Abstract

In this chapter, we provide an up-to-date insight into exosomes in the kidney. We review the role of exosomes in normal physiology and in disease. We begin by considering urinary exosomes, the main source of clinical and experimental exosomal material from the kidney and urinary tract. We discuss the potential for urinary exosomes to provide biomarkers of nephrological disease. We review the evidence that exosomes have important physiological (and pathophysiological) functions by mediating communication between kidney cells. Finally, we consider the potential for exosome-based therapies in kidney disease.

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