Abstract

The increasing environmental stresses such as drought, high/low temperature, flood, elevated CO2, and ozone due to climate change have an impact on the efficacy of rhizobia inoculation in many legume species. The effect of climate change on rhizobia inoculation depends on crop species, the nature of stresses imposed, the intensity of stresses, the inoculation method, the presence or absence of native rhizobia stains and their effectiveness. This chapter shows the current progress of rhizobia inoculation effect under climate change at the physiological, agronomic, and chemical levels. There is an urgent need to focus on developing tolerant rhizobia in order to improve legume symbiosis if we want to feed the growing global population with safe food and sustainable agriculture.

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