Abstract

Immuno-nanobiosensor is a type of biosensor to detect the formation of an immunocomplex using an antibody or antigen as a bioreceptor with the aid of nanomaterials. Numerous proteins such as elevated prostate-specific antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen, platelet derived growth factor, interferon-γ, antigenic target 6-kDa protein, glycated hemoglobin, urinary lactoferrin, human chorionic gonadotropin, etc., have been found to correlate with the occurrence of different diseases. As one type of biomarkers for diagnostics and monitoring of diseases, these proteins can be quantitatively analyzed by immuno-nanobiosensors specifically, accurately, and sensitively. This chapter reviews the immuno-nanobiosensors applied for the detection of protein biomarkers in the diseases including cancer, tuberculosis, diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus, urinary tract infection, and pregnancy screening.

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