Abstract
Psychotherapy involves a disidentification process that liberates individuals from maladaptive identification with specific events or objects. This review examines the definitions of disidentification across various psychological theories and explores their application in psychotherapy. Buddhist meditation training, for instance, centers around cultivating awareness of physical and psychological experiences, leading to the realization of their impermanence and emptiness. This mechanism helps reduce maladaptive identification of the self with particular experiences. Furthermore, Assagioli's Psychosynthesis Theory and Ken Wilber's Integral Theory explain changes in one's psychological state as a result of disidentification, emphasizing the transcendental mental state. Winnicott, a psychoanalyst, defines the transition from False Self to the True Self as disidentification, while Acceptance and Commitment Therapy employs the concept of cognitive defusion to describe detachment from language and symbolization. The review also examines disidentification within the context of the Mentalization Theory. This comprehensive review proposes an expanded definition of disidentification by addressing its various applications within numerous psychological theories. Additionally, it discusses the significance of disidentification as a common mechanism that underlies the effectiveness of various psychotherapeutic approaches.
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