Abstract
Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is an important trunk borer of pine trees and a major vector of pine wilt disease. Although chemicals are widely used in forest pest control, new strategies based on insect biology are offering promising approaches to manage the disease. Although there have been important research advances in this respect, there has not yet been a deep sequence analysis of M. alternatus describing the transcriptome, and no information is available about the gene function of this insect vector. We used next generation sequencing technology to provide a full transcriptome from the four larval instars of M. alternatus and successfully built an M. alternatus transcriptome database. In total, 67,456 unigenes were obtained with trinity software, information for 11,858 classified unigenes was obtained with the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COGs) database, and 13,007 unigenes matched predicted pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). In addition, genes related to lignocellulose, and putative Bt receptors and genes related to digestion are described. Additionally, the differential gene expression of these genes in different larval stages was analyzed. This study provides valuable information to underpin the development of new molecular tools for M. alternatus control strategies.
Highlights
Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a significant vector of the pinewood nematode and an important forest pest that causes pine forest devastation inKorea, Japan, and China [1]
Pine wilt disease, which is caused by pinewood nematode and is native to North America, spreads rapidly into China, Korea and Europe (Portugal and Spain), and has become a major economic problem since it was introduced into China in 1982 [2]
High throughput sequencing was performed on the larvae of M. alternatus at different developmental stages using Hiseq2000
Summary
Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a significant vector of the pinewood nematode and an important forest pest that causes pine forest devastation inKorea, Japan, and China [1]. Pine wilt disease, which is caused by pinewood nematode and is native to North America, spreads rapidly into China, Korea and Europe (Portugal and Spain), and has become a major economic problem since it was introduced into China in 1982 [2]. Pinewood nematode disease has become endemic in 17 provinces in China, causing economic losses of up to one trillion yuan every year [5]. It is very important to control the transmission of the pinewood nematode disease. It mainly feeds on the phloem and xylem of the trunk and branches, and destroys and cuts off the transporting tissues affecting water and nutrients
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