Abstract
It has been shown that initial conditions for bacterial cultivation are extremely important for the successful production of hyaluronic acid (HA) by fermentation. We investigated several physical parameters that affect productivity of HA under shake flask. i.e. transfer criteria of seed, agitation and aeration of fermentation flasks. Among the various physical parameters studied, inoculum age of 8-10 h, pH 6.4, optical density (600 nm) 2.0 and 3% level inoculum transfer found to be optimum. After inoculating with Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus ATCC 39920, the temperature 37 0C and 90 rpm found optimum during growth as well as for the HA production. The fractional factorial design of six factors with two levels showed yeast extract, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium bicarbonate as significant model terms. The factor potassium dihydrogen phosphate was relatively more significant than yeast extract.
Highlights
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan
Many studies have been performed an HA production, there are no reports on statistical optimization
The present study showed the optimization of HA production at various physical parameters under shake flask conditions by S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus ATCC 39920
Summary
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan. Markovitz et al, (1959) reported the synthesis of HA using UDP –glucuronic acid and UDP N-acetyl glucosamine as substrates and the streptococcal -membrane-associated enzyme hyaluronate synthase as catalyst. HA occurs in bacteria as a mucoid capsule surrounding the cell, and in soft tissues and the vitreous humor of the eye, in higher animals including human beings (O’Regan et al, 1994). It has been applied in clinical therapy and clinical diagnoses due to its high biocompability and many important physiological functions eg. The commonly used strain for microbial HA production at an industrial scale is Streptococcus zooepidemicus which synthesizes HA as the extra cellular capsule (Duan et al, 2008). Many studies have been performed an HA production, there are no reports on statistical optimization. The present study showed the optimization of HA production at various physical parameters under shake flask conditions by S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus ATCC 39920
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