Abstract
As the demand for transport is growing, more and more attention is being paid to its quality aspects. These include, among other things, efficiency, safety, and a continuous effort to reduce external costs. That is why the transport policies of the EU countries and individual regions are increasingly addressing the issue of sustainable transport development. Multimodal transport, which is seen as a key element to effectively counterbalance the dominant role of vehicle transport in the economic progress of the European Community, plays an important role in these programmes. For consistency and continuity of freight flows, cooperation between neighbouring countries and regions is essential. The future of multimodal freight transport within the cross-border area of Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia is not as evident as the transport policies imply. Therefore, the purpose of the paper is to identify a set of factors determining the development of multimodal transport within the cross-border area of TRITIA (The European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation of the four regional governments of Moravian-Silesian Region (CZ), Opole Voivodeship (PL), Silesian Voivodeship (PL) and Žilina Self-governing Region (SK)) and to develop four scenarios, the execution of which in the 2030 perspective depends on the implementation of cross-border infrastructure and organisational projects and the increasing level of cooperation in the field of multimodal transport. The article contains the methodology for developing scenarios of multimodal freight transport development. The research showed that initiating activities targeted at the development of multimodal transport within the cross-border area requires the involvement of all participants in the process, i.e., all countries (Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia), along with many different stakeholders. The future development of multimodal transport as provided for in the scenarios is not linearly correlated with the increase in cooperation and the number of implemented infrastructure and organisational projects. It is vital for future research to define the role of stakeholders both in terms of cooperation and collaboration development.
Highlights
One of the most essential tasks in the implementation of the sustainable development policy of the Central and Eastern European countries is to equalise with the Western European countries in terms of the level of civilizational development and living standards
Literature research allowed for identifying the problems related to the development of multimodal transport within the cross-border areas and formulating the following research questions: 1. What factors have the greatest impact on the development of multimodal transport within the cross-border area of Poland—Czech Republic—Slovakia in the 2030 perspective?
What are the visions for the development of multimodal transport in the TRITIA cross-border area in the 2030 perspective and how do they depend on collaboration and joint activities?
Summary
One of the most essential tasks in the implementation of the sustainable development policy of the Central and Eastern European countries is to equalise with the Western European countries in terms of the level of civilizational development and living standards This requires, the creation of solid structural foundations for economic growth, including an efficient transport system. Many authors point out that cross-border interactions hardly ever result in thorough integration, and that the border remains a strong dividing line [4,7,8,9,10,11] These areas benefit from the exceptional support of the European Union in creating conditions for equal development opportunities for economically or socially disadvantaged areas
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