policies can drive economic growth within watersheds, raise public consciousness regarding environmental preservation, and facilitate ecological system enhancements, thereby contributing positively to the sustainable development of watersheds. The insights derived from this research hold relevance for shaping environmental governance policies and economic development strategies in various regions. To further promote sustainable watershed development, it is crucial to optimize environmental governance policies, improve policy execution, foster collaboration between departments, and establish efficient benefit-sharing mechanisms.

Spatial-temporally and industrially heterogeneous effects of new infrastructure construction on fostering emerging industries in Chinese cities

New infrastructure construction stemming from the new waves of technological revolution worldwide is exemplified by 5G base stations, big data centers, and ultra-high voltage. It has aroused extensive academic and policy interests in recent years, especially due to its beneficial role in empowering regional novel economic dynamics. However, this argument is still too general to capture the nuanced effects of new infrastructure construction on fostering emerging industries in specific spatial-temporal and industrial contexts, which is left for geographers to take up. This paper focuses on the spatial-temporally and industrially heterogeneous effects of new infrastructure construction on fostering four distinctive emerging industries in major Chinese cities over the last decade. It reveals that new infrastructure construction and emerging industries have experienced rapid development in major Chinese cities, with geographical agglomeration in national central cities with advanced economic development level. It is empirically demonstrated that new infrastructure construction can facilitate the development of emerging industries in major Chinese cities, while significant spatial-temporal heterogeneity characterizes the contributory forces. Furthermore, artificial intelligence as a Key Enabling Technology, robotics as a kind of hardware-featured industry, software-as-a-service as a software-centered industry, and blockchain as a networking-oriented industry vary markedly in the extent and the ways in which they benefit from new infrastructure construction, and they consequently exhibit industrial sensitivity to spatial-temporal heterogeneity in the fostering effects.

Can carbon finance promote high quality economic development: evidence from China

Utilizing provincial panel data from China spanning 2000 to 2020, this study constructed an indicator system for high-quality economic development by incorporating 35 indicators. These indicators stem from five domains: innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development. To assess carbon finance development, an evaluation system was created using twelve basic indicators derived from three categories: financial environment, energy efficiency, and scientific and technological progression. The entropy weight method facilitated the computation of indices such as the economic quality development, innovative development, coordinated development, green development, open development, shared development, and carbon finance development indices. Both static and dynamic panel models served to empirically ascertain the specific influence of carbon finance on high-quality economic development. Additionally, regional and temporal variances in carbon finance's impact on high-quality economic development were scrutinized. Findings indicate that provinces like Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Guangdong, known for advanced economic development, exhibit elevated levels of high-quality economic and carbon finance development. Nonetheless, disparities among provinces are evident. While carbon finance significantly bolsters China's high-quality economic growth, its influence is not uniformly observed across all five development domains. It primarily augments coordinated, green, and shared development. Furthermore, the role of carbon finance in boosting China's high-quality economic development exhibits regional and temporal variations. The promotion of high-quality economic growth can be achieved by fostering an amenable carbon finance environment, addressing aging, maximizing governmental influence, enhancing transportation infrastructure, propelling new urbanization, and refining education standards.

Implementation of the long-term development strategy of Lavochkin Association, JSC, using the strategic processes model

An abrupt worsening of the conditions to reproduce the raw material model of the Russian economy forces high-tech enterprises to take a proactive stance of advanced economic development based on the new technological paradigm in terms of the post-industrial age. However, this transition cannot happen on its own accord. This requires a creation of a brand new goal-directed management system, having the implementation of strategic priorities in the long-term development strategy of the enterprise and the possibility of achieving technological sovereignty. One of the approaches to solve this problem implies to introduce process-project management at the enterprise. This can only be achieved through the long-term resource planning and investing in the development of innovative functional capabilities of a large industrial enterprise, increasing innovative capabilities of personnel and involving the staff in the process of strategic development in the frame of a dynamically changing environment.

BRICS and the USA: Labor and Employment Support During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

This article concerns labor and employment support policies undertaken by national governments in 2020-2022, during the global COVID-19 pandemic. It is focused on the experience of the BRICS countries but also highlights the labor and employment support policies in the USA, a country with one of the largest economies and advanced economic development. The COVID-19 outbreak has posed unprecedented challenges for all countries. The key objectives of all governments were to save human lives and prevent the spread of the infection. While the containment measures used by different countries were mostly similar, the programs and policies aiming to support workers were country-specific. The authors examine two types of labor support measures aimed at mitigation of the COVID-19 consequences: direct cash transfers to sustain workers’ incomes and business support activities. The analysis reveals that the success of these measures could depend, first, on how timely they were, second, whether they were in line with the long-term objectives in labour market development and, third, on the quality of governments’ collaboration with businesses and trade unions. The COVID-19 pandemic has cast a long shadow. As the BRICS countries plan to focus their labor and employment policies on high-quality jobs, human-centered development, inclusion and protection of workers’ rights they should address the consequences of COVID-19 together with other challenges, such as technological transformation, climate change and demographic issues.

Approaches to developing a digital transformation model for the Russian economy in the context of global challenges

Aim. The presented study aims to propose and substantiate the structure and content of a model of the digital transformation of the Russian economy in the context of the implementation of the advanced economic development model to ensure the growth of gross domestic product (GDP) and technological sovereignty.Tasks. The authors analyze the current strategy for the digital transformation of the domestic economy; determine the directions and nature of its changes; formulate the concept of a digital transformation model for the Russian economy; propose and substantiate its structure and content; identify systems of interrelations and interactions between its key elements.Methods. The results and conclusions of this study are obtained by applying general and special scientific methods and techniques. The general scientific methods used include analysis and synthesis, forecasting, modeling, induction and deduction, scientific abstraction, observation, expert assessments, etc. Factor analysis is used as a special scientific method.Results. The strategic priorities of the formation and implementation of the digital transformation model for the Russian economy are analyzed and justified, including trends for technological sovereignty and a model of advanced development. The concept of the digital transformation model is clarified, its structure and content are presented as a complex dynamic system comprising a technological platform, a digital core (generating unique technologies and providing competitive advantages to the country at the global level), and cybersecurity subsystems ensuring efficiency and sustainability.Conclusions. The model of the digital transformation of national economy is a complex dynamic system that requires increased attention to ensuring its sustainability. The equilibrium state of such systems can be achieved using a stable mechanism of interaction between the strategy and the core of the model; rapid and high-quality generation and scaling of technologies from the core to the economy; a stable mechanism for strengthening and creating new relationships between the core of the model and high-tech markets. The model’s effectiveness is associated with Russia’s standing in the global economy in 2030, and it can be confirmed by such indicators as GDP growth, technological sovereignty (at least in critical areas) and technological parity with developed countries, a high share of high-tech industries in the structure of the economy, etc. Under the modern conditions of increased turbulence, all the proposals regarding the structure of the digital transformation model can be fairly considered as an intermediate working option with a solid foundation in the form of dedicated technologies and interconnections between elements.

Microplastic emerging pollutants – impact on microbiological diversity, diarrhea, antibiotic resistance, and bioremediation

Advanced economic development and technologies cause worldwide plastic waste to increase many folds, leaving policymakers with the dilemma of managing it.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ СТРАТЕГИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ

The key innovative technologies of Industry 4.0 are considered, which make it possible to increase the efficiency of production and business processes. The necessity of developing and forming a strategy for advanced innovative development of enterprises is substantiated. The scientific novelty and practical significance of the work lies in the fact that as a result of the study, the conditions for the successful implementation of innovative development at the enterprise, as well as the key stages of its formation, are formulated. A classification of innovative development strategies is proposed. For a better understanding of the features of the company’s transition to a strategy of advanced innovative development, the key factors of advanced economic development have been identified.

Natural landscape, historical and town‐planning factors of Khabarovsk development

Aim. A comprehensive analysis of the development of the living environment of the city of Khabarovsk, Russia.Discussion. The article discusses the stages of the formation of the city of Khabarovsk under the conditions of the mutual influence of natural landscape, historical and town planning factors. The territory of Khabarovsk exists under the influence of a number of interacting factors, the combination of which determines the low quality of life of the population. These factors ensure the uniqueness of the territory, which often fulfill a compensatory role, but also determine the ecological vulnerability of the city and limit its development. In the category of natural landscape factors there are 4 principal impacts: Khabarovsk is associated with an intermountain depression, which contributes to atmospheric pollution stagnation and the domination of the Siberian anticyclone during the cold season, which creates unfavourable conditions for the dispersion of harmful impurities in the atmosphere; potential exposure to flooding; and potential fire hazard. The main historical factor in the development of Khabarovsk is the inclusion of the Far East in the space of Russia and the awareness of its geostrategic importance. However, the development of the region has always been accompanied by difficulties due to remoteness and vicinity to China. For all urban systems there are specific general urban development factors. Their influence is unevenly traced at different stages of the formation of Khabarovsk’s territory, at times fixing errors in the layout of the city, and at others reducing the comfort of the environment. Only at the present stage is a balance of factors taking shape that sets the prospects for the comprehensive improvement of the population’s living space.Conclusion. Sustainability of Khabarovsk development is possible under the condition of creating a viable model of advanced economic development of the Far East.

Analisis Pengaruh PDRB, Investasi, Upah Minimum Provinsi Terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Di Pulau Jawa

Geographically, the province on the island of Java is a strategic area for the national economy because of its more advanced economic growth and development compared to other regions and has a relatively high population. Regional differences on the island of Java which have their own characteristics that affect different development patterns, the island of Java is also inseparable from the history of regional infrastructure development on the island of Java which is far more advanced than other islands in Indonesia. This study aims to determine how big the influence of GDP, Domestic Investment, Foreign Investment, and the Provincial Minimum Wage on Labor Absorption in Java, partially or simultaneously. The results of this study GDP has a positive and significant effect on Labor Absorption, Domestic Investment (PMDN) has a positive and significant impact on Labor Absorption, Foreign Investment has a positive and significant impact on Labor Absorption, and the Provincial Minimum Wage has a positive and significant effect on Employment. has no positive and insignificant effect on Labor Absorption.

PENGARUH CITRA MEREK, KUALITAS PRODUK DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP NIAT PEMBELIAN ULANG PRODUK ERIGO

The increasingly advanced economic development in Indonesia has an impact on various types of businesses and businesses, one of which is the clothing or fashion business. Fashion itself is a type of business that places clothing products as its business axis. This study aims to determine the influence of brand image, product quality, and promotion on product repurchase intention. This type of research is explanatory research which explains and proves the relationship and influence between the independent and dependent variables. This study used a sample of 100 respondents and the distribution of the questionnaire was carried out in online media and groups concerned with Erigo products using the help of google forms. Sampling using random sampling method (random sampling). The sample consists of male and female respondents who are at least 15 years old and have used or purchased Erigo products. Data analysis using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis using SPSS ver. 25. The results of the analysis obtained in this study are brand image, product quality and promotion have a significant effect on repurchasing intention.

Strategic Analysis of the Prospects for the Sayano-Yenisei Mesoregion Using the Balance Model

The article explores the problems of strategic analysis of the spatial development of Siberian regions. It has been shown that the inclusion of mesoregional entities in the strategic spatial planning system allows improving the quality of strategic studies of the promising development of macroregions. The current state and problems of socio-economic development of the Sayano-Yenisei mesoregion located in the southern part of Eastern Siberia on the territory of three constituent entities of the Russian Federation (the Krasnoyarsk Krai, the Republic of Khakassia and the Republic of Tuva), in the Yenisei river basin, in the basin of the Eastern and Western Sayan mountains and Kuznetsk Alatau are analyzed. The article considers opportunities, limitations and prospects of advanced economic development of mesoregion. An intersectoral regional model was proposed for the study of promising development scenarios, which would link the parameters of investment development projects with macroeconomic regional indicators. A macroeconomic assessment of the impact of projects on indicators of social and economic development of territories has been performed

Кадровая безопасность «новой индустриализации»: востребованные качества руководителя производства в ближайшем тридцатилетии и эффективный механизм их обеспечения

The article presents the results of the author’s research on the relevant topic of “new industrialization” for the country, which is the most important direction in the formation of the advanced economic development of Russia. Based on the author’s forecasting method “Phase calculation of solving strategic tasks of human resources management in Russia”, the demanded qualities of the production manager in the next thirty years are identified and determined. The industrial and educational cluster is defined as a mechanism for staffing the “new industrialization”, the author’s description of the industrial and educational cluster is given on the example of the Tver region. The main distinguishing feature of an effective industrial and educational cluster is the presence in its structure of the institute of cooperation as a connecting non-profit link of all the actors of the cluster and in the person of scientific and expert non-profit organizations serving both to counter threats of the predominance of formalism and opportunistic narrow corporate interests, and to eliminate conflicts of interest in the interaction of state and commercial structures.

Formation and Assessment of the Investment and Reputation Capital of the Enterprise

The article assesses the influence of factors that form the reputation of an enterprise in the real sector of the economy, on the ability to attract investments and form investment capital. The study aims to identify the most important components of reputation capital that stimulate the inflow of investments for the implementation of projects that are significant for the development of the region. The author applies methods of multidimensional weighted scoring assessment of business reputation, construction of factor models, and identification of regression relationships between investment capital and factors that form business reputation, methods of pair correlations, and modelling. This study assesses the impact of factors on the level of investment capital and business reputation of 38 regionally significant organizations included in the list of residents of the Territory of Advanced Social and Economic Development (TASED) of the Far East and receiving tax incentives and administrative benefits. The scientific hypothesis that the investment capital of an enterprise as a key element of the territorial economic system is formed under the influence of a complex of factors of business reputation is subject to verification. The types of business reputation are identified for enterprises of regional significance. The author makes a conclusion that the inflow of investments and the accumulation of capital is facilitated by information transparency, participation of the enterprise in socio-cultural, educational events in the region, support of ethical and corporate principles. The research results can be used by the management companies of the territories of advanced development and the management of enterprises implementing national projects for the development of the regional economy.

Spatial Characteristics of the Tourism Flows in China: A Study Based on the Baidu Index

The characteristics of information flow, as represented by the Baidu index, reflect the pattern of tourism flows between different cities. This paper is based on the Baidu index and applies the seasonal concentration index and social network analysis (SNA) methods to study the spatial structure characteristics of tourism flows in China. The results reveal that: (1) both the search volume of the Baidu index in different cities and the online attention to different scenic areas exhibit obvious spatial heterogeneity and seasonal differences; (2) regions with strong tourism flow connections mainly occur in the areas between metropolises or among the inner cities of urban agglomerations, which are largely distributed on the southeast side of the Heihe–Tengchong Line; (3) the development of the whole tourism flow network in China is low, with an unbalanced development between tourism supply and demand, indicating that tourism resources are concentrated in a few cities and that most of the information interaction among cities occurs in core areas, while a weak interaction is observed in peripheral areas; (4) cities like Beijing and Wuhan attain obvious advantages in regard to their tourism resources, whereas other cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou, exhibit a high demand for tourism. Moreover, tourism information flow networks are concentrated in several cities with an important role in the Chinese urban system, such as Beijing, Wuhan, and Chengdu, because they contain abundant tourism resources, well-developed transportation systems and advanced economic and societal development levels. (5) Cities such as Beijing, Lhasa, Wuhan, and Zhengzhou possess numerous advantages due to structural holes, and they thus occur at an advantageous position in the tourism flow network.

Evaluation of Strategies of Key Categories of Actors in the Functioning of the Free Port of Vladivostok and Other Development Programs of the Far East Based on the Determination of the Value of Expected Future Losses and Acquisitions

Internationalization of the world trade and severe competition for the position in global value chains stimulate countries all over the world to create special economic zones (SEZ). For the Russian Far East, the SEZ are the major element of fostering industrial growth and overall economic development. There are Free Port of Vladivostok, Territories of Advanced Economic Development and other development programs created to ensure inflow of investors into the economy of the macro-region. The state offers both tax deductions for up to 10 years and direct budget expenditures for creating infrastructure for the future project sites. Natural consequence of that is the problem of very different financial efficiency of potential projects and dire need to sort or filter those projects that will, probably, be mutually beneficial both for investor and for the state budget from those that, again probably, will benefit only one party or even fail for both. We started from applying standard mechanisms of project evaluation, based on sum of the discounted cash flows comparing to discounted investments, and then enrich it with instruments of working with probable events to make it more flexible. Then based on real-options approach, we show an anticipated cash-flow as the representation of project’s efficiency and create strategy matrix for private and public parties of the cooperation.