Abstract
The article presents the results of studies of a porous aggregate and lightweight concrete obtained using liquid glass and man-made materials (glass cullet, magnetite ore dressing waste, substandard rocks). Feasibility of a multicomponent feed mixture for pyroplastic swelling of granules is substantiated. Optimization of raw mix composition provided the possibility of combining various formation mechanisms of porous granules. A set of technological solutions has been developed aimed at improving the conditions of molding and hardening of raw granules. A method for preparing a raw material mass is proposed that minimizes structural defects of porous granules. Possibility of capacity reaction of a raw mixture due to mechanical activation of solid components and introduction of sodium additives is proved. Technological conditions for low-temperature expansion of a multicomponent mixture and production of porous granules with a density of not more than 300 kg/m3 are determined. The formula of molding mixture for obtaining lightweight concrete using a porous aggregate is proposed. The use of liquid glass as a binder in a concrete mixture is preferred. The temperature of concrete hardening is recommended. The technology of porous concrete developed implements multifunctional properties of liquid glass, provides the use of technogenic materials, saving of energy resources.
Highlights
To ensure energy-efficient construction, durable materials are required that combine high heat-shielding properties with structural stability
Numerous developments in recent years have been devoted to the development of porous concrete technology, which is represented by cellular concrete and lightweight concrete based on porous aggregates [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]
Swelling of materials based on liquid glass is due to removal of water, which is a part of sodium hydrosilicates
Summary
To ensure energy-efficient construction, durable materials are required that combine high heat-shielding properties with structural stability. Porous aggregates with a density of 300 – 900 kg/m3 for heatinsulating and structural concrete have been developed [6, 8, 9] Recent developments have focused on the study of structure formation and hardening of concrete with the participation of a porous aggregate [15, 19, 20]
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