ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СВІТОВИХ ТЕНДЕНЦІЙ РОЗВИТКУ МУЛЬТИМОДАЛЬНИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ

Abstract

The role of multimodal transportation in the world market of transport services is defined in the article. Emphasis is placed on the significant pace of its development in a number of countries (first of all in the EU, the USA and China). It made it possible to minimize costs and increase interest to the countries in the international transportation system. It is established that development of multimodal (combined) transportation is considered to be promising in the growth of the transport system of Ukraine. International conventions and regulations of the world’s leading countries are analyzed. Typical features of multimodal transportation are singled out. Namely: implication of two or more modes of transport under one contract in the process of transportation; freight transportation under one document (through bill of lading); use of through tariff rate; presence of one of responsible parties – multimodal transport operator, that is responsible for freight from the moment of taking it under control up to the moment of its transfer to the consignee. Based on the study of the global trends in development of multimodal transportation, practices, which are of interest for further introduction in Ukraine, are defined. Namely: introduction of the effective transport policy in this field and creation of the regulatory base; development of multimodal transportation on the basis of the integrated approach, which provides for implementation of the relevant plans and programs; creation of multimodal transport system and new corridors; overcoming the infrastructural imbalance; construction of the modern multimodal logistic centers and their equipment; containerization of freight transportation; development of contrailer connections and expansion of the routes; improvement of services quality by introducing the latest innovative technologies for transportation process organization (use of electronic goods declaration; organization of digital transport corridors; electronic support of any chain of the freight delivery, use of the monitoring system for freight delivery control); implementation of the effective management system for risks arising in the process of multimodal transportation.