Abstract
Considerable efforts are currently being made by several international working groups focused on the development of generic, also known as simplified or standard, wind turbine models for power system stability studies. In this sense, the first edition of International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61400-27-1, which defines generic dynamic simulation models for wind turbines, was published in February 2015. Nevertheless, the correlations of the IEC generic models with respect to specific wind turbine manufacturer models are required by the wind power industry to validate the accuracy and corresponding usability of these standard models. The present work conducts the validation of the two topologies of variable speed wind turbines that present not only the largest market share, but also the most technological advances. Specifically, the doubly-fed induction machine and the full-scale converter (FSC) topology are modeled based on the IEC 61400-27-1 guidelines. The models are simulated for a wide range of voltage dips with different characteristics and wind turbine operating conditions. The simulated response of the IEC generic model is compared to the corresponding simplified model of a wind turbine manufacturer, showing a good correlation in most cases. Validation error sources are analyzed in detail, as well. In addition, this paper reviews in detail the previous work done in this field. Results suggest that wind turbine manufacturers are able to adjust the IEC generic models to represent the behavior of their specific wind turbines for power system stability analysis.
Highlights
A new record of wind power capacity installed in a single year was reached in 2015, adding 63 GW in a single year
Voltage dip magnitude and duration, as well as several wind turbine load conditions have been taken into account for validation purposes based on the test cases defined by 61400-21 [58], which are required by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61400-27 guidelines, and on some additional simulation scenarios considered
Until the publication of the IEC 61400-27-1 in February 2015, there was a lack of standard models—i.e., generic or simplified—able to represent the behavior of wind turbines
Summary
A new record of wind power capacity installed in a single year was reached in 2015, adding 63 GW in a single year. At the end of 2015, the number of countries with more than 1 GW installed capacity was equal to 26 In this sense, the wind power capacity currently installed in the European Union (EU) is able to produce 315 TWh of electricity in an average wind year, which is enough to cover 11.4% of the EU’s total electricity consumption in 2015. Wind power covers a high share of the electricity consumption. In Denmark, wind energy has contributed to demand coverage with more than 30% from 2012 [2], rising up to 42% in 2015. Wind power in Spain represented the first contribution to demand coverage among all other energy sources during 2013, representing an average electricity
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