Department of Trade Restrictions, Currency and Export Control of the Federal Customs Service of Russia: History and Modernity

Abstract

The article analyzes the historical aspects and the current state of the activities of the Department of Trade Restrictions of Currency and Export Control of the Federal Customs Service of Russia. The main attention is paid to the history of the development of ensuring compliance by customs authorities with prohibitions and restrictions in foreign trade, the protection of intellectual property rights, as well as the implementation of currency control. It is shown that many facts from the history of the development of certain types of prohibitions and restrictions are of particular interest for modern conditions of foreign trade activity. Today, bans and restrictions are a set of dynamically developing measures of non-tariff and technical regulation, sanitary, veterinary-sanitary and quarantine phytosanitary measures, export control measures, including measures for military products, operating throughout the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union and allowing to protect society and the state from the import and distribution of unsafe goods, from the occurrence of an unfavorable sanitary and epidemiological situation and the threat of mass destruction. The protection of intellectual property rights is one of the important functions performed by customs authorities. The practice and customs instruments, including international ones, aimed at detecting counterfeit products by customs authorities are summarized. The main attention is paid to improving the effectiveness of countering the import of counterfeit goods in international mail. The development of currency control, as one of the most significant administrative instruments regulating legal relations in the field of foreign exchange transactions in foreign trade, has been carried out and is currently being carried out under the influence of changes in the economic situation of the country. The currency control implemented by the customs authorities of the Russian Federation is not only the control of the cross-border movement of funds, but also the adoption of preventive measures aimed at countering dubious currency transactions related to the illegal withdrawal of funds abroad.