Academic Backgrounds Research Articles

Health Cadre Training on Understanding Caries, Dental Supporting Tissue and Dental Systemic Diseases at Aisyiyah Pandowoharjo Sleman Yogyakarta

Abstract. Dental and oral health for most people is still not a priority, this can be seen from the data that dental and oral diseases still dominate Indonesian society. Support from community group cadres is needed to increase awareness of dental and oral health, especially regarding dental caries and perio tissue disease, because these two diseases are the most common oral diseases in society. Mothers who are members of Aisyiah in Pandowoharjo District, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, are potential cadres to help increase public awareness of real actions to maintain dental and oral health and specifically recognize dental caries and periodontal tissue disease, including preventive measures and early detection. However, to make Aisyiah members into cadres, effective training is needed because the partners do not have academic or professional backgrounds related to health. The training for Aisyiah member mothers will involve colleagues from FKG UMY who specialize in dental caries and periodontal tissue so that they can explain actual case examples and provide appropriate input for training participants. However, it is preceded by an introduction to the basics of dental and oral health, especially those related to dental caries and perio tissue.

PRECEDENCE AND IMPACT OF FLIPPED CLASSROOM ON STUDENT ENGAGEMENT: MEDIATING STUDY USING SEM-PLS

This research confirms that an e-learning method such as the flipped classroom model improves active learning through students' engagement, critical thinking, and preparation for class. The research shows that when students were engaged in the class, liked learning new material, and were interested in it, they were more emotionally involved in the flipped classroom content, participated in class, felt good about themselves, and had fun. Afterwards, they demonstrated behavioural engagement by attending class, paying attention, and making an effort to complete assignments and participate in group work as instructed by their concerned teacher. Method: The participants were undergraduates enrolled in a BBA programme and postgraduate MBA course students studying at the university level in the Delhi-NCR region. 261 students, almost 35 per cent of the total population across all years, filled out the questionnaire. A questionnaire developed on Google Forms was distributed among students via the Google Classroom platform and WhatsApp. Students in the classroom were exposed to the flipped learning method using Edmodo and Google Classroom. Findings: Through the consequences of this study, it is demonstrated that, although there is an immediate and positive connection between Flipped Classroom Learning and student Engagement (t-esteem 33.146), the relationship is also positively mediated by (t-value 4.782) and Student Class Preparation (t-value 4.585). It is suggested to increase the scope of the study so that, rather than drawing a study sample from a single institution, future research includes participants from various academic backgrounds and institutions. Practical Implications: This research confirms that a flipped classroom model improves active learning through students' engagement, critical thinking, and preparation for class. This indicates that students were more emotionally invested in the flipped study hall content when they were keen on the class, delighted in learning new data, participated in class, felt good about themselves, and had fun.

Seeking Remedy for Improving International College Students’ Reading Comprehension

This report reflects on the findings of one of the projects within a series of research studies in the field of multimodality conducted by the author of the current paper with different samples of participants in the US university settings. The principal investigator (PI) designed this qualitative case study and had it approved by the IRB committee. Vygotsky’s socio-cultural constructivism theory has been found most appropriate to lay the ground for this research as the sample was purposefully assembled of 14 International English language learning (ELL) students newly arrived in the United States from their significantly diverging social and academic backgrounds. The PI’s practical teaching experiences and the results of her previously conducted studies with the other groups of participants urged this researcher to further search for some efficient strategies and means of learning, which might help these specific student populations with their deeper reading comprehension of complicated academic texts they were otherwise struggling to comprehend. As claimed by this investigator, usage of multimodality might have a strong potential to assist the International ELL college students with their reading comprehension. Within this current project, data were collected via participant and site observations, surveys, artifacts in the form of the comprehension tests, and individual interviews with participants. All the data were coded, analyzed, and triangulated aiming to find recurring themes. This research found that participants recognized the visual mode of multimodality most helpful to them, followed by the auditory, and print-based ones. In the surveys and interviews, the participating students outlined a range of multimodal reading comprehension strategies, which they perceived as most efficient while their working on this project tasks. The comprehension test results served as the evidence in support of the interview- and survey-based data. High significance of the findings of this research is in their applicability to the wide populations of the International ELL college students in the US colleges and world-wide.

Research data sharing: Practices and perceptions of researchers at the selected universities in Tanzania

Despite the presence of multiple platforms for research data sharing such as data repositories, journal systems, social media, and portable devices, the practice of data sharing has not well been deployed in many universities in Africa including Tanzania. Therefore, this study investigated research data sharing at the selected universities in Tanzania. Specifically, the study sought to explore the research data sharing practices as well as determine the researchers’ perceptions of research data sharing. This study used a cross-section survey design, where both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used. A sample size of 200 was drawn from a population of 1846 of the universities under study. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from researchers while interviews were used to collect data from the university leaders. The findings indicate that researchers were practicing research data sharing in the surveyed institutions at different levels. The study has also revealed that researchers were mostly practicing sharing of research data within their research groups. Further, it was found that most of the respondents were willing to use others’ research data compared to their data sets being used by others. Moreover, the academic backgrounds of the researchers were significantly important in research data-sharing practices. The study also found that researchers perceived that sharing of research data could easily be done if researchers would benefit from sharing the research data or if researchers would be forced to share their research data. The study concludes that, researchers at the surveyed institutions have been practicing research data sharing although at the minimum level. The study recommends the establishment of research data-sharing national framework that can guide all entities and activities related to research data sharing.

Clustering Analysis of Internal and External Factors Affecting Post-Pandemic Study Duration in XYZ Educational Institution Using the Orange Application

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on various economic sectors in Indonesia, including the education system. Consequently, the educational landscape has undergone substantial changes, such as the shift from traditional classroom instruction to online learning. All students, regardless of their academic or non-academic backgrounds, have benefited from this transition in numerous ways. We are interested in identifying the most crucial factors that determine long-term learning outcomes and how academic and non-academic factors influence students' academic performance. The study will be conducted in October 2022 at SMK Negeri 6 Pekanbaru, and 529 out of 1400 participants will be randomly selected. We will use a Google Form with 22 questions to collect quantitative data.

Healthcare Professionals' Perception Regarding Patient Rights and Safety in Najran, Saudi Arabia.

Patient safety and rights are the most crucial aspects of healthcare quality. In Saudi Arabia, there is a paucity of evidence concerning the perspectives of healthcare providers on the rights and safety of patients. Hence, this study aimed to assess the perceptions of healthcare providers toward patients' rights and safety in Najran, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in Najran, Saudi Arabia, from December 2022 to October 2023, utilizing an online survey. This study included 307 healthcare providers who responded to the questionnaire via Google web link (Google LLC, Mountain View, California, United States). The present research comprised 307 healthcare personnel, of whom 65.8% were male and possessed a variety of academic backgrounds. The participants exhibited a high level of support for patients' rights, as evidenced by their agreement with 88.4-90% of questions on a variety of dimensions; this demonstrated their dedication to providing patient-centered care. Concerning medical errors, a significant proportion of respondents (74.9-86.1%) exhibited comprehensive comprehension and a readiness to disclose such incidents. Diverse viewpoints surfaced regarding the attribution of errors, the necessity of reporting, and the accountability for disclosure. The interdependence of patient rights and attitudes towards patient safety was highlighted by substantial positive correlations. The viewpoints of healthcare professionals regarding medical errors and patients' liberties were discussed in this study. Advocacy for patients' rights is indicative of a commitment to patient-centered care that prioritizes autonomy and transparency. Although most participants demonstrated a willingness to report medical errors and possess a solid comprehension of their causes, divergent views emerged regarding attribution and disclosure. The interrelation between patient rights and attitudes toward patient safety was supported by positive correlations. The significance of continuous education in healthcare to promote a safety culture and enhance patient-centric practices is underscored by these results.Future research is needed to investigate the effects of culturally tailored interventions on the attitudes and practices of healthcare providers in Najran with regard to patient rights and safety.

거점 국립대학교 선출직 총장의 특성 분석(1988~2023)

Objectives The purposes of this study is to analyze the characteristics of presidents appointed at major national universities in South Korea over a period of 35 years since the introduction of the direct presidential appointment system in 1988. The research questions are as follows: First, what are the demographic characteristics, academic backgrounds, and career experiences of presidents at major national universities? Second, are there any differ-ences in the demographic characteristics, academic backgrounds, and career experiences of presidents based on the universities they lead?
 Methods To achieve the study’s objectives, data on 78 presidents of nine major national universities appointed since 1988 were collected from various sources, including the university websites, the Korea Research Foundation's Korean Researcher Information, the Korea University Newspaper, Naver Person Information, and the Korea Press Promotion Foundation's BIG KINDS. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 27.0 program. Descriptive statistics were initially calculated to identify the overall trends, and ANOVA and chi-square tests were conducted to detect differences between groups.
 Results Most of the presidents of national universities were male and were appointed in their late 50s. They often had regional connections. All the elected presidents were professors, and most of them had prior experience in executive-level positions at the university. These characteristics were consistent across the nine major uni-versities studied. However, the ratio of presidents from their alma mater and the characteristics of the president's academic field exhibited slight variations depending on the university. Notably, the proportion of presidents from their alma mater sometimes exhibited significant differences between universities.
 Conclusions This study analyzes who became president by examining the characteristics of elected presidents rather than explaining why they became president. The study results simply illustrate the characteristics of elect-ed presidents over the past 35 years. To explain why someone became president, further research is needed to understand how these characteristics influence the presidential election process.

Breaking barriers in higher education: Implementation of cost-effective social constructivism in engineering education

Social constructivism is considered the main driver of curriculum overhaul for the new set of learning in the digital age. Implementation of cost-effective solutions of social constructivism in higher education is a challenge. The paper circumnavigates around the principle and practice methods and implemented in a module design for robotics teaching to students from diverse academic backgrounds and familiarity levels. A gap analysis between the current practices of a generalized module design and a social constructive approach revealed the specific areas for a focussed approach to consider. Such strategies are employed in the module redesigning strategy and found cost-effective and impactful in Engineering higher education. The designed module is presented to engineering students in an integrated robotics education in the context of control, communication, sensing and biomechatronics. Multiple implemented innovations for social constructivism in different aspects of the module have not only made it a popular option among engineering students but also resulted in better engagement, student achievement, inclusivity, and resource utilization.

Editorial Presentation - Perspectives on innovation governance: challenges and dilemmas

Editorial Presentation - Perspectives on innovation governance: challenges and dilemmas

Scientific Theories and Their Psychological Corollaries: The Ecological Crisis as a Case Study in the Need for Synthesis

That policy makers will ever rationally respond to scientific warnings about the ecological crisis should be treated as a falsifiable hypothesis. After more than five decades of such warnings, there is a strong case for skepticism. Climate and other ecological tipping points constitute the quantitative thresholds beyond which current political systems can definitively be said to have failed. This presents a mandate to generate broad consensus on where tipping points lie, and at what proximity to them new strategies should be pursued. Central to any new strategy should be an understanding of why the old one failed—an understanding of why those in power almost exclusively derive from academic backgrounds other than physical science, and the psychological differences between those who issued or received so many warnings of collapse. To that end, a psychological trait syndrome relevant to political power is proposed, based on correlations between academic specialization, psychometric results, and the behavior of powerful people across a wide range of societies. This proposed syndrome consists of four covarying dimensions of individual difference. These are perceptions of hierarchy vs. egalitarianism, established knowledge vs. open inquiry, physical vs. symbolic action, and schematic vs. particular knowledge.

Internship and career adaptability: addressing occupational stigma and identity for hospitality management students

ObjetivoLa elevada tasa de rotación entre los trabajadores en prácticas agrava la escasez de recursos humanos en el sector de la hostelería. Este estudio se basa en preocupaciones previas sobre el impacto del estigma ocupacional y las prácticas en la intención de rotación. Explora principalmente cómo influye la adaptabilidad profesional de los becarios en su percepción del estigma ocupacional y la identidad ocupacional.Diseño/metodología/enfoqueMediante un muestreo estratificado, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 34 encuestados con formación académica y profesional. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante el método de análisis temático.ResultadosEste estudio demuestra que un alto nivel de adaptabilidad profesional contribuye a reducir la percepción de estigma ocupacional de los estudiantes en prácticas y a reforzar su identidad ocupacional. Los estudiantes de escuelas académicas y de formación profesional muestran diferentes niveles de adaptabilidad profesional en términos de adecuación al puesto de trabajo y promoción profesional. Además, la influencia a largo plazo sobre la identidad ocupacional es más significativa del potencial de desarrollo profesional en comparación con la adaptación laboral.Limitaciones/implicaciones de la investigaciónEl estudio aporta información valiosa sobre la compleja relación entre el estigma ocupacional y la identidad ocupacional desde la perspectiva de la adaptabilidad profesional. Además, pone de relieve la importancia de la adaptación del puesto de trabajo, el emparejamiento, la promoción y el desarrollo profesional para retener el talento dentro de la industria de la hostelería.Originalidad/valorEste estudio se centra de forma innovadora en la adecuación al puesto de trabajo y la promoción profesional para hacer frente al estigma laboral. También tiene en cuenta los antecedentes educativos de los becarios, lo que facilita una mayor comprensión de la identidad ocupacional bajo la influencia del estigma. Se aporta una nueva perspectiva sobre la adaptación y la retención del talento en la industria de la hostelería.

PROMOTING URBAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH COLLABORATIVE TRAINING OF TRAINERS PROGRAM PHASE 1 BETWEEN KARANG TARUNA UNIT 04 ULUJAMI AND UNIVERSITAS BUDI LUHUR

This paper discusses the conduct of community service held by the International Relations Study Program, Universitas Budi Luhur (UBL), in collaboration with the Communication Science Study Program UBL, Karang Taruna Unit (RW) 04 Ulujami, and journalist from March to July 2023. This program continues previous activities under a planned program developed in 2022 to be implemented in 2 years. Within the current period, the program was conducted through training for trainers (ToT) for the management and members of Karang Taruna Unit 4 Ulujami. The workshop covered serial presentations and simulations about digital literacy and peace education. As the final activities, the program not only involved 22 members of Karang Taruna, but also around 60 UBL students from various academic backgrounds and a national mass media journalist. The program results show a considerably high comprehension and determination of Karang Taruna members, not only to know about the issues discussed and shared but also to hone their skills. This achievement has become good news in setting the foundation for the continuation of the sustainable development program that would cover widened themes and be conducted through the implementation of a penta-helix bottom-up approach.

The Impact of Using Electronic Products on College Students' Learning Habits and Grades

In the digital era, the reliance of college students on electronic devices for their learning activities has grown significantly. The growing reliance on this has raised worries regarding its impact on students' learning preferences and academic achievements. As a result, the current study seeks to investigate how the utilization of electronic devices affects college students' studying patterns and academic outcomes. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive investigation will be conducted using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to gather data from college students representing diverse disciplines and academic backgrounds. Furthermore, this study will analyze the potential merits and drawbacks of employing electronic devices in an academic setting. Additionally, the investigation will delve into diverse elements linked to how the utilization of electronic devices impacts academic performance, such as usage duration, types of applications utilized, and individual differences among students. The anticipated results of this research hold the potential to significantly enrich the knowledge about the impact of electronic devices on students' study habits and academic performance. The study findings indicate a notable association between excessive use of electronic devices and academic performance decline among contemporary college students. Moreover, the widespread prevalence and integration of electronic products have, to some extent, altered the learning approach and lifestyle of college students.

How do social and academic integration develop over time? Longitudinal analyses of differences based on students’ sociodemographic background

ABSTRACT Although social and academic integration are considered significant predictors of academic success, little is known about their longitudinal development. In addition, cross-sectional research indicates differences in the integration process based on the sociodemographic background of students, but lacks longitudinal confirmation, especially in Germany. This research gap was addressed by examining students’ integration across three years with measures at four time points (N = 4270) based on data from the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS) in Germany. Longitudinal growth curve analyses were conducted considering interindividual differences between four groups: first-generation students with and without a migration background, and continuing-generation students with and without a migration background. Differences in students’ social and academic integration, measured by several sub-dimensions, partly supported expected advantages for students from academic backgrounds without a migration background, both at the first time point and regarding the longitudinal development. Nevertheless, these differences were small and partly accompanied by non-significant findings highlighting similarities across students. Assumptions about differences between students and implications for future research on the longitudinal development of student integration are discussed.

Income Inequality and Childrens Pressures

Childrens academic backgrounds can vary widely because of the different resources that come with income inequality. Thus, children can become increasingly stressed academically. Under pressure that is difficult to regulate, young peoples mental health can easily be af-fected. Therefore, we need to understand such a situation and take countermeasures. This article explores the relationship between income inequality, sources of competitive stress, anxiety, and suicidal behavior, and potential psychological treatments for these problems. Finally, this work concludes that income inequality is associated with significant social class differences that can increase childrens academic competitive stress and affect their mental health.

The distance between the humanities and medicine: Building a critical thinking mindset by interdisciplinary dialogue through mind mapping

In this study, we investigate the gap between the humanities and medicine. We propose a methodology to bridge this gap by fostering critical thinking skills through interdisciplinary dialogue and mind mapping. A critical thinking mindset amongst students could be successfully developed through the use of interdisciplinary dialogue. Our objective is to equip students from diverse academic backgrounds with the ability to effectively evaluate medical and life science information.Our study employs Socratic questioning, interdisciplinary dialogue, and the implementation of structural and relational mind-mapping techniques. Through Socratic questioning, students engage in-depth discussions that challenge their existing knowledge and encourage them to explore different perspectives. This approach facilitates the integration of multiple viewpoints and enhances students' ability to think critically about medical concepts and their implications. To organize and visualize complex information, mind mapping techniques are employed. Structural and relational mind maps help students comprehend the relationships between various concepts and to identify patterns within the subject matter. By visually representing information, students gain a deeper understanding of medical and life science topics and can effectively analyse and synthesize information from a holistic perspective.The findings of the study reveal that the interdisciplinary dialogue approach, coupled with mind-mapping techniques, significantly contributed to the development of critical thinking skills amongst students. Through active participation in discussions and the application of Socratic questioning, students demonstrated improved comprehension of medical concepts and the ability to construct well-informed arguments. This teaching method emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in liberal education. Our findings demonstrate that involving students with different academic majors fosters a collaborative learning environment, where diverse perspectives are valued. This approach not only enhances knowledge exchange but also encourages creativity and innovation in the field of medicine.In conclusion, our study highlights the potential of interdisciplinary dialogue and mind mapping as effective tools to bridge the gap between humanities and medicine. The findings indicate that students who engage in interdisciplinary dialogue and utilize mind-mapping techniques develop a critical thinking mindset, enabling them to proficiently evaluate medical and life science information. By incorporating these approaches into liberal education, students are equipped with the necessary skills to navigate the complexities of the medical field and to contribute to the evolving healthcare challenges of our society.

A research on the adaptation problems of students returning from military service in higher education institutions based on subject knowledge mapping

Abstract The article examines the constraints that limit the learning adaptability of retired re-entry students, beginning with a discussion of their behavioral characteristics. It analyzes the smart learning supported by artificial intelligence technology, constructs a model of the learning adaptability of retired and re-entry students through the smart learning environment, and realizes the personalized learning path recommendation for retired and re-entry students based on the disciplinary knowledge map and KgRank algorithm. To investigate the adaptability of retired and re-study students in higher vocational colleges and universities, an empirical analysis was conducted. The results show that the students scored less than 3 in five aspects: the difficulty of the course, the teacher’s teaching style, the teacher-student relationship, the learning method, and the adaptability to university study. There is no significant difference between the adaptability of students of different genders and academic backgrounds, i.e., P>0.05, which indicates that the problem of adaptability of students returning from military service in higher vocational colleges and universities is more prominent, and colleges and universities must join forces with multiple departments to help students return to military service to adapt to the campus learning life better.

How to drive sustainable entrepreneurial intentions: Unraveling the nexus of entrepreneurship education ecosystem, attitude and orientation

AbstractWhile the nexus of the entrepreneurial education (EE) framework shapes education policies and promotes entrepreneurial opportunities to achieve global sustainable development goals, studies on the potential mechanisms by which the ecosystem dimension of entrepreneurial education (EEE) influences entrepreneurial behavior are still scarce. To address these lacunae, this research study investigates the interaction between EEE elements (institutional environment, course curriculum, and academic incubators) and sustainable entrepreneurial intention (SEI) and in addition, examines the role of attitude towards sustainability (ATS) as a mediator from the resource dependence perspective, deploying the theories of planned behavior and social cognitive career. Furthermore, we examine the moderating role of sustainable entrepreneurial orientation (SEO) in the relationship between ATS and SEI. We developed and tested a model on a sample of 402 university and academic institution students with diverse academic backgrounds using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Results indicate that ecosystem elements of EE and attitudinal attributes are crucial factors in promoting SEI. The indirect impact of EEE involves fostering ATS, which in turn augment SEI. The results also reveal that SEO is a moderator that shapes attitudes and career intentions towards sustainable entrepreneurship. In sum, the present empirical study sheds light on the pathway to build sustainable entrepreneurial careers through analyzing the ecosystem framework of entrepreneurship education. Implications, limitations, and future research avenues are discussed in detail.

Leveraging a comprehensive systems thinking framework to analyze engineer complex problem‐solving approaches

AbstractBackgroundTo prepare engineers who can address complex sociotechnical problems, a deep understanding of engineers' complex problem‐solving approaches is needed.Purpose/HypothesisThis study operationalizes comprehensive systems thinking as an analysis framework that attends to aspects of engineering work and relationships among those aspects. Leveraging this framework to analyze engineers' complex problem‐solving approaches enables attention to social and technical dimensions.Design/MethodWe interviewed 46 engineers about their specific complex problem‐solving experiences. To explore a range of perspectives, we purposely sampled participants with varying academic, professional, and personal backgrounds and experiences. Data analysis focused on operationalizing comprehensive systems thinking; we first developed a set of aspects that captured the variety of considerations that participants discussed in their descriptions of solving a complex problem. We then inductively developed a scoring guide to differentiate response quality.ResultsThe scoring approach differentiated the quality of consideration based on a combination of the number of details provided, the degree of specificity, and analytical depth. While most participants discussed the consideration of a wide range of aspects of engineering work, they discussed far fewer possible relationships between these aspects. Contextual aspects of engineering work were consistently the least commonly identified and least likely to be considered in relation to other aspects of a given problem.ConclusionsOur differentiation of various complex problem‐solving approaches can guide the development of educational interventions and tools, ultimately facilitating more comprehensive consideration of aspects—and in particular relationships among aspects—and setting up engineers to be more successful at developing appropriate solutions.

INNOVATIVE APPROACH OF TRANSFORMING SUBJECT OF PHOTOGRAPHY INTO A PRACTICAL, SKILL-BASED TOPIC THAT MEETS NEP 2020 STANDARDS

One of the key topics in the study of mass communication is photography. Its also one of the most sought-after disciplines among students of all academic backgrounds. However, due to the price of a DSLR camera and the academic feasibility of the topic, it is only being widely introduced at a theoretical level. With the implementation of NEP, we now have the opportunity to make the topic practical and skill-based. One should be able to use a DSLR (Digital Single Reflex lens) camera in order to have a thorough comprehension of the topic. Students must practice taking photos using a DSLR camera for this. In this work, the researcher has attempted to provide Innovative proposals and a road map for making photography an academically viable topic based on his experience.