Abstract
Response surface methodological (RSM) optimization of protease by Pseudomonas aeruginosa MCM B327, increased 1.3-fold activity with 1% inoculum having cell density of 27.57 x 109 cells mL-1 at pH 7, 300C and 72 h of incubation. Protease enzyme recovered from P. aeruginosa showed characteristic activities against diverse proteins of hide. Enzyme was found to be active with substrates e.g. casein, Bovine serum albumin, gelatin, elastin, haemoglobin but inactive against keratin and collagen. During leather manufacturing, non-collagenase and non-keratinase activities have advantageous in a quality leather and hair saving process, respectively. Increased proteolytic enzyme concentration (0.1-0.5%) in soaking process showed increased water penetration because of hydrolysis of albumin and elastin proteins as indicated by opened fibers in histopathological sections. These findings suggest, protease secreted by P. aeruginosa may have application in soaking operation of leather processing for minimizing harmful deharing chemicals and processing time.
Highlights
Proteases can be obtained from different sources such as bacteria, fungi, or certain insects
Proteases have several applications in detergent, pharmaceuticals, foods, beverages and leather industries. Various statistical methods such as response surface methodology (RSM), central composite design (CCD), artificial neural network (ANN) models were used for optimization of protease production by many researchers (Puri et al 2002; Dutta et al 2005; Rao et al 2006; Saxena and Singh, 2010)
Protease produced from Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, A. oryzae, and Bacillus subtilis were reported for soaking of animal skins
Summary
Proteases can be obtained from different sources such as bacteria, fungi, or certain insects. Proteases have several applications in detergent, pharmaceuticals, foods, beverages and leather industries. Various statistical methods such as response surface methodology (RSM), central composite design (CCD), artificial neural network (ANN) models were used for optimization of protease production by many researchers (Puri et al 2002; Dutta et al 2005; Rao et al 2006; Saxena and Singh, 2010). Leather is a byproduct of meat industry and is prepared from heterogeneous fibrous mass of animal skins/ hides. Enzyme biocatalysts were found to be effective in soaking, dehairing, bating and degreasing operations of environmental friendly leather processing. Protease produced from Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, A. oryzae, and Bacillus subtilis were reported for soaking of animal skins. X- coded variable for soybean meal, Y coded variable for tryptone and β0, β1, β2, β3, β4, β5 are coefficients for their respective variables
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