Abstract
The microorganisms able to survive in hypersaline conditions have been well distributed in the tree of life constituting Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. The survival of halophilic microorganisms in these harsh conditions have been a subject of investigation for several decades and the mechanism such as ‘high-salt-in’’ and ‘low-salt-in’’ have been attributed to their adaptation strategies. The cultivation of these microorganisms from the hypersaline environments is challenging due to skill and patience required for the media optimization, controlled growth conditions and maintenance. Thus, the discovery of extreme halophilic microorganisms have been limited as compared to non-halophilic counterparts. These halophilic microorganisms have been looked upon as the prospective source for the discovery of novel enzymes which can operate at harsh conditions in industrial processes. Moreover, the genomic analysis of halophilic microorganisms have revealed a number of operons and gene clusters with respect to metabolic and cellular processes required for their survival.
Published Version
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