Liquid-glass concrete of variable density

Abstract

Research results of porous compositions based on sodium liquid glass and fillers of various origins are presented. Materials, regulating rheological properties and thermal transformations of liquid glass compositions were used as the fillers. Feasibility of multicomponent fillers introduction into thermal expansion compositions was substantiated. Combined fillers matching a gel-forming component and thermosetting materials that emit a gas phase are preferred for improving molding properties of compositions and forming a highly porous polymodal material. A porous aggregate with a density of 250 – 300 kg/m3 was synthesized, providing high thermal resistance of the building envelope. Advantages of a liquid-glass matrix for producing lightweight concrete with a porous silicate aggregate are shown. Genetic commonality of an aggregate and a matrix contributes to the formation of durable concrete of a porous structure. Variants of the structure of variastropic liquid glass concrete, consisting of layers of various densities were proposed. Lightweight concrete of variatropic structure with a density of 800 kg/m3 and compressive strength of 10 MPa has been developed. The integrated use of liquid glass to obtain aggregate and concrete will ensure a compact technological scheme. The research is aimed at creating a technology of heat-insulating materials that combine high porosity with shape stability.