Nanotechnology — growing in a shrinking world

Abstract

The ability to scale device sizes to below a micrometre, the world of nanotechnology, has led to the observation of unexpected physical phenomena and to the creation of an entirely new class of devices. Using sophisticated growth, lithographic and etching techniques it is now possible to fabricate devices with tailored band structures and, consequently, tailored electronic and optical properties. This article provides an elementary introduction to this new technology, providing a flavour of its current capabilities and future expectations.