Partial replacement of cement with alternative cementitious material in the production of concrete: A review

Abstract

Cement is the main and costliest material in the making of concrete. Also, the cement production is the second largest industrial CO2 source on earth. So, there is need for cement alternative in concrete production to reduce the cement production. This review paper focuses on the use of cementitious materials as a limited substitute for cement in the production of concrete. The use of cementitious material as a partial alternative helps in the making of cost efficient-concrete. The paper summarizes the previous research paper that used cementitious materials like fly ash (FA), metakaolin (MK), silica fume (SF), rice husk ash (RHA), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), alccofine, etc. A certain amount of replacement with these cementitious materials with cement have showed good results in terms of strength. The concrete made with these materials showed less mechanical strength compared with conventional concrete but have achieved the required target strength at different time interval. The concrete made with alccofine as a partial replacement had a chloride diffusion because of its natural fine pore structure and its resistance against chemicals showed reduced penetration of chlorides elements into the concrete. Some materials showed, that amount of water required to attain the normal workability as conventional concrete has increased and vice-versa. Finally, it is concluded that the cementitious materials may be used as an alternative to cement for the production of cost and environmentally friendly concrete.