Protection of recovery projects and developed areas from flooding

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The article discusses the formulation and solution of scientific, theoretical, and practical problems in the field of land reclamation of irrigated lands in general and, in particular, the protection of land reclamation facilities and the territory of cities and settlements from the effects of groundwater. In the Aral Sea basin, due to the intensive commissioning of new irrigated areas and various types of hydraulic structures (reservoir, village storage, canals, etc.), on a large scale, there is a violation of the natural laws of the regime and balance of groundwater. As a result of the hydrotechnical impact on water resources, the usual “losses” affecting the water balance and runoff, in the initial stage of their formation, cause processes such as flooding and flooding of adjacent territories, excessive wetting of non-irrigated lands and worsen the operation of reclamation projects. The open collector-drainage network existing around the land reclamation projects and cities does not provide a normal outflow of groundwater; its maintenance into a working and sanitary state requires large capital expenditures. High groundwater level with high salinity leads to the destruction of the basement of buildings and structures, the complete flooding of groundwater communications, the death of green spaces. According to some available data, losses incurred from exposure to aggressive groundwater in a number of cities in Uzbekistan range from 2.5 to 10 million dollars. The objects of reclamation control are established depending on the main factor determining the reclamation state of irrigated lands, on the degree of their natural drained. Essential criteria for determining the relationship of groundwater with soil – soils and their influence on the reclamation state of irrigated lands are the depth of groundwater table and the degree of mineralization, as well as their seasonal and long-term regime. The presented dissertation is devoted to the study of this insufficiently solved problem. Scientific and technical solutions to this problem are considered on the example of the built-up areas of irrigated areas of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where there are problems of engineering protection from the negative effects of groundwater.