Abstract

Uncertainty regarding fish consumption by pregnant/breastfeeding women is resolved. Maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake, attributable to fish consumption, is associated with improved infant cognitive development. Women who eat fish have babies with better cognitive performance. As methyl mercury is a neurotoxin there has been concern that seafood consumption may impair neurocognitive development. However, the association of mercury in seafood and cognitive development is not as closely related as once thought. Commercially caught seafood is considered safe and beneficial for pregnant/breastfeeding women, at recommended levels of intake. The observation that cognitive ability improves as both fish consumption and maternal mercury levels increase has been explored; an explanation for this paradox is a protective effect of selenium in fish, which provides an apparent protective role against the neurotoxicity, while DHA is essential for brain development.

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