Youth Employment Research Articles

Employment of young people with disabilities: The potential of social partnership of universities, municipalities and the labor market of Ukraine.

This study analyzed the existing global experience of university and labor market partnerships concerning the employment of youth with disabilities. It was found that current cooperation models are implemented locally, in a fragmented manner, and are limited to interactions between universities and large enterprises. The research aimed to explore the current state of meeting the needs of students with disabilities in terms of providing educational services and employment opportunities and to analyze the interaction between universities, municipalities, and the labor market to improve employment opportunities for young people with disabilities. The study considered a survey of three target groups from different regions of Ukraine (105 students with disabilities, 321 university faculty members, and 102 enterprise managers) conducted to study the current state of needs satisfaction in providing educational services and employing people with disabilities. The findings indicated a lack of coordination among stakeholders, an absence of systematization, and organization in addressing the issue of improving the employment of youth with disabilities. The research enabled the identification of existing and desired connections between the subjects of social partnership. A social partnership model between universities, municipalities, and the labor market was developed to improve the employment of youth with disabilities. The study results are promising, as implementing the social partnership model will broadly impact society.

Factors of employment of graduates of higher educational institutions in Guinea

Employment of higher education graduates is a challenge for governments in both developed and developing countries. This article highlights factors that explain the professional integration of graduates leaving universities. This study demonstrates the variables influencing the employment of young tertiary graduates. The model used allows us to establish economic relationships between exogenous and endogenous variables. The variables are qualitative and dichotomous in nature with multiple modalities. The presented results allow us to determine which exogenous variable has a greater impact on the endogenous variable so that governments can consider it in youth employment policies. We also advise young graduates in terms of finding a job. The purpose of this study is to promote the professional integration of Guinean higher education graduates. The main objective is to identify the problems faced in the labour market by Guinean higher education graduates. Using SPSS software, we have obtained the following results: the higher the level of education, the greater the chances of finding a job; personal initiative gives a better chance of finding a job than any other method of finding a job; men have an advantage over women in terms of employment opportunities; married people are luckier than single people; those who have had a previous job are also more likely to find a job than those who have not had; graduates who have lived abroad are more likely to find a job than those who have not lived abroad.

Assessing the Effectiveness of TVET Training in Enhancing Youth Employability: A Case Study of Kisumu County, Kenya

Abstract: TVET offers opportunities to equip youth with industry-relevant skills, bridging the gap between education and employment. However, challenges such as inadequate funding, outdated curricula, limited access to modern equipment, and negative perceptions hinder its potential. This study assessed the effectiveness of TVET training in enhancing youth employability n Kisumu County, Kenya. Social learning theory and Human capital theory were adopted. A descriptive survey design was adopted. The study targeted a population of 20,857 consisting of 20,814 TVET students, 42 Heads of TVET institutions and 1 County Education Officer in Kisumu County Government. The sample size was 379 determined using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) formula. Sampling was conducted by means of disproportionate stratified random sampling. Structured questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect data. Data analytical methods were content analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics. Linear relationships between variables were determined using Pearson`s Correlation analysis method. The correlational coefficient for youth employment was=0.57 implying a moderate positive relationship between TVET training and youth employability. Government as policy-maker was recommended to institute regular reform for reviewing the existing TVET curricula in order to incorporate feedback from students and adapt to emerging dynamics of demographic dividends. The Government should increase funding, resources for TVET Institutions: The government should allocate more financial resources to TVET institutions to enhance infrastructure and support the development of industry-relevant programs and strengthen industry partnerships and collaborations between TVET institutions and industries to ensure that training programs are aligned with current labor market demands.

Education and Economic Empowerment: How Political Policies Shape the Future of Youth Employment

This article examines the complex interactions that exist between political policy, economic empowerment, and education, with a particular emphasis on how these interactions may affect young employment in the future. Education is essential in today’s dynamic global economy because it gives young people the skills they need to succeed in the workforce. However, the political climate frequently affects how well educational programs promote economic empowerment. Through an analysis of labour market regulations, youth employment initiatives, and national education reforms, this research illustrates how political frameworks impact access to high-quality education and chances for economic success. The article highlights the main obstacles to and prospects for achieving employment requirements alignment between educational achievements and case studies from industrialized and developing countries via a critical examination. To encourage youth-centric policies that support inclusive, egalitarian, and sustainable economic growth, the study ends with recommendations for policymakers.

Investigate the Causes of High Unemployment Rate in Youth Labour Market in China

Abstract: The objective of this research is to examine the consequences and issues of youth employment in China. This issue has been encountered by the public in recent years as the unemployment rate increases per year according to reputable resources in China. Nonetheless, there is a high tendency to get even higher in the next few years if no action is taken place by the government. Thus, it becomes important for public to understand the causes triggering this high unemployment rate among college students. In this essay, it seeks to examine the multiple issues of youth unemployment in China, and provides an understanding of the issues and challenges faced in the youth labour market through analyzing the data from resources such as the Chinese National Bureau of Statistics, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and other authoritative websites. This essay will also advise some possible strategies that can be used to reduce the high unemployment rate in the country.

Streamlining Complex Intervention Evaluation Through Participatory Systems Mapping and Contribution Analysis: A Comprehensive Framework for Actionable Complexity Evaluation

The use of complexity-based evaluation methods remains relatively underexplored in the field of evaluation. While increasingly employed to assess complex interventions, Contribution Analysis (CA) continues to suffer from a lack of operationalization. In this article, we propose enhancing the implementation of CA by leveraging Participatory Systems Mapping as a tool to delineate and scrutinize contribution narratives. The research has a dual objective. It aims to experiment with the recently introduced Participatory Systems Mapping method in the field of evaluation while providing a tool for examining contribution narratives. The combination of CA and Participatory Systems Mapping was tested by evaluating a youth employability project. This approach enabled a collaborative and in-depth examination of impact stories and alternative explanations. It proved valuable not only in managing the complexity of the intervention but also in strengthening the implementation of CA.

Using a Phenomenological and Fanon Analytic: A Methodological Framework and Method for Research with Impoverished Black Male Youth

While there is a good amount of general literature on the experiences of Black men in Canada, there is a paucity of empirical data regarding the specific lived experiences of first- and second-generation, Canadian-born, impoverished Black young men (ages 15–29). Black male youth are often impoverished due to anti-Black racism and classism, which together further social and economic barriers. While many methods of data collection and analysis provide a useful snapshot of the experiences of young Black men, many traditional methods are unable to highlight the nuance that lies in complex intersections of identity for Black young men experiencing poverty and un(der)employment. This article demonstrates the success of practices rooted in phenomenology to understand and articulate the unique, heterogeneous lived experiences of first- and second-generation impoverished Black young men who utilize youth employment training programs in three Canadian cities. Further, this article demonstrates how using Frantz Fanon’s scholarly work and applied phenomenology can inform future research on Black and other underserved youth who face complex marginalization.

Features of Youth Employment in the Labor Market

The article considers the difficulties young people face in finding employment: high level of competition among specialists without experience, lack of necessary work in regions and forced migration of young job seekers to major cities, mismatch between education and labor market expressed in lack of necessary competences of graduates or unwillingness to work in their profession. The article also considers the main factors influencing the process of employment of young professionals and their choice of profession. It analyzes the difference between the initial salary levels in different professional fields and regions and their subsequent differentiation during the career. The opinion of young job seekers regarding their own position in the labor market is assessed: their evaluation of the difficulty and criticality of employment at the moment, readiness to reduce salary requirements, to seek part-time work and fear of quitting their current job. The article draws conclusions about the main problems hindering the employment of young job seekers in the labor market and the factors contributing to the growing shortage of young professionals in certain sectors of the economy.

Effects of Innovative Technologies on Gender Disparity and the Future of Work

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) has prompted organizations to embrace digital transformation, demanding that employees possess ICT technical skills to boost productivity. In developing countries, a lack of ICT education exacerbates high youth unemployment, particularly among gender-disadvantaged individuals who struggle to secure jobs requiring digital literacy. This study investigates the factors contributing to the gender disparity of youth unemployment in South Africa. The study adopted the Technology Acceptance Theory to guide the study. The quantitative method was used for the data collection process using Google Forms to draft a questionnaire that was distributed to respondents online. The study results show the importance of ICT technical education to improve youth employment prospects and recommend that policymakers implement ICT skills development initiatives to mitigate youth unemployment.

IMPLIKASI KAWASAN WISATA TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN DESA PUJON KIDUL

This study aims to determine the methods used by BUMDes Sumber Sejahtera to improve the economy of the community in Pujon Kidul Village by looking at the unemployment rate, income, and type of work owned by the community. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection through interviews and documentation. The results of the study explain that the tourist area, namely Cafe Sawah, has an impact on village funds in the allocation of funds, provides employment for youth in the village, and has a positive impact on bad habits, namely drunkenness, gambling, and others. It can be said that the tourist area in Pujon Kidul Village, especially Cafe Sawah, has a majorimpact on the existing economy and socio-culture.

Youth involvement in rice production: A panacea for youth restiveness in Anambra State, Nigeria

There is a great concern about youth restiveness due to growing unemployment in Nigeria, whereas agriculture is a huge business space with the potential for youth involvement and employment. The study sought to ascertain the level of youths' involvement in rice production in Anambra State, Nigeria. Eighty youths were purposively selected because of the preponderance of rice production in the area. Data were collected using a structured interview schedule and were analysed using mean, standard deviation, and multiple linear regression. The study revealed that youths were into the planting of rice seedlings, buying and selling of seedlings, harvesting, and fertilizer application. Sex and level of education significantly influenced youths' involvement in rice production. The youths were constrained majorly by the high cost of inputs, and lack of funds to expand production. Adequate and comprehensive training on rice production and enforcement of practical agriculture curricula in schools were identified as possible strategies for improving youths' involvement in rice production. The study concluded that youth were into rice production though influenced by their level of education and sex. The government should make rice production attractive to the youth by eliminating the constraining factors associated with it.

Impact of entrepreneurial incubators on youth employment in South African local government

Background: Unemployment has been the central socioeconomic issue in South Africa since the democracy in 1994. As a result, the nation’s unemployed youth continue to be at risk in the job market. In the quest for alternatives, youth entrepreneurship has been acknowledged as a crucial strategy for empowering youth through innovation and technology.Aim: This study sought to analyse the impact of innovative entrepreneurial incubators (IEIs) in fostering youth employment within Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality.Setting: This study was conducted within the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality to analyse the effectiveness of IEIs in supporting young entrepreneurs, thus increasing employment opportunities for the youth in South Africa.Methods: A sample of 20 semi-structured open-ended interviews was conducted, and thematic coding was used for data analysis.Results: The study found that there are several challenges pertaining to the effective implementation of IEIs to foster youth employment in South African municipalities. This is attributed to a lack of funding and educational programmes.Conclusion: The main recommendation is that all municipalities must establish IEIs and devise strategies to ensure that these are implemented effectively.Contribution: This study contributes to improved municipal governance through providing innovative mechanisms that foster effective and efficient implementation of IEIs in South African local government. This contribution aims to ensure that municipalities discharge their constitutional mandate to improve citizens’ standard of living through IEIs, especially in areas with high youth unemployment.

Is a single minimum wage policy viable option? Evidence from the impact of minimum wage on youth employment in Malaysia

The present study is aimed to identify an ideal mechanism to reduce negative effect of minimum wage on youth employment generation. Using available data from Department of Statistics, the study runs an annual panel regression at the state level based on fixed effect specification model. The finding demonstrates that the minimum wage has a negative effect on employment, particularly among youth. It implies that there is an excess of labour supply in the market at the current wage rate. As a result, the rate set is higher than equilibrium, signifying firm disadvantages. The negative effect is more prevalent if the single national minimum wage rate policy is applied to all states. Therefore, the national wage policy should be thoroughly examined. Instead, a regional wage rate should be explored as a potential solution for mitigating and preventing negative employment effects.

Dynamics of youth unemployment in ASEAN-5 emerging economies through macroeconomic analysis

This research investigates youth unemployment dynamics in ASEAN-5 emerging economies using a macroeconomic framework. Employing the panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) methodology, it examines the effects of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation rate, population growth and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on youth unemployment rates. Empirical results reveal that GDP and inflation significantly influence youth unemployment over the long term. This highlights the interplay between economic expansion and youth employment prospects. Conversely, neither population growth nor FDI significantly impacts youth unemployment. This suggests that increasing population or attracting foreign investments alone may not directly translate to better employment opportunities for the youth. Instead, robust economic growth and stable inflation rates are crucial. These findings underscore the need for ASEAN-5 policymakers to develop strategies fostering economic growth and controlling inflation to mitigate its adverse effects on youth employment. The research provides insights into how targeted economic policies can better address youth unemployment challenges, creating a conducive environment for job creation and economic stability, ultimately benefiting the youth workforce.

State policy of Russia to promote youth employment under the modern challenges

Objective: to systematize and develop ideas about the improvement of the Russian state policy to promote youth employment. Methods: the work is based on the analysis of literature and normative-legal documents using general scientific methods of cognition. Results: the paper reveals the legal bases for the activities of Russian authorities in the field of promoting youth employment and developing labor market. It is shown that, despite the variety of measures, young people still face serious barriers to successful career starting and stable employment in general. The analysis summarizes the priority areas of action to overcome the most pressing problems, including: loose regulation of the status of a young specialist; limited statistics; low awareness of young people about the situation on the labor market; mismatch between the personnel produced and the current needs of the economy, etc. The conclusion emphasizes the importance to summarizing the accumulated experience and practical application of the most beneficial solutions, taking into account the specifics of the Russian labor market. Scientific novelty: the conducted research contributes to the development of theoretical and practical issues of promoting youth employment, including the deepening of ideas about the main barriers to stable employment and measures to overcome them. Practical significance: the study results can be used, first of all, in the practice of public administration at any level to improve the policy to promote youth employment.

Caffeinating Entrepreneurship: Understating the Factors Driving Coffee Farming Entrepreneurial Intentions among Potential Entrepreneurs

While entrepreneurship continues to gain significance worldwide as a means for economic development and a tool for youth employment, coffee cultivation entrepreneurial intention becomes an essential goal to investigate and a necessary instrument. Accordingly, this research investigates the role of external factors, namely Access to Finance (ATF), Structural and Institutional Support (SIS), Physical Infrastructure Support (PIS), Social Influence (SIF) and Education and Training (ET), in stimulating Coffee Farming Entrepreneurial Intention (CFEI) among potential entrepreneurs (students). A sample of 318 participants from various universities in Saudi Arabia responded to an online questionnaire, forming the basis for analysis using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The study reported different findings, such as a positive relationship between CFEI and other factors, namely PIS, SIF and ET. However, the study found no positive connection between ATF, SIS and CFEI. The study concluded by providing actionable recommendations for policymakers about stimulating coffee farming among students and contributing to the economic development process and youth employment. It also assists in the establishment of sustainable business environments for future generations.

The Role of the Igbo Apprenticeship System in Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria

The growth of entrepreneurship is vital for Nigeria's economic development, with Small and Medium-scale Enterprises (SMEs) playing a key role. This study examines the impact of the Igbo Apprenticeship System on entrepreneurship development and youth employment in Nigeria. Through semi-structured interviews with 50 Igbo business owners at Dugbe market in Ibadan, Oyo State, a significant market in South-Western Nigeria, the research highlights the system's role in establishing small businesses and imparting entrepreneurial skills to apprentices. The study confirms that the apprenticeship system is well-established within the community, with all respondents familiar with it. It highlights the system's critical role in entrepreneurship development in Nigeria, noting that 98% of respondents have participated in the system, and over 60% have sustained their businesses for more than ten years. The system also positively impacts youth employment by providing young people with the skills necessary to start and run their own businesses. However, it shows limited success in empowering females, and challenges such as financial settlement issues and a hostile work environment persist. The study recommends restructuring the system to shift from an individualistic focus to one that promotes teamwork, collaboration, and mutual support, with a particular emphasis on enhancing inclusivity for women.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria

The purpose of this study was to investigate how information and communication technology (ICT) contributes to the growth of entrepreneurship in Nigeria. When it comes to the broad acceptance of social media and digital apps, ICT plays a crucial role in the day-to-day operations of entrepreneurial endeavours. A desk research strategy was used, and literature on the effects of ICT on the growth of entrepreneurship was examined. According to the report, there is a plethora of potential for youth empowerment, employability, and general employment when ICT is applied to business growth. A lack of proper entrepreneurship orientation, inconsistent power supplies, inadequate ICT infrastructure, a lack of skilled technicians and technologists, poor access to financing, and poor marketing abilities were among the difficult factors that the study also uncovered. These were obstacles that any aspiring business owner had to overcome to ensure the sustainability of an existing venture. The report suggested, among other things, that given the critical role that ICT plays in the creation of entrepreneurial possibilities, the government and other stakeholders should create an environment that is supportive of the development of ICT infrastructure to support the growth of entrepreneurship. Furthermore, training facilities in ICT should be provided by relevant government agencies and networth stakeholders to increase the efficiency of the country’s entrepreneurs, enabling them to acquire relevant technical and technological skills needed to expand output, maintain existing customers, gain access to wider markets, and improve their entrepreneurial activities generally, particularly in terms of the development of new products for solving societal problems in the country.

Review and Development of Innopreneurship Model to Enhance the University Ecosystem

This paper aims to study the initiatives taken by the private Universities through business Incubation centers for the development and promotion of Innovation and entrepreneurship. It also studies the linkages among University Incubation centers, young innovators, Industry and investors for ecosystem development. Traditional universities role has gradually evolved and changed now to redirect the new knowledge system for nation’s economic development through University Incubation centers. A model has been developed that illustrates how University Incubation center is functioning for the wellbeing of Society, Nation’s economy and youth employment. Current research paper is dealing various elements in understanding and analyzing the changing dynamics of University system in nurturing business Incubation and innovations through various initiatives and platform of developments. The Result shows that university provides a sound platform for young entrepreneurs for start-up’s with their innovative ideas and to help in startups at various levels. The model based innopreneurship framework will help to enhance university ecosystem and its functioning through Innovation and Entrepreneurial goals. Key words: Innovation, Incubation center, Entrepreneurship, Qualitative research. etc.

DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE

The article examines the theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine in modern conditions. The main factors affecting the slow development of this sector have been identified and analyzed, including: lack of legislative regulation of the activities of social enterprises, insufficient awareness of the population about their activities, a small number of social enterprises and socio-economic instability of the national economy. Key external and internal factors contributing to the development of social entrepreneurship at the regional level were discussed, and recommendations aimed at improving the situation were substantiated, including the need to develop a national strategy for the development of social entrepreneurship. The authors justified the importance of applying a comprehensive approach to the development of social entrepreneurship and support at all levels to ensure the rapid development of social enterprises, which will contribute to solving social problems and improving the welfare of society. It was found that the development of social entrepreneurship in the regions of Ukraine is determined by a combination of external and internal factors, including informing the population, simplifying taxation, grant support, preferential lending, support from the authorities, staff training, production development and the search for new customers. It was determined that in order to ensure the effective development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine, it is necessary to develop a national strategy that would ensure the coordination of efforts of all interested parties, as well as support regional initiatives, such as the creation of resource centers and the development of regional strategies. The role of social enterprises in the employment of vulnerable segments of the population, employment of youth, solving gender problems, and generating funds to finance the solution of social problems within the scope of their activities has been studied.