Admissible Conditions Research Articles

Research on the Current Situation and Trend of Chinese Overseas Study

Studying abroad has a very long history in China. According to historical records, the first team of Chinese students studying abroad appeared in about 1872. With the rapid development of international education, China attaches great importance to the development of international education and higher education and spreads the educational concept and style of Chinese higher education around the world. Therefore, more and more Chinese students choose to study abroad to improve their comprehensive ability. This article is mainly from the perspective of a Chinese student who is about to study abroad, from objective aspects such as economic development, school admission conditions... And subjective aspects, such as grades, grades, language proficiency... To study the current situation of overseas students and the future development trend. The purpose of the study is to provide a general reference for other students who want to study abroad and receive some information that they may overlook.

A new approach for dynamic output feedback control design of time-delayed nonlinear systems

This paper introduces a full-order dynamic output-feedback (DOF) controller for discrete-time nonlinear systems with time-varying delays represented by Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) systems. The controller design is carried out by developing delay-dependent Linear Matrix Inequality based conditions using Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability arguments. A notable characteristic of the proposed approach is that the dynamic controller gains are directly obtained, without the need for variable transformations, equality constraints, or iterative algorithms. This feature sets it apart from many existing approaches in the literature and simplifies the design process. Furthermore, the proposed approach guarantees the local asymptotic stability of the origin of the closed-loop system and provides an estimated admissible initial condition region. The correct operation of the system is ensured once the state trajectories initiated within the admissible initial condition region remain enclosed in the validity domain of the LPV model. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the potential and effectiveness of the proposed conditions.

Egzekucja sądowa z kilku nieruchomości dłużnika stanowiących całość gospodarczą

Specific rules, relevant only for enforcement proceedings, are applied in enforcement proceedings, such as the rule of applying enforcement measures that are least onerous for a debtor, while ensuring protection of creditor’s rights (so-called principle of relativity). The compliance with this rule in the practice of enforcement proceedings results in the necessity to look for the maximum efficiency of enforcement by its execution in such a manner, for example, that optimum effects are obtained in enforcement against cash benefits by obtaining funds to repay a creditor and cover costs of proceedings, while keeping factual, legal and financial burdens to the minimum. An example of adhering to the principle of relativity that is aimed at maximising the efficiency of enforcement is the combination of several enforcement proceedings that concern several real properties into single proceedings, in order to optimise effects of enforcement activities undertaken during proceedings pending separately beforehand. Achieving the objectives of combining proceedings is beneficial for the creditor, the bailiff and for the debtor as well. The analysis focuses on the development of the concept of ‘economic whole’ of several real properties as well as on the identification of conditions for admissibility of combining proceedings pending against several real properties developed based on regulations of the Code of Civil Proceedings. The analysis conducted in the article leads to the conclusion that if there is a combination of several proceedings, because real properties being subject to separate enforcement proceedings constitute an economic whole, the whole as well as each real property are to be described and estimated, and next, if this is not contrary to the objective of enforcement understood as the optimization of effectiveness and efficiency of enforcement and if this may lead to better results than the sales of individual real properties separately, the should be sold jointly.

New LMI approach to [formula omitted] control of discrete-time singular systems

This article studies the problem of feedback H∞ control for discrete-time singular system. The objective is to design the controller to make the closed-loop system admissible and satisfy the specified H∞ performance. Firstly, the admissibility of the closed-loop system is analyzed via the Lyapunov function and linear matrix inequality (LMI) method, the admissibility condition of the singular system with H∞ performance is given. Then, applying a useful matrix inequality lemma, the controller design condition for discrete-time singular system is shown by a LMI. Specially, the benefit of the proposed design result is their less conservatism, the validity of the viewpoint is proposed by numeric illustrations.

On different approaches to integrable lattice models

Interaction-round the face (IRF) models are two-dimensional lattice models of statistical mechanics defined by an affine Lie algebra and admissibility conditions depending on a choice of representation of that affine Lie algebra. Integrable IRF models, i.e. the models the Boltzmann weights of which satisfy the quantum Yang–Baxter equation, are of particular interest. In this paper, we investigate trigonometric Boltzmann weights of integrable IRF models. By using an ansatz proposed by one of the authors in some previous works, the Boltzmann weights of the restricted IRF models based on the affine Lie algebras su(2)k and su(3)k are computed for fundamental and adjoint representations for some fixed levels k. New solutions for the Boltzmann weights are obtained. We also study the vertex-IRF correspondence in the context of an unrestricted IRF model based on su(3)k (for general k) and discuss how it can be used to find Boltzmann weights in terms of the quantum R^ matrix when the adjoint representation defines the admissibility conditions.

Допустимість використання штучного інтелекту у правоохоронній діяльності

The article defines the admissibility conditions for the practical use of conclusions (solutions) regarding artificial intelligence in law enforcement activities. A warning was expressed that depending on the circumstances of its specific application and use and the level of technological development, artificial intelligence may create risks and harm state or private interests and the fundamental rights of individuals. The admissibility of using artificial intelligence systems and conclusions (decisions) of artificial intelligence in law enforcement activities is established as a reason for conducting an additional check but not a basis for making a decisive decision by a law enforcement and law enforcement body. Attention is focused on the fact that artificial intelligence systems help law enforcement officers make decisions and not make decisions instead of law enforcement officers. Modern scientific views on using artificial intelligence systems in law enforcement activities are analyzed. The guiding provisions of the draft legislative resolution of the European Parliament on the proposal for the regulation of the European Parliament and the Council on the establishment of harmonized rules on artificial intelligence (Law on artificial intelligence) and separate legal acts of Ukraine in the field of development and use of artificial intelligence technologies are analyzed. It is concluded that there needs to be a proper scientific substantiation of the permissible limits (legal, ethical) of the use of conclusions (decisions) of artificial intelligence in law enforcement activities and the lack of specialists who can create and properly control artificial intelligence technologies. The expediency of developing the Code of Ethics for artificial intelligence with the participation of a wide range of interested parties, including law enforcement officers, is supported. It is noted that there is a need to bring the current legislation in the field of using artificial intelligence technologies into compliance with international legal acts and established standards, in particular regarding the admissibility (acceptability) of using the conclusions (decisions) of artificial intelligence in law enforcement activities and increasing the level of professional training of specialists to provide the field of artificial intelligence technologies with qualified staff capable of monitoring the process of applying artificial intelligence technologies in law enforcement activities. Keywords: artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence technologies, law enforcement activities, law enforcement agencies.

Predictors and outcomes of extubation failures in a pediatric intensive care unit: A retrospective study

ObjectivesThis study was aimed at determining the extubation failure (EF) rate in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and assessing the etiology, associated risk factors, and outcomes. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study on 335 pediatric patients admitted to King Abdulaziz University Hospital between 2018 and 2020, ranging in age from 1 month to 14 years, who required invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) for >24 h. Extubation readiness was determined by the attending pediatric intensive care physician, according to the patients’ clinical status and extubation readiness criteria. ResultsIn the cohort of 335 patients, 42 experienced issues during extubation (failure rate, 12.5%). Cardiovascular disease (42.9%) was the main primary admission condition in patients with EF. Younger age (median, interquartile range [IQR]: 4, 1.38–36 months) was strongly associated with EF compared with successful extubation (median, IQR: 12, 2–48; p = 0.036), and with a high predicted mortality rate (10.9%; p < 0.001) and Pediatric Risk of Mortality III (PRISM) score (13; p < 0.001). Furthermore, prolonged ICU stay (25.5 days; p < 0.001) and longer MV requirements (4 days; p < 0.001) before extubation in patients with EF were associated with a high mortality rate (∼12%; p < 0.001). Interestingly, dexamethasone administration before extubation significantly alleviated EF risk (28.3%; p < 0.001). ConclusionA higher EF rate in younger patients may potentially be associated with longer ICU stays, prolonged MV requirements before extubation, and the primary diagnostic condition. Dexamethasone effectively alleviated EF incidence. Further research with a rigorous evidence-based study design is necessary to substantiate the factors identified as predictors of EF and to develop strategies to avoid EF.

Optimization of Diagnosis-Related Groups for 14,246 Patients with Uterine Leiomyoma in a Single Center in Western China Using a Machine Learning Model.

Uterine leiomyoma (UL) is one of the most common benign tumors in women, and its incidence is gradually increasing in China. The clinical complications of UL have a negative impact on women's health, and the cost of treatment poses a significant burden on patients. Diagnosis-related groups (DRG) are internationally recognized as advanced healthcare payment management methods that can effectively reduce costs. However, there are variations in the design and grouping rules of DRG policies across different regions. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors influencing the hospitalization costs of patients with UL and optimize the design of DRG grouping schemes to provide insights for the development of localized DRG grouping policies. The Mann-Whitney U-test or the Kruskal-Wallis H-test was employed for univariate analysis, and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was utilized to identify the primary influencing factors of hospitalization costs for UL. Case combination classification was conducted using the exhaustive chi-square automatic interactive detection (E-CHAID) algorithm within a decision tree framework. Age, occupation, number of hospitalizations, type of medical insurance, Transfer to other departments, length of stay (LOS), type of UL, admission condition, comorbidities and complications, type of primary procedure, other types of surgical procedures, and discharge method had a significant impact on hospitalization costs (P<0.05). Among them, the type of primary procedure, other types of surgical procedures, and LOS were the main factors influencing hospitalization costs. By incorporating the type of primary procedure, other types of surgical procedures, and LOS into the decision tree model, patients were divided into 11 DRG combinations. Hospitalization costs for UL are mainly related to the type of primary procedure, other types of surgical procedures, and LOS. The DRG case combinations of UL based on E-CHAID algorithm are scientific and reasonable.

Development of a natural language chatbot interface for website users

Today, there are a variety of technology solutions for creating chatbots, including universal platforms such as Google's Dialogflow, Microsoft's Azure Bot Service, and IBM's Watson Assistant, as well as chatbot builders such as ActiveChat, SendPulse, and BotPress. The disadvantage of the considered platforms and designers is the limitation of the free plan. This study considered the development and integration of an informative chatbot into the department's website in order to create a virtual assistant for potential applicants and applicants. The relevance of the study is due to the modern conditions of admission, limited opportunities to conduct career guidance events in connection with the consequences of the COVID 19 pandemic and the war on the territory of Ukraine. The object of research is a system of informing website users using natural language. A software product has been developed, which is an information system for applicants. The dynamic JavaScript programming language combined with the Node.js code execution environment and the Telegraf library was chosen to create the chatbot. The Heroku cloud platform with an integrated Heroku PostgreSQL database became the server for the operation of the chatbot. The system is implemented using the @BotFather Telegram service, which makes it possible to integrate it into any web resource. The stages of chatbot development are highlighted with examples of information, linguistic, and technical support. An analysis of the compliance of the developed chatbot with regard to the criteria of informativeness, multimodality, emotionality, productivity, and interactivity was carried out. The structure of the information content of the chatbot, which includes a set of modules, has been developed. A test version of the chatbot has been designed, tested, and integrated into the website of the Department of Applied Linguistics, which will continue to be tested and improved in 2023–2024. Practical significance: the structure of information content and the method of developing a chatbot could be used to develop authentic systems for informing applicants in institutions of higher education

Robust stabilization for uncertain discrete–time singular Markovian jump systems with time–varying delays

AbstractThe stabilization problem for uncertain discrete‐time singular Markovian jump systems (DSMJSs) with time‐varying delays is comprehensively covered in this paper. An updated Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional is presented via a discrete state decomposition method. With the help of this constructed Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, some delay‐ and mode‐dependent sufficient conditions for the open‐loop DSMJSs are derived. Based on these circumstances, a memory mode‐dependent state feedback control is used to create a closed‐loop DSMJS with parameter uncertainties that is regular and causal. And then, the stochastically admissible conditions are attained. Through the exact calculation of each decomposition component for the designed memory state feedback controller, the intended memory state feedback controller settings are determined. It should be mentioned that the algorithm suggested in this article expands the controller design's feasibility and flexibility. The numerical results show how the approach is superior to previous ones, and the given results are less conservative.

Mesh-free kinematic shakedown analysis of cohesive soils

A novel mesh-free solution is proposed for kinematic shakedown analysis of cohesive soils under repeating loads. For this purpose, the continuous velocity field in the mathematical expression of Koiter’s theorem is discretized by the Radial Point Interpolation Method (RPIM), as a mesh-free approach. The strain rate smoothing technique is implemented in conjunction with the RPIM to satisfy the admissibility conditions at the entire problem domain. Using the nodal integration and the discretized velocity field, the kinematic shakedown problem is expressed as a nonlinear optimization problem. The optimization problem is solved by separation of plastic and non-plastic/rigid zones using a repetitive algorithm. Eventually, the efficiency of the proposed approach is elucidated by solving examples of a strip footing resting on cohesive soil and a cohesive half space pavement under repeating loads.

Delay-dependent set-invariance for linear difference equations with multiple delays: a polyhedral approach

This paper revisits the set-invariance for linear delay-difference equations and proposes novel delay-dependent notions in contrast with the existing delay-independent constructions available in the literature. The main tool in this endeavour is the model transformation by means of a matrix parametrization, which opens the way to the elaboration of delay-dependent conditions for set invariance. For the class of polyhedral sets, it will be shown how these transformed models enable particularly structured invariance conditions. Aside from the mathematical developments, a discussion of the delay-dependent conditions with respect to the confinement of the state trajectories of the original system will be presented. The relationship will be established by means of constraints involving the initial states for the time-delay systems. The characterization of this set of admissible initial conditions can be analysed in terms of complexity and conservativeness with respect to the classical delay-independent set-invariance. An illustrative example is provided to underline that confinement of state trajectories in a set can be achieved even though this is not invariant according to the classical definition.

Rota–Baxter mock-Lie bialgebras and related structures

The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of Rota–Baxter mock-Lie bialgebras [Formula: see text] and their admissibility conditions in terms of dual representations [Formula: see text]. Next, we show that Rota–Baxter mock-Lie bialgebras are characterized by matched pairs and Manin triples of Rota–Baxter mock-Lie algebras. Furthermore, the coboundary case leads to the introduction of the admissible mock-Lie Yang–Baxter equation in Rota–Baxter mock-Lie algebras, whose skew-symmetric solutions are used to construct Rota–Baxter mock-Lie bialgebras.

Advanced PLL structures for grid synchronization in distributed generation

The actual grid code requirements include specific demands for grid connected wind power generation facilities. The Transmission System Operators are specially concerned about the Low Voltage Ride Through requirements which are becoming more restrictive in terms of the admissible disconnection conditions, but also in the active/reactive power that wind farms should inject to the network under fault conditions to support the grid. Solutions based on the installation of STATCOMs and DVRs, as well as on advanced control functionalities for the existing power converters of wind power plants, have contributed to enhance their response under faulty and distorted scenarios, and hence to fulfill these requirements. However, in order to achieve satisfactory results with such systems it is necessary to count on accurate and fast grid voltage synchronization algorithms, able to work under unbalanced and distorted conditions. This paper analyzes the synchronization capability of three advanced synchronization systems: the DDSRF-PLL, the DSOGI-PLL and the 3phEPLL, designed to work under such conditions. In the following the different algorithms will be presented and discretized and finally their performance, as well as its computational cost, will be tested in an experimental setup controlled by a means of a TMS28335 floating point DSP.

English

Some characterizations of left(or right) Hom-alternative algebras are given. Using a Hom-Bol algebra structure on a left(or right) Hom-alternative algebra, a necessary and sufficient condition for Hom-Malcev admissibility of a left(or right) Hom-alternative algebra is obtained.

On the quantization of FLPR model

In this paper, we quantize the Friedberg–Lee–Pang–Ren (FLPR) model, using an admissible gauge condition, within the framework of modified Faddeev–Jackiw formalism. Further, we deduce the gauge symmetries and establish off-shell nilpotent and absolutely anti-commuting (anti-)BRST symmetries. We also show that the physical states of the theory are annihilated by the first class constraints which is consistent à la Dirac formalism.

Income smoothing in Brazilian credit unions: the effects of default

Purpose: This research aims to analyze whether credit unions manage their accounting results in order to smooth them through the provision for doubtful accounts (income smoothing), from a default perspective.&#x0D; Methodology: The sample reaches 938 unique cooperatives considering the period from December 2010 to December 2018, with data from the Central Bank of Brazil, tested using the multiple regression statistical technique, in quarterly panels.&#x0D; Results: The variation in the stock of credit operations and the adjusted net income were not statistically significant in the model, however it was not possible to accept the hypothesis that credit unions use the allowance for loan losses (PCLD) as a mechanism for managing results. The interest rate implicit in the result of income from credit operations was significant, and therefore related to the PCLD variation, while the condition of free admission did not show statistical significance. The variation in default was significant in the model, with a negative coefficient, implying consistency with the earnings management hypothesis, since in a scenario of higher default (risk) the relationship is negative and, therefore, PCLD levels are lower, avoiding potential negative results.&#x0D; Contributions of the Study: The results indicate the absence of earnings management by PCLD in the sample and period, contributing to the discussion of the relationships between earnings management variables. This enables credit unions to reflect on their internal corporate governance structure. In addition, the evidence contributes to the progress of the literature on earnings manipulation in credit unions, for which there are few studies available and play an important role in the Brazilian market, ensuring funding flows to economic sectors not served by traditional banking institutions.

Innovations in forensic medicine: accuracy, evidence and effectiveness of expertises in emergencies in case of mass fatality

The article presents the main innovative methods used in forensic expert practice at the current stage, reveals the principle and algorithms of the developed software complex for registration and identification of the deceased. The proposed program automatically generates four documents, which reduces the time required for forensic expertise in the conditions of mass admission of deceased. The article's authors substantiate prospects of further application of computer technologies in forensic practice to improve organizational and methodological activities in emergencies with a large number of deceased.

ПІДГОТОВКА ФАХІВЦІВ ІЗ ВИЩОЮ ОСВІТОЮ В УМОВАХ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ГАЛУЗІ

The purpose of the article is to study the changes taking place in the higher education system and their impact on the training of specialists in all forms of education. The authors analyse the legislative and regulatory framework governing the application of new mechanisms for the payment of tuition fees through state grants, the possibility for applicants to create an individual educational trajectory, and the preferential conditions for admission to specialties supported by the state. The authors have studied a number of scientific sources on the subject matter. The article presents the results of the analysis of the network of higher education institutions (HEIs) operating in the academic years 2014/2015–2023/2024, which showed a decrease in their number during the study period. The study was conducted on the basis of information from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Unified State Electronic Database on Education, data from the software and technological complex "Admission and Graduation Volumes of Applicants by Higher Education Institutions in 2024", which contains state order indicators for institutions managed by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (MESU), and open source data. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the volumes of state orders for the training of specialists with higher education, as approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in 2024 and 2023, which revealed an overall decrease in budget places for bachelor's degrees (by 12.88%), alongside a significant increase in certain specialities which are in demand during the war and post-war recovery. The article also provides data on the number of applications and recommendations for admission to a bachelor's degree in 2024. These data are not final and may change in the process of adjustment by the MESU.

Physico-Chemical Assessment of the Quality of Sewage Sludge from the Lukaya Water Treatment Plant in Mont-Ngafula in DR Congo

Water treatment generates several by-products consisting mainly of sludge. At a time when landfill admission conditions are strengthening, the quantities of waste sludge from factories are only increasing. The combination of these two factors poses significant challenges for the future, and makes it imperative to control the fate of sludge. The evaluation of physicochemical parameters of sludge constitutes a vast field of action and a heavy responsibility for factories. On the one hand, it is necessary to limit the cost on an economic level while protecting the environment by developing solutions that can minimize nuisance. To this end, our work aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters (hydrogen potential (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), dryness, humidity, nitrate ion) of the sludge at the level of the Lukaya water treatment plant in Mont-Ngafula. The results obtained prove that the sewage sludge from the Lukaya Plant benefits from pre-treatment inside the plant before being released into nature, where the environment will not be contaminated after excrement. of this sludge in nature. He results showed neutral pH contents ranging from 8 to 8.2 in the 3 samples analyzed, thus proving that these sludges have acceptable pH contents because the required average is between 7-8 for sludges disposable in the environment. The electrical conductivity remained in the range of 16 and 17 mS /cm, it is well below the standard which requires it to be between 200 and 800 mS /cm. itrate levels remain below 50 mg/L in all samples analyzed, which makes this sludge low in nitrogen. He dryness tells us that it is solid sludge because it is between 67 and 68%, which ipso facto implies a low moisture content of around 75%. Thus, in view of these results, our study concludes that the upstream treatment of the sludge by the plant is effective and needs to be strengthened in order to further stabilize the physicochemical parameters of this sludge, in this case the conductivity. Electrical and nitrate content before release into the environment. This is how recommendations aimed at strengthening upstream treatment efforts for sewage sludge by the plant were also formulated.