Building Peace in Diversity Based on Islam (Analysis of Hadith Musnad Ahmad 22391)

Indonesia is a plurality country which is indicated by the diversity of ethnicities, races, customs, languages, and religions. Plurality, including religion, can have implications for cooperation but also conflict. The facts show that the plurality of religions in Indonesia is in trouble. But inherently, all religions, including Hinduism, also have values that can overcome the problem of plurality, which is hidden in its theological concepts. This study aims to explore the Brahman and Ātman in the Īṣāvasya Upaniṣad ontologically and its relevance to the plurality of religions in Indonesia. This research is library research using a qualitative approach. The material objects of the research are Brahman and Ātman in the Īśāvasya Upaniṣad. Data collection in this study was carried out through document studies on primary and secondary data sources. Data analysis in this study used methodical steps of descriptive, interpretative, and holistic analysis. The results showed that the study of Brahman and Atman was ontologically described in several categories, including substance, quantity, quality, place, time, position, ownership, and action. In addition, this study contains value concepts relevant to religious plurality, including kinship, tolerance, harmony, divinity, holiness, nobility, brotherhood, empathy, love, and mutual respect.

This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing an discussion and a critique of the discourse of social capital as it relates to Christianity and in particular to an Orthodox stance. Religion is acknowledged as responsible for promoting factions in the world, as well as for the strife amongst the various religious groups. The New Testament is studied with the constituents of social capital – networks (groups), norms and trust – as a foundation for evaluating the ministries and teaching of Christianity with regards to the role thereof in promoting strife and unity and ultimately harmony amongst people. The ministry of Jesus Christ was distinctly opposed to the prevailing social capital in the then Jewish territories, as is the case in the epistles when speaking to the non-Jewish parishes. The prevailing normative principles were frequently censured, and the confrontational manner in which the established social groups were related to, aggravated by the entirely inclusive but absolutely exclusive standpoint, is deemed inexcusable and resulted in the execution of Christ and a number of his apostles and other followers. The threat to the trust amongst the Jewish citizens and also between the general population groups and religious leaders proved to be a major driving force in ongoing persecutions. Unity amongst the early Christians proved elusive and the absence of heterogeneity as a requirement for socially cohesive networks and groups served to explain this challenge. Diversity of ethnicity, language and culture impeded the spontaneous social associations. The epistles provide us with a rich account of the significance of diversity and the constant efforts towards unity and societal harmony. This is in concord with the Orthodox faith which is strongly in favour of acceptance of diversity and love for others. Social capital is an stimulating idea that has since biblical days become a focus for community advancement initiatives. The social capital perspective of the New Testament easily transcends into our reality of today and supports the relevance of Christian principles two thousand years later.

The Indonesian nation is composed of a number of cultural, ethnic, racial, and religious groups, so that the Indonesian nation can be grouped or categorized as a diverse (multicultural) society. One of indicator is the diversity of ethnic, culture, and religion where Islam is the majority religion. The growth and development of Islam in Indonesia rises from the role of Islamic educational institutions such as madrasah and pesantren. This article will be briefly explained about; 1) pesantren and its development; 2) the tradition of pesantren as picture of Islam in Indonesian, and 3) multicultural values ​​in pesantren. This is important to know as the focus of the discussion in this article. To uncover and explain the three focus above, it must be supported through several theories as a poin of analysis, namely about pesantren, pesantren traditions, and multicultural values. The method of writing this article is through a qualitative approach, while the type of research is theoretical-descriptive based on library research. The results of the research are that; a) historical perspective of pesantren as a friendly, tolerant face of Indonesian Islam able to survive for centuries and give color to this age; b) some of the pesantren traditions, among others, are local wisdom in the form of value systems and social interactions are meaningful because they are formed from the pesantren community itself and are sourced from religious forces; c) the values ​​of pesantren multiculturalism can be seen through local wisdom, such as marriage, kinship, family harmony, frienship, fostering brotherhood (ukhuwah), visiting the sick, caring for orphans, mutual cooperation, solidarity, mutual respect, promoting dialogue, moderate and tolerant.

Phrases are part of the syntax which is formed from two or more words and their position in the clause is not more than one syntactic functionPhrases do not consist of subject-predicate structures, or predicate-object structures, but phrases consist of only subject, predicate, or object only. The problems described in this study are (1) What are the types of phrases found on the website of the Riau Islamic University? (2) What is the structure of the phrases on the website of the Riau Islamic University? The objectives of this study are. To analyze and describe the types of phrases and phrases structures found on the Islamic University Website. The theory that the writer uses to analyze this research is the theory put forward by Chaer (2009), Sulistyowati (2012), Miftahul and Sakura (2014). The method used is content analysis method. This type of research is library research (Library Research). The approach used is a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used were documentation techniques and hermeneutic techniques. The data analysis techniques used were classification and interpretation. Based on the research carried out, it can be concluded that 1) the types of phrases found on the website of the Riau Islamic University are nominal phrases, verbal phrases, adjective phrases, prepositional phrases. So, the total nominal, verbal, adjective, and prepositional phrases found on the website of the Riau Islamic University are as many as 60 phrases. 2) the structure of the phrases found on the website of the Riau Islamic University, namely nominal phrases with as many noun + noun (N + N) structures and noun + adjective (N + A), verbal phrases with a verbal + noun (V + N) structure adjective (V + A), verbal + preposition (V + Prep), adverb + verbal (Adv + V) and verbal + verbal (V + V), adjective phrases with the structure of adjectivea + adverb (A + Adv), adjective + noun (A + N) and adverb + adjective (Adv + A), as well as prepositional phrases that have a prepositional + noun structure (Prep + N), prepositions + verbs (Prep + V) and prepositions + adjectives (Prep + A).

Pronunciation is an important factor in measuring achievement in learning speaking in English. Proof of speaking fluency by students is shown when they communicate verbally with a native speaker. This study aims to explain the use of the Frozen cartoon film as a learning medium to improve the students’ pronunciation ability. The research focuses are the Frozen 1 cartoon synopsis, the stages, and procedures for implementing the dubbing and subtitling method and screening the film using the dubbing method. This study uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out by library research (library research). Sources of data in the form of written materials consist of primary data sources and secondary data sources. The validity of the data test emphasizes the validity and reliability test. The results of the study were analyzed using the content analysis method. The results showed that the cartoon "Frozen" as a learning medium was very appropriate to be practiced in improving students' pronunciation skills. This media provides several benefits: (a) being a solution in communicating English orally, (b) providing interesting, attractive teaching media, and (c) choosing the right learning method so that it is effective for students. The presentation of the “frozen” cartoon is packaged with interesting storyline pictures and audio sound that makes students involved in the film. The dubbing and subtitling methods are learning methods to motivate students to communicate in English. Effective and efficient media and methods can help students engage in learning English and at the same time be motivated to communicate in English.

The diversity of race, ethnicity, language, religion or culture is the sunnahtullah which must be used as a reference for mutual understanding, complement and embrace each other, so that there is unity not a split which neither party wanted. Unity can create a strong and unbreakable nation. This research will examine in depth the diversity and unity with the perspective of the Interpretation archipelago. In this research used a qualitative approach with the type of literature review namely by using a thematic method which is descriptive-comparative. This research is in the book of interpretation of the archipelago shows that all the diversity of languages, races, skin colors, religions, cultures and so on, influenced by the place where he lives, and the degree of every human being is the same what sets it apart is the quality of piety. While unity is described with the brotherhood of believers which is based on faith and heredity, strife will end in chaos, while peace with the aim of seeking divine pleasure will be blessed.

This paper analyses the challenges confronting local governance institutions on peace building strategies using Southwestern Nigeria as a reference point. It puts the challenges of peace building strageies in institutional perspectives and intervening tendencies of foreign agencies in Africa. It examines Lederach’s structural framework under the theoretical discourse as an underlying assumption for peace building challenges. However, primary data were collected and analysed for the empirical insight using Relative Impact Index and content analysis methods. This paper reveals that lack of shared vision (RII = 3.49), finances (RII = 3.34), poor information communication network (RII = 3.26), and deficiency of institutional arrangement (RII = 3.24) are the foremost challenges facing local governance institutions on peace building in South western Nigeria; with greater emphasis on poor value system and non-compliance with traditional customs. It therefore concludes that the peace building strategies are susceptible to unfavourable conditions by activities of governance institutions at the local level. It thus recommends that formal and informal institutions at the local level should share a common vision which will serve as a driving force for the pursuit of peace building agenda in Africa. Keywords: Local Governance, Conflict Resolution, Peace Building, Local Institutions, Peace building Strategies, and Local Governance Institutions

Character education is an urgent education because considering the moral crisis that occurs on all fronts in the era of globalization, in addition, the impact caused by this era of globalization and information has positive and negative impacts, such as in Indonesia, which is currently experiencing a crisis and lacks figures who can be used as an example, because many public figures are now committing crimes such as corruption, collusion, prostitution, and so on. Ibn Miskawaih is one of the prominent Islamic philosophers who touched the concept of character education which is famous in his book Tahzib al-akhlak wa tathir al-a'raf. This study aims to describe and analyze: (1) the concept of Ibn Miskawaih's character education (2) the reconstruction of character education in the global era (Ibn Miskawaih's concept analysis). This research is library research that refers to primary literature including the book of Tahdzibul Akhlaq (Ibnu Miskawaih), secondary library books, relevant books, journals, and documents. This study uses a qualitative approach in addition, objective and pragmatic, with the method of content analysis. Drawing conclusions using the deductive method. The results showed that: The concept of Ibn Miskawaih's character is, namely The Golden (The Doctrine of The Mean). He stated that human character is built on four foundations, namely self-restraint, courage, wisdom, and justice. Viewing education as a means of inculcating noble character, humanizing humans, socializing individuals, and inculcating shame, must be reconstructed in the current global era so that it can be used as human nature or the result of exercises in order to make a good character.

Character education is an urgent education because considering the moral crisis that occurs on all fronts in the era of globalization, in addition, the impact caused by this era of globalization and information has positive and negative impacts, such as in Indonesia, which is currently experiencing a crisis and lacks figures who can be used as an example, because many public figures are now committing crimes such as corruption, collusion, prostitution, and so on. Ibn Miskawaih is one of the prominent Islamic philosophers who touched the concept of character education which is famous in his book Tahzib al-akhlak wa tathir al-a'raf. This study aims to describe and analyze: (1) the concept of Ibn Miskawaih's character education (2) the reconstruction of character education in the global era (Ibn Miskawaih's concept analysis). This research is library research that refers to primary literature including the book of Tahdzibul Akhlaq (Ibnu Miskawaih), secondary library books, relevant books, journals, and documents. This study uses a qualitative approach in addition, objective and pragmatic, with the method of content analysis. Drawing conclusions using the deductive method. The results showed that: The concept of Ibn Miskawaih's character is, namely The Golden (The Doctrine of The Mean). He stated that human character is built on four foundations, namely self-restraint, courage, wisdom, and justice. Viewing education as a means of inculcating noble character, humanizing humans, socializing individuals, and inculcating shame, must be reconstructed in the current global era so that it can be used as human nature or the result of exercises in order to make a good character.

This article discusses multiple perceptions and views about policy in Malaysian education policy which aims for achieving national integration in a multicultural setting. The discussion in this article is based on the policy research about Malaysian education policy and ethnicity issues that continue to be an important aspect in Malaysian education policy process aimed at achieving integration through the education means. Using a quasi-historical and a qualitative research approach, eleven Malaysian participants across different ethnic and professional backgrounds who have been involved directly and indirectly in the production of Malaysian education policy were interviewed using semi-structured interview method. Based on the interview data gained from the interview with these individuals, this research shows that Malaysian plural society remains in a contested landscape in ideology and aspiration of building a united and harmonious Malaysian nation. Key words: Educational policy, ethnicity, ethnic arithmetic, national integration

The application of Shariah in general on the aspect of life is the specialty of Aceh which is entrusted by the Law of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. This study focuses on the analysis of the implementation of Shariah in the banking sector following the implementation of Islamic Shariah in Aceh. The method applied in this study uses a qualitative approach by referring to the study of the case of Shariah application in the banking sector in Aceh, whereas the research data is derived from library research, documentation and interviews with related parties in the implementation of Shariah in banking in Aceh. Then the data is processed using the content analysis method whether inductive, deductive or comparative. The findings show that the implementation of Shariah in the banking sector in Aceh has not been in line with the implementation of the overall application, there are still conventional banks that operate in Aceh. Also, the Shariah application in the banking sector is still less than those in areas who are impressed with the attention of the Aceh government. The Application of Islamic Shariah in the banking sector is still in the stage of an idea to run yet to the stage of implementation.

Da‟i is a figure who should have good qualities because he is a role model for mad'u. This research is a library research, qualitative approach and content analysis method. Researchers determine QS. Ali Imran 3: 159 as the object of study. This verse describes the praiseworthy qualities of the Prophet Muhammad. when facing friends in the Uhud war. In a precarious situation the Prophet remained gentle, forgiving, had a strong determination and put his trust in Allah SWT. The da'i should be able to imitate the nature of the Prophet as described in the verse.

The current low quality of education is caused by several factors, namely leadership, teachers, students, curriculum, and cooperative networks. Of the existing factors, the one most closely related to the low and advanced quality of education, especially in Islamic boarding schools, is the leader or better known as the kiai. This study aims to analyze the leadership of K.H. Imam Zarkasyi in pioneering modern islamic boarding schools namely To find out the educational leadership strategy of K.H. Imam Zarkasyi and his educational leadership style. This study uses a qualitative approach with the method of library research. The data analysis technique used the content analysis method. This research found the leadership strategy implemented by K.H. Imam Zarkasyi in pioneering modern islamic boarding schools, by benchmarking four world-renowned educational institutions. Then K.H. Imam Zarkasyi reformed his madrasah education system, the pesantren education system, and the institutional system. The leadership style used by K.H. Imam Zarkasyi is by combining 3 styles namely democratic, charismatic, and transformational styles. AbstrakRendahnya mutu pendidikan saat ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, yaitu kepemimpinan, guru, siswa, kurikulum, dan jaringan kerja sama. Dari faktorfaktor yang ada, yang paling berkaitan erat dengan rendah dan majunya mutu pendidikan terutama di pondok pesantren yaitu pimpinan atau yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan kiai. Studi ini bertujuan menganalisis kepemimpinan K.H. Imam Zarkasyi dalam merintis pesantren modern yang meliputi strategi dan gaya kepemimpinan K.H. Imam Zarkasyi. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode kepustakaan (library research). Adapun teknik analisis datanya menggunakan metode analisis isi. Studi ini menghasilkan temuan strategi kepemimpinan yang diterapkan oleh K.H. Imam Zarkasyi dalam merintis pesantren modern yaitu dengan melakukan benchmarking dari empat lembaga pendidikan terkenal dunia yang ditindaklanjuti dengan melakukan pembaruan sistem pendidikan madrasah, sistem pendidikan pesantren, dan sistem kelembagaan. Sedangkan gaya kepemimpinan yang digunakan oleh K.H. Imam Zarkasyi yaitu menggabungkan 3 gaya: gaya demokratis, karismatik, dan transformasional.

This study focuses on analyzing the story of the prophet Musa and the prophet Khidir in Q.S. al-Kahfī [18]: 60-82. The aim is to uncover and discover the branches of disciplines that are integrated in it, both general science and religious science. This is important in order to understand a story in the Qur'an holistically and comprehensively. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach using library research and data analysis using content analysis methods. The results of this study indicate that the story of the prophet Musa and the prophet Khidir contains several integrated scientific disciplines. For example, when the prophet Khidir made the decision to leak the boat, he had considered the risks he faced. First, if the boat is not leaked it will be confiscated and will never be returned so that the boat owner loses his job. Second, if the boat is leaked then the boat is damaged. Both of these decisions have risks, but the prophet Khidir took a less risky decision, which was to leak the boat. In this story there are disciplines that are integrated in it, namely Management science which is illustrated by two points, namely; decision making and risk management. In addition, the author also identifies the existence of various other disciplines such as; Sufism, psychology, education and logic.

Gadung (Dioscoreahispida Dennst), is a tuber-like plant that grows vines and also climbs with a height of 5-20 m. tuber production from gadung plants can be increased if this plant is cultivated intensively because naturally this plant can grow and develop very well in tropical climates. Gadung tubers have various health benefits and have high economic value. Processed gadung tubers, commonly known as gadung crackers, can become a business opportunity to meet the needs of the community, both from the upper, middle and lower classes. Because these processed products are light and healthy snacks and the price is affordable. This study uses a qualitative approach. The type of research used is library research with the documentation method, namely finding and studying data regarding variables in the form of notes, documents, books, journals and so on. The data sources used are primary and secondary data sources. The data analysis technique used is content analysis method. To test the validity of this research data using a credibility test by increasing persistence, researchers also use source triangulation techniques. Business opportunities in doing business have many indicators that must be recognized and several factors that must be considered so that they can minimize the impact of failure of business opportunities in their business