Abstract
In general, Christian art is based on the Bible, but is also related to liturgy and dogma. An example the Virgin Mary appear as a subject in art. There are four Marian dogmas of the Catholic Church. The Immaculate Conception is one of the four Marian dogmas. It was defined as a dogma until 1854 by Pope Pius IX in the papal bull “Ineffabilis Deus”. According to the dogma, the Immaculate Conception is the belief that the Virgin Mary was free of original sin from the moment of her conception. However, Church Fathers and theologians continued to dispute with the dogma of the Immaculate Conception until the 19th century. In the disputation of the Immaculate Conception the painters expressed Virgin Mary in stylistic variations by an interplay between history and theology. Therefore, this paper looks at the history and theological meanings and analyze iconography of the Immaculate Conception in Renaissance art.
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