Youth Subcultures Research Articles

Youth subculture and education

Educators, policymakers, and the public are often intensely engaged in youth cultures and practices. Nowadays, young people behave in irrational, creative, selfish, deviant, apathetic, generous, committed, tolerant, and many other, often contradictory ways. Educators should attend to widely circulating accounts of youth, because these often yield or buttress attitudes and policies that influence young people. The paper presents the results of a study of youth subcultures as an interactive form of self-identification and socialization of university students’ personality and educational purposes. The theoretical basis of the study was the scientific works of famous domestic and foreign scientists in the field of social sciences, education, and humanities. Research methods: practical and theoretical ones. The theoretical methods are analysis, classification and generalization. The practical methods are sociological survey and testing. The study sample consisted of students at Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after V. Ya. Kikot, Moscow State University of the Civil Engineering, Russian State Social University and Moscow City University. As a result of the data obtained, the authors of the paper designed a program of additional education for university students in the context of the development of youth subcultures. The designed program is directed towards the interaction of youth subcultures and institutions of higher education. As a result of the testing of the program at the aforesaid institutions of higher professional education, the effectiveness of its introduction into the educational process has been proved.

REASONS OF CONFLICTS OF SENIOR PUPILS WITH THEIR PARENTS:TO THE PROBLEM OF FAMILY ADAPTATION

The psychological determinants for the formation of harmonious family relationships were highlighted: empathically oriented communication, humanistic style of children’s upbringing, their high level of self-esteem, smoothing the difference between “Me-ideal” and “Me-real”, positive attitude from others and self-respect. Based on the results of our observations, which we carried out in 2021 in the educational process of educational activities of secondary schools № 15 of t. Rivne, we can exactly conclude that for senior school age is quite characterized of emotional fluctuations in mood. Some pupils were also characterized (in some cases) by neurotic and protest, sometimes by aggressive behavior, but these were isolated cases. We have diagnosed that tense situations are arisen between parents and children from time to time. However, again, our observations show that maladaptive family relationships are never caused by a single cause. For example, parents’ sexual problems have never been the predominant cause of maladaptive family relationships between parents and children, but aggressive tendencies caused by parents’ sexual problems often exacerbate children’s nervous and aggressive disputes with their parents. And even if young people find a way out of these disputes in some a way, in any case, the attitude towards parents remains negative, as, incidentally, the attitude of parents towards children (hair, clothes, hobbies, leisure, etc.). We identify as the most important topics of conflict of schoolchildren such as: - young people want to communicate, above all, with their peers, to defend their own interests and have weak parental control; - compared to adolescence, the importance of hairstyles and clothes increases significantly among high school students (the conflict is caused by the mismatch between the standards of high school students and the generation of parents). For high school students, the style of hair and clothing were associated with the relevant youth subculture, which was partly seen as some “message” of the adult world; - disagreements with parents and conflict situations on eroticism and sex occur at the age of 12-16, much earlier than in previous generations; - the time spent by high school students at school has been increased significantly. Conflicts between high school students and their parents about schooling are inaccuracies in homework, low school performances, and, at the same time, senior pupils do not have enough time to help their parents with household chores. However, the most important causes of family conflicts are children’s smoking and their use of psychoactive substances. The latter more often there were aggravating relationships between boys and their parents (57% of male pupils and 32% of female ones). There are almost no differences between boys and girls when it comes to smoking (32% of pupils are male and 30% of them are female), and other problems are more common among girls. Senior pupils name the following causes of conflicts with their parents: - great differences in moral and value frames, attitudes and scripts of children and adults, especially in the period of personal growth (parents and children are also diagnosed with differences in personal experience, perception of the world, assessments of their own ethnic and national identity); - lack of clear, consistent boundaries of the transition from awareness of child dependence to the freedom of an adult; - lack of clear, consistent rules for parents to build family relationships, which significantly weaken parental power during the transition of children from childhood to adolescence; - psychological and social differences in characteristics between parents and children. Pupils explain the latter with different ideas of schoolchildren about themselves, their own future, the formation of personally and professionally significant experience of adults. The latter also laments the children’s lack of perception of the evaluative and control role of adults in relations to the needs of pupils in achieving sovereignty; - mental overload of both parents and children and, as a result, – a change in scenarios and scenarios plans of family relationships.

Research on the Style Characteristics of Network Hosts

There is a distinct difference between the network host style and the traditional host style. Wang Nima, as the "most positive host of three views of speech", is very successful in thinking from the perspective of social psychology. Wang Nima has become one of the symbols of the violent image subculture group through the styles of hiding identity, symbolized cartoon image, symbolized audio language and paralanguage expression, phonetic vocabulary grammar deviation and so on. The use of Wang Nima's image can better stimulate the audience to communicate and deliver the program. At the same time, the youth subculture audience speaks and spits with "opinion leaders" such as Wang Nima, and "opinion leaders" such as Wang Nima become spokespersons with obvious group characteristics. However, its disadvantage is that it can influence the public opinion trend of news on the Internet, and further interfere with the consciousness of individual thinking in the group.

Review: Songbooks: The Literature of American Popular Music, by Eric Weisbard

Review: <i>Songbooks: The Literature of American Popular Music</i>, by Eric Weisbard

“They said we ruined the character and our religion”: authenticity and legitimation of hijab cosplay

PurposeThis research is positioned at the intersection of youth subculture consumption and religious affiliation, through the study of observant Muslim women involved in the highly engaging and codified activity of cosplay. Given authenticity is central to the cosplay visual impact and performance, this study aims to understand the way hijab cosplayers negotiate tensions between authentic body performativity and the observance of religious dressing codes.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative interpretive approach was used to address the research questions. In-depth semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 25 members of a hijab cosplayers from South East Asia.FindingsThe concept of authenticity emerged as multifaceted for hijab cosplayers, where they manage three different aspect of the authentic cosplay performance as follows: authenticity as a cosplayer (social dimension of authenticity), authenticity to the character (personal dimension of authenticity) and authenticity to their religious identity (religious dimension of authenticity). The subsequent malleable authenticity is used to legitimate cosplay as an acceptable performative practice from a religious and from subcultural view.Originality/valueThe research highlights how tensions between identity and performativity of the body are negotiated. More specifically, the study contributes to the understanding of the way hijab cosplayers reconcile tensions between religious identity and the performativity of the body. Given the role of the body as a site for negotiating identity, this study provides important insights in the tensions and strategies at the intersection of authenticity, embodiment and religious identity in youth cultures.

Полифункциональная модель поведения современного слушателя

The article focuses on strengthening positions of a modern listener in the context of the development of academic musical art. Since the end of the last century, there has been a surge in scientific interest in studying the audience of classical music. Listening experience is being analyzed on an equal basis with composition and performing. Interdisciplinary researches touch upon historical practices, semantic aspects and communication characteristics. However, today the very nature of listeners’ relationship with art is changing, too. The listener becomes an active participant in musical events, playing new roles — that of a musical critic, manager, expert, and even a co-author and performer of works. The formation of new listener’s functions in addition to the perception of music requires a revision of the audience evaluation factor, now based only on the sophistication of the “listening function”. The issue of justifying a new scheme, which would take into account the positions of all participants in a musical event in relation to each other, is extremely relevant. The public refuses the “vassal” role and steadily strengthens its position in the intergroup hierarchy by choosing new behaviors. While the leitmotif of the musical life of the 20th century was the theme of educating a wide audience of genuine taste and a deep understanding of musical content, today the listeners defend their freedom of choice. It is important to understand the reasons and predict the consequences of the increasing emancipation of not only the experienced listener, but also of the neophyte. Music streaming services make a significant contribution to this process. The growing popularity of two youth subcultures demonstrating a high interest in classical art — Dark Academia and Light Academia — deserves attention too.

«Are you Koreans?» — «No, we are Kalmyks!»: развитие танцев «K-pop cover dance» среди молодежи Калмыкии

Introduction. The article deals with the k-pop cover dance direction as one of the movements globalizing the youth environment. Nowadays, the K-pop youth subculture has reached a significant number of teenage schoolchildren with its popularity. Currently, belonging to the K-pop subculture and its dance practices are becoming integral to creating new global identities for young people. Goals. The study aims to examine the richness of K-pop components through dance culture, especially popular among school-age teenagers. Materials. The work primarily analyzes the author’s field materials with the aid of the structural/functional method, that of included observation, as well as interviews (narrative, semi-structured) with respondents. Results and Conclusions. The paper concludes that Kalmyk K-pop fans form a bi-ethnic identity in which a combination of features of both — their own and other ethnic cultures — is equally manifested. At the same time, K-pop cover dance proves the most accessible way to get socialized and develop imagination (i.e., a leisure-time activity) in present-day youth culture.

Вторичная психологическая профилактика самоповреждающего поведения школьников

This program describes the system of work of a school psychologist with students of adolescence and youthful age, as well as their immediate environment at the secondary level of prevention. The pro-gram is coordinated with the characteristics of the target group: it takes into account the cultural specificity of adolescent and youth subcultures, in which self-harm is used to create a group identity and communicate with other members of the group; the context is taken into account (peculiarities of the school environment); the level of development of adolescents (for example, their desire for inde-pendence in relations with their parents and the corresponding problems in communication with them); the trajectory of the formation of undesirable behavior. Based on the analysis of criteria for assessing self-injurious behavior, methods of its diagnosis, including those in the risk group, as well as tools for studying the existing suicidal danger were selected. Discussion of criteria and indicators for tracking the effectiveness of psychological impact is provided. In accordance with the psycholog-ical analysis of the phenomenon, individual and group forms of psychological assistance are as-sumed. The main directions of psychological influence are the formation of constructive motivation (positive values, orientation towards fulfilling social requirements and self-preservation); integration of individual experiences; improving self-regulation; increasing stress resistance and expanding personality resources; development of vital skills; elimination or reduction of manifestations of mala-daptive behavior; expansion of social ties and positive social experience of the individual. Forms of work of a psychologist: organization of the social environment; informing; active social learning (training); initiation of search / organization of alternative activities; activation of personal resources; design to minimize negative consequences; others. The main types of activities, which include students: individual counseling; training groups in order to correct negative emotionally significant situa-tions; individual work with the child’s value system; teaching social skills, methods of effective com-munication, constructive behavior in conflict situations. The main groups of applied methods: meth-ods of stimulating the motivation of behavior change; methods of correcting emotional disorders; self-regulation methods; cognitive restructuring techniques; methods of extinguishing unwanted be-havior; methods of forming positive behavior (reinforcement, rehearsal — assertiveness training, etc.).

Anglophone Poetry in Kenya at the Turn of the Century: Past Experience and Artistic Transformation

The main trends in the development of the English-language poetry of Kenya at the turn of the XX—XXI centuries are considered. The main material is a collection of poems by Kenyan poets, first published in the early 2000s. Particular attention is paid to the ideological and artistic transformation in the work of the young generation of Kenyan poets of the key directions in the development of Kenyan English-language poetry, which developed in the first half of the XX century. The novelty of the research lies in the conclusion about the continuity of the experience of the older generation poets by the English-speaking Kenyan poets, which is expressed in the development of two key directions of the development of Kenyan English-language poetry: socio-political and philosophical-lyric. At the same time, a fundamental change in the artistic method and style transformation is noted in the work of the new generation of Kenyan authors: unlike their predecessors, young Kenyan poets are increasingly gravitating towards the use of rhyme, expressed allegory and imagery, and also adopting previously untested techniques, for example, the use of elements of youth subculture. New material has been brought in, many names are first introduced into the everyday life of domestic and world African studies.

The Artisan Economy and the New Spirit of Capitalism

Against the backdrop of deindustrialization and the rise of the service economy, small artisan businesses have been promoted as a liberatory alternative to large-scale enterprise and mass production in the wake of the 2007 global financial crisis. We analyze advice manuals for aspiring artisan entrepreneurs by adapting Boltanski and Chiapello’s (2005) framework and analysis of management textbooks to investigate books for would-be artisan business owners. These texts are “manuals of moral instruction” (58) that offer the reader the promise of a more fulfilling and ethical life through self-employment. We reveal that the artisan economy promoted by these advice manuals represents a further evolution in capitalism’s co-optation of the artistic critique via the oppositional strata of punk and indie youth subcultures—and their style.

Виникнення стилів "байкер" і "рокер" у сучасній світовій моді

Study of the prerequisites of the emergence of Bikers and Rockers archetypes and their influence on the formation of corresponding subcultures and the direction of independent world fashion styles. The work uses a historical analysis and a visual-analytical method based on illustrative publications to study the artistic and compositional features of rider's clothing. Based on the scientific works of K. Jung, the influence of the collective unconscious on the process of the emergence of "bikers" and "rockers" subcultures are determined. The prerequisites at the inception of these styles were considered, the development of rider's clothing formation in world and Soviet’s fashion as artistic objects was studied, and the manifestations of compositional expressiveness were analysed. Scientific novelty consists in systematization of factors of occurrence of the classical biker style as an independent world fashion stream. Archetypical "bikers" and "rockers" have been identified and classified as part of subcultures and as a model of instinctive behaviour that exist in the collective unconscious. The practical significance consists in the analysis and theoretical generalization of materials that can be used in further applied scientific research of youth subcultures. The results are promising for further study of the influence of socially synthesized art on the clothing of drivers of motorized vehicles and on general trends in the development of world fashion.

Cosplay As a Youth Subculture: The Factors of Choice and Identity Formation

The article addresses the establishment and peculiarities of cosplay as a youth urban subculture in modern Russia. Cosplay is referred to as a subculture created by young people specifically for themselves, which, in a sense, defines it as elitist as long as it is aimed to form a relatively closed community. The authors demonstrate the possibilities of conducting a sociological analysis of cosplay by means of methodologies of sociology of recreation, sociology of game, sociology of communication and sociology of subculture, which supports a multidisciplinary approach to understanding of new practices in youth subcultures. The study actualizes the problem of constructing a new type of identity through subculture, while enhancing such aspects of cosplay as values and norms, and culture and behavior. The subculture analysis relies on the results of multi-methodological, empirical research in sociology: a mass survey (n=496) and in-depth interviews (n=10) conducted in 2018 with cosplayers in Russia. The techniques of on-line survey and face-to-face interview were used. The study reveals basic motives of cosplayers at the stages of entering the subculture and subculture affiliation; addresses the criteria of self-identification as cosplayers and characterizes the attitude of their immediate environment to the choice of this specific subculture. The low level of identifying cosplay with subculture and the absence of opposition to mainstream societal norms and values is one of the most significant conclusions, which corresponds to growing urban tolerance towards displays of subcultures, the rise of cosplay positive connotations in mass media and reference groups. Furthermore, cosplayers give recreational and communicative components of cosplay priority, thus making cosplay a cultural and ludic “hybrid phenomenon”. This study is one of the pioneering ones to research cosplay in Russia, which accounts for its particular relevance and salience.&#x0D; Keywords: cosplay, subculture, motivation, playisation, recreation

Causes of Violent Extremism in Central Asia: The Case of Kazakhstan

The article focuses on causes of violent extremism in Kazakhstan by looking at the violent attacks on law-enforcement bodies in 2011 and 2016 in Aqtobe, Almaty, and Atyrau. Drawing on interviews with the convicted extremists, we argue that criminal youth subculture, grievances, the Salafi-jihadist ideology, and propaganda in the Internet have promoted extremist violence in Kazakhstan. We also make a brief comparative analysis of European jihadists and violent extremists in Kazakhstan, highlighting some important similarities and differences across the regions.

ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ЕТНОКУЛЬТУРНОЇ ТРАДИЦІЇ В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ І ЗАГРОЗ

The article examines the problem of the functioning of the Ukrainian ethnocultural tradition in the context of modern challenges and threats. Emphasis is placed on the need to preserve the national cultural heritage of Ukrainians and the role of cultural and spiritual priorities that form a full-fledged socio-cultural environment and values of the younger generation. The peculiarities of the creation of cultural space in Ukraine and the forms of existence of Ukrainian folklore in the socio-cultural environment are considered, taking into account the challenges and threats of the modern world. The essence of folk traditions and customs as spheres of cultural and spiritual heritage, which influence the communicative organization of people with certain life values, is substantiated. The article considers the essence of the Ukrainian ethnocultural space as an object of Ukrainian studies. It has been proved that ethnoculture is an important factor in the unity of a nation and is an indicator of ethnic and national identity among other peoples, as well as one of the factors of the revival and preservation of national memory. It should be noted that such categories as ethnicity, mentality, national traditions, customs, cultural and ideological components play a significant role in the content of national memory. Folk traditional culture is also a socio-cultural segment of national memory, which potentially helps to consolidate Ukrainian society. It is revealed that Ukrainian culture has long been leveled, censored, ideologically pressured, and destroyed, especially during the Soviet era, but despite the difficulties. Now it is a national and cultural revival of Ukrainian ethnocultural heritage, which is a priority for preserving Ukrainian identity and establishing the independence of the Ukrainian nation in the world. It is proved that ethnoculture highlights the inexhaustible and multifaceted talent of Ukrainians, who are the bearers of folk art. Therefore, responding to modern challenges and threats, changes in the social and political life of the country, new genres of folklore, new types of folk art (youth subculture; graffiti; political anecdotes, such as the genre of laughter culture, etc.) are created in information and cultural space, ridiculing and condemning conflict situations and negative phenomena in society. The Ukrainian nation is modernizing, is actively creating its cultural space despite the influence of the ideology of the "Russian world", despite the economic troubles, the military conflict in the east of our state. The article emphasizes the role of Ukrainian ethnoculture as a component of national culture, which has great potential in establishing Ukraine in the world cultural space, is a powerful factor of deconflicting of Ukrainian society and a consolidating factor of the political unity of Ukrainians, especially in modern hybrid warfare.

“PLACES OF REMEMBRANCE” IN “A GOD IN RUINS” NOVEL BY KATE ATKINSON

The study analyses Kate Atkinson’s novel “A God in Ruins” (2015) in terms of the multidisciplinary field of memory studies. Among the tasks that were set by the author of the study there are: 1) tracking the correlation of individual memory and collective memory; 2) outlining the traumatic experience of the Todd family, namely the “wounds of time” caused to the family by World War II; 3) comprehending the moments of “crystallization” of collective memory, its “thickening” in “places of remembrance”; 4) outlining the boundaries of the cultural archive reproduced in the novel. The study discusses the main message of the novel, which is focused on the theme of World War II, on its understanding and reflection in the collective memory of the British people. Through the image of the main character Teddy Todd, a military pilot, specially created by the author to describe war events, the reader can feel and experience the burden of air battles. Teddy Todd is a survivor who survived to preserve the memory of his fallen comrades, to testify war crimes and to raise a new generation of British people (post-war generation of children and grandchildren). The character realises that a peaceful life is not the final happy-end, because in addition to the need to arrange his own existence, it is necessary to heal the “wounds of time”, as well as to fulfil the duty of remembrance towards the dead men. These surviving memories should be embodied in “places of remembrance” (monuments, museums, military burials, works of art, etc.). The study outlines a conditional cultural archive that correlates with the text of Kate Atkinson’s novel. This arrangement of memorable dates, memories, and events can be tentatively described in the form of a scheme (the scheme is attached hereto), where the central place is occupied by the most catastrophic experience of people during the World War II. Other “places of remembrance” in connection with the war may be related to its causes or consequences. The main points of the conditional archive: World War I, coinciding with the birth of Teddy Todd; interwar period, which includes the childhood and adolescence of the character; World War II, which involves Teddy Todd in the Battle for Britain and the bombing of Germany; postwar reconstruction of Britain; pacifist movements and youth subcultures in Britain in the 1960s and 1970s that shaped Viola Todd’s worldview; The Queen’s Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee, coinciding with the death of Teddy Todd. The conditional archive of the novel, and the “places of remembrance” recreated in it correlate with the collective memory of people in Britain, thus encouraging the understanding of the traumatic experience caused by the World War II.

Youth subculture as a sociocultural phenomenon: essence, structure, functions

Youth subculture as a sociocultural phenomenon: essence, structure, functions

LANGUAGE MARKERS OF CITY SUBCULTURE IN SERHIY ZHADAN’S NOVELS

The article is dedicated to the linguostylistic study of the language markers of city subculture – an under system of the national culture and verbalization of the specifics of human life in the modern urban space. The article highlights verbal realizations of the city as an agent in Zhadan’s novels “Anarchy in UKR and “Big Mak” – language markers of subculture, and it singles out his lexical and textual components: lexical-semantic groups of infrastructure names, notions of everyday culture, abstract notions, etc. The article follows up the creation of language markers of the city subculture in the space that is a city – time, historic memory, such as language markers of the totalitarian era. Language markers of the modern city are being explored – names of food and drinks, groceries and clothes which are losing their ethnographic function thus recreating an artistic view of globalization in the modern world. The article points out idiostylistic parameters of the author’s narrative in his forming of the depiction of the city, namely the depiction’s psychological course in the space journey – recalling – personal memories. The accent is made on the author’s language strategy- writing about his present and past experiences (memories, associations, personal retrospective), on the author being a part of the youth subculture, syntactic structures, free indirect form questions, questions-introdactions and his orientation towards dialog style. The article proves that the city in Zhadan’s novels functions as his linguocultural and signature feature.

The role of youth subcultures in the formation of images about the beauty of the human body

The role of youth subcultures in the formation of images about the beauty of the human body

Hip Hop Dance as a Type of Youth Subculture: An Analysis of its Benefits

Youth culture is often marginalized from dominant culture both in academic and public spheres as a subculture. However, it is an indispensable element of human existence and young people are closely associated with and are influenced by it. This article takes hip hop dance, often being negatively linked to youth gangs, anti-social behavior, and crime, as an example to examine and elaborate the benefits of youth subculture. The study may shed light on a critical reflection of the conventional negative attitudes towards youth culture.

Media discourse of youth subculture as a sociocultural phenomenon (based on runet sources)

Media discourse of youth subculture as a sociocultural phenomenon (based on runet sources)