Abstract
Hip resurfacing technique is a conservative arthroplasty used in the young patient in which the femoral head is reshaped to accept metal cap with small guide stem. In the present investigation, a hybrid composite-metal resurfacing implant is proposed. The cup is made of carbon fiber/polyamide 12 (CF/PA12) covered with a thin layer of cobalt chrome (Co-Cr). Finite element (FE) method was applied to analyze and compare the biomechanical performances of the hybrid hip resurfacing (HHR) and the conventional Birmingham (BHR). Results of the finite element analysis showed that the composite implant leads to an increase in stresses in the cancellous bone by more than 15% than BHR, indicating a lower potential for stress shielding and bone fracture and higher potential for bone apposition with the HHR.
Highlights
The successful reintroduction of the improved metal-onmetal (MOM) bearings has led to a resurgence of interest for hip resurfacing procedure as a viable alternative to conventional arthroplasty for younger and more active patients [1, 2]
The reported benefits of hip resurfacing (HR) include reduced dislocation rate and increased function compared to total hip arthroplasty (THA) [3, 4]
The femoral cup with a diameter of 46 mm (Birmingham) is composed of 2 mmthick shell structure made of several layers of continuous carbon fiber/polyamide 12 (CF/PA12) composite fabrics, onto which a 1 mm layer of cobalt chrome (Co-Cr) is overlaid in order to avoid wear debris formation
Summary
The successful reintroduction of the improved metal-onmetal (MOM) bearings has led to a resurgence of interest for hip resurfacing procedure as a viable alternative to conventional arthroplasty for younger and more active patients [1, 2]. The reported benefits of hip resurfacing (HR) include reduced dislocation rate and increased function compared to total hip arthroplasty (THA) [3, 4]. Other advantages of HR compared with THA include minimal bone resection, easier revision, and reduction in the stress shielding in the proximal femur [1, 5]. Femoral neck fracture and stress shielding problems remain a concern with resurfacing hip prostheses [6, 7]. Most implants for joint replacements including HR are manufactured from stiff materials (i.e., stainless steel, Co-Cr, etc.). These materials undergo stress shielding that may lead to implant loosening and femoral neck fracture [8]
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