Abstract
The chapter describes the concepts of therapeutic index (or ratio) and therapeutic window, and defines pharmacological toxicity, which may be related or not related to the primary therapeutic action of the drug; biochemical toxicity, including examples such as hepatoxicity induced by paracetamol (acetaminophen); and immunological toxicity (drug allergy), such as that seen to penicillin. In the UK, adverse drug reactions are reported to the Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) using the Yellow Card scheme. The chapter discusses the broad principles of managing adverse drug reactions including unwanted cardiovascular, neurological, renal and hepatic effects, and also outlines the management of specific examples of drug overdose and self-poisoning with paracetamol, salicylates, antidepressants, opioids, beta-blockers and MDMA.
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