Abstract
This chapter discusses the focal mechanisms and source properties of volcano-tectonic earthquakes. Volcano-tectonic earthquakes occur within and around the volcanic edifice and reflect the interaction of two general geological processes: the magma migration to the Earth's surface and the crustal tectonic activity. Therefore, it is important to study the focal mechanisms of volcano-tectonic earthquakes and stress release during volcano-tectonic earthquake swarms, and the relationship between the stress situation within the volcanic edifice and the regional stress field. The complete tensor of volcano-tectonic earthquake source may be described as a sum of its isotropic and deviatoric parts. The deviatoric part may be decomposed into two source types: a double-couple (DC) and a compensated linear vector dipole (CLVD). The application of these two source types to describe the fault nature of volcano-tectonic earthquakes is discussed. The spectra of volcanic earthquakes are used generally in two types of applications: the total spectra of seismic records may be used for classification and monitoring of seismic activity and the body-wave (or surface wave) spectra may be used for study of source parameters of earthquakes. Knowledge of the focal mechanisms and scalar seismic moments of volcano-tectonic earthquakes, associated with an eruption, allows the determination of seismo-tectonic deformations (STD) within the volcanic edifice and surroundings. It is produced by the process of magma deep migration before, during, and after the eruption.
Published Version
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