Differences In Crop Yield Research Articles

Editorial Volume 8 Issue 1 (January 2022)

Editorial Volume 8 Issue 1 (January 2022)

Diversity of Bee Pollinators – Global and Indian Perspective

Bees are important diverse group of pollinators that contribute to pollination and reproductive success of many angiosperms. Of the hundred principal crops that accounts for world’s food supply, only 15 % was pollinated by domestic bees (honeybees and bumble bees) and 80% are pollinated by wild non-apis bees (leaf cutter bees, sweat bees, digger bees). Honeybees, bumble bees and stingless bees were social in habit with typical caste system (queen, drones and workers) and division of labour. Seven different species of honeybees were reported from India viz., Apis mellifera, A. cerana, A. florea, A. dorsata and A. labriosa. Among the different species of honeybees, A. mellifera and A. cerana were domesticated in India for the honey production. Native bees like leaf cutter bees, sweat bees, digger bees were solitary in habit and constructs their habit in hollow cavities, pithy stems and underground. The native bees buzz pollinates plants with typical floral morphology results in increased fruit/pod set and yield in different crops.

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Different Crops at Charlands in Bangladesh

The experiment was conducted at the farmer’s fields of three Charlands in Bangladesh during November 2019 to July 2020 for establishing new technologies for enhancement of productivity through innovative soil management practices. The experiments were established in a randomized complete block design using six treatments and three replications. Treatments of the experiments were T1 = FP (Farmers’ Practice) (Control), T2 = RF (Recommended Fertilizer) + Vermicompost (3t/ha), T3 = RF (Recommended Fertilizer) + Quick Compost (3t/ha), T4 = RF (Recommended Fertilizer) + Standard Organic Fertilizers (3t/ha), T5 = RF (Recommended Fertilizer) + Poultry Manure (3t/ha) and T6 = RF (Recommended Fertilizer) + Biochar (3t/ha). The soil status in all selected Charlands were very low to optimum. Results of the experiment showed that application of organic fertilizers along with inorganic fertilizers produced significant (p<0.05) variation in growth and yield parameters of the crops. The findings from the study showed that different organic fertilizers showed better performance compared to Farmer’s practice. The statistically maximum fruit yield (41.35t/ha) of pumpkin, grain yield (3.24t/ha) of millet and tuber yield (43.69t/ha) of sweet potato was recorded in biochar treated T6 treatment compared to other treatments. Besides, the statistically highest fresh fruit yield (29.50t/ha) of snake gourd, fresh fruit yield (20.80t/ha) of okra and yield (74.16t/ha) of Indian spinach were recorded in poultry manure treated T5 treatment compared to other treatments. Comparatively higher growth and yield of different crops were obtained from poultry manure along with inorganic fertilizers which was followed by biochar and quick compost application. It is recommended to the farmers to use organic fertilizers along with inorganic fertilizers.

Value of integrating perennial forage seed crops in annual cropping sequences

AbstractCropping sequences integrating perennial forages and annual crops can generate multidimensional agroeconomic and environmental benefits. A 4‐yr cropping sequence study was conducted from 2013 to 2016 to evaluate the relative merits of various cropping sequences. Three forage seed crops (creeping red fescue [Festuca rubra L.], alsike clover [Trifolium hybridum L.], and red clover [Trifolium pratense L.]) and four annual food crops (wheat [Triticum aestivum L.], canola [Brassica napus L.], barley [Hordeum vulgare L.], and pea [Pisum sativum L.]) were used to generate eight different cropping sequence treatments, which were split into three levels of nitrogen (N): 0, 45, and 90 kg ha−1. The seed yields of different crops were expressed as canola equivalent yield (CEY) and summed for 4‐yr cropping sequences. Economic benefits for 4‐yr cropping sequences were calculated using the input–output price scenarios of individual years. The highest CEY, gross return, and gross margin over partial variable costs were obtained from creeping red fescue‐based cropping sequences, irrespective of N application rates. Based on CEY and gross margins, the merit order is ranked as creeping red fescue‐based sequences > high diversity annual crop sequences ≈ alsike clover‐based sequence ≈ wheat–canola alternating sequence > continuous canola sequence. The clover‐based sequences had positive effects on the performance of succeeding crops of wheat and canola. Among the annual crop‐based sequences, economic profitability increased with the diversification from continuous canola through wheat–canola alternation to pea–barley–wheat–canola in the sequence. Further study investigating soil health and greenhouse gas emissions parameters is warranted to elucidate multidimensional agroecosystem services of diversified perennial forage seed crop‐based cropping sequences compared with annual crops‐based sequences.

Agrivoltaic system impacts on microclimate and yield of different crops within an organic crop rotation in a temperate climate

Agrivoltaic (AV) systems integrate the production of agricultural crops and electric power on the same land area through the installation of solar panels several meters above the soil surface. It has been demonstrated that AV can increase land productivity and contribute to the expansion of renewable energy production. Its utilization is expected to affect crop production by altering microclimatic conditions but has so far hardly been investigated. The present study aimed to determine for the first time how changes in microclimatic conditions through AV affect selected agricultural crops within an organic crop rotation. For this purpose, an AV research plant was installed near Lake Constance in south-west Germany in 2016. A field experiment was established with four crops (celeriac, winter wheat, potato and grass-clover) cultivated both underneath the AV system and on an adjacent reference site without solar panels. Microclimatic parameters, crop development and harvestable yields were monitored in 2017 and 2018. Overall, an alteration in microclimatic conditions and crop production under AV was confirmed. Photosynthetic active radiation was on average reduced by about 30% under AV. During summertime, soil temperature was decreased under AV in both years. Furthermore, reduced soil moisture and air temperatures as well as an altered rain distribution have been found under AV. In both years, plant height of all crops was increased under AV. In 2017 and 2018, yield ranges of the crops cultivated under AV compared to the reference site were −19 to +3% for winter wheat, −20 to +11% for potato and −8 to −5% for grass-clover. In the hot, dry summer 2018, crop yields of winter wheat and potato were increased by AV by 2.7% and 11%, respectively. These findings show that yield reductions under AV are likely, but under hot and dry weather conditions, growing conditions can become favorable.

Climate change and land-use in Indian agriculture

Using spatially disaggregated district-level data from India, this study has investigated the impact of climate change, especially rising temperature, on land use in agriculture or cropping patterns, presupposing that climate change influences farmers’ acreage allocation decisions via its effects on crops’ comparative yield advantage. The findings show that excess temperature negatively impacts crop yields, and the impact is higher in the plausible future climate scenarios. Under the greenhouse gas representative concentration pathway RCP4.5, the yields of different crops are lower by 1.8 to 6.6% in the medium-term (2041–2060) and 7.2 to 23.6% in the long-term (2061–2080). The heterogeneity in the crops’ yield response to temperature, however, does not lead to any notable intra- and inter-regional shifts in the cropping patterns. The area shares of different crops decline by 0.1 to 0.4 percentage points in the medium-term and 0.4 to 1.3 percentage points in the long-term. This evidence suggests limited prospects for adaptation to climate change through adjustments in land use. The future adaptation strategies should, therefore, be built around the innovations in crop breeding for stress tolerance, higher yields and resource-use efficiency, management of land and water resources, and formal risk-mitigating mechanisms such as crop insurance and hedging.

Response of horticultural crops under variable microclimatic conditions of different protected cultivation structures

Protected cultivation structures provide favorable environment for crop growth thereby achieving greater yield and high quality produce. The objective of this work was to evaluate the microclimate parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and light intensity underdifferent protected cultivation structures in comparison with open field condition. Four types of protected cultivation structures (polyhouse, walking tunnel,shadenet house and modified greenhouse) were considered for the study. Meteorological data of seven years (2010-2016), recorded on daily basis were used for micro climate analysis of different protected cultivation structures. FAO-56 Penman Monteith approach was used to estimate the reference crop evapotranspiration under different kind of protected cultivation structures.Study shows that walking tunnel, polyhouse and modified greenhouse structures offers a solar energy saver and enhances temperature inside the structures. The total water requirement of drip irrigated crops in protected cultivation structure is reduced by about 25% to 35% under different protected cultivation structures in comparison to open field cultivation. This paper also presents the difference incrop yield grown under protected cultivation structures and open field condition.

Emerging Trends in Machine Learning to Predict Crop Yield and Study Its Influential Factors: A Survey

Agriculture is one of the most crucial field contributing to the development of any nation. It not only affects the economy of nation but also has impact on the world food grain statistics. For agriculturist obtaining sustainable production of crop is always a challenge. Achieving optimum crop yield has always been a challenge for the farmer due to ever changing environmental conditions. The major reasons for unpredictability of crop yield are: land types, availability of resources, and changing nature of weather. Thus, the scientists all over the world are trying to discover techniques which can efficiently and accurately estimate the crop yield in much advance so that the farmers can take suitable actions to meet the future challenges. The main objectives of the study include: (a) Exploration of various machine learning techniques used in crop yield prediction; (b) Assessment of advanced techniques like deep learning in yield estimations; and (c) To explore the efficiency of hybridized models formed by the combination of more than one technique. The reviews done have shown good inclination towards hybrid models and deep learning techniques as means of crop yield prediction. The study also reviewed the works done by researchers in assessing the influence of various factors on crop yields and temperature and precipitation have been found to have maximum influence on the yields of different crops. Apart from climatic factors, agronomic practices adopted by farmers at various stages of growth of a plant also have considerable influence of the final yield of crop.

Using crop simulation model to evaluate influence of water management practices and multiple cropping systems on crop yields: A case study for Ethiopian highlands

Abstract Low soil fertility, soil water stress and deteriorating natural resources are among the causal factors to low crop productivity in Africa. In this study, impact of cropping systems and water management practices on yield of different crops were simulated using the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer-Cropping System Model. The treatments included continuous cropping (monoculture) of three different crops [wheat, WT; barley, BA; chickpea, CP]; and rotation systems (WT-BA, and WT-BA-CP). Crops were treated with three different water management practices (a) rainfed; (b) tied ridging; and (c) irrigation. Five years (2013−2017) average actual yields were obtained and average short-term (2013−2017) and long-term (1984−2019) yield gaps, relative yields and yield changes were calculated. The yield gap (Yg) [the difference between actual (Ya) and simulated rainfed yield (Yw)] for wheat, barley and chickpea were 0.0 to 0.6, 0.1 to 1.7 and 0.2 to 2.1 Mg/ha, respectively. The large Yg value for chickpea was mainly attributed to the water stress. Whereas barley and wheat yield were less affected by the water stress when compared to chickpea. The rotation WT-BA-CP was more responsive to water management than WT-BA. Tied ridging or irrigations can be considered as an option for improving yield in water scarce areas. Chickpea fixed substantial amount of nitrogen (90–246 kg N/ha) in the soil, which could result in yield benefits and reduced use of inorganic nitrogen. Overall, the rotation WT-BA-CP may be a better option than WT-BA or continuous cropping as it can provide multiple benefits via enhanced crop diversity, improved soil fertility and more resilience to pest and diseases. This simulation case study and discussion of results showed the importance of integration of crop rotations with soil and water conservation practices for improving overall yields and contributions to ecological intensification.

Improving the Water-Use Efficiency and the Agricultural Productivity: An Application Case in a Modernized Semiarid Region in North-Central Mexico

The increasing population demands a greater quantity of food. In order to satisfy the world’s demand, one of the main challenges worldwide consists of modernizing the current irrigation systems. This research shows an experience carried out in a modernized irrigation module in Central-North Mexico following these objectives: to evaluate the impact of the modernization of the irrigation module, to analyze the agricultural productivity, and to assess a group of parameters related with the agricultural production (system conduction and distribution efficiencies, water productivity, among others) and the water volumes after and before the modernization. After a drought period, a methodology was performed in commercial parcels in 2013 to increase the yield of different crops. Some of the activities were: soil leveling, estimation of the soil properties (field capacity, wilting point, bulk density, pH, and organic matter), optimum fertilization applications, use of a model to scheduling irrigation, measure volumes extracted at the parcel level. With the modernization and the method used, around 1800 and 2000 m3 ha−1 were saved with respect to the initial granted volume by the Comisión Nacional del Agua and increase in the global efficiency was also achieved (from 55% to 85%). All crop yields increased, i.e., for corn from 2.5 kg/m3 to 3.8 kg/m3. The impact of modernization accompanied with an effective operation allowed a significant increase of the crop yield and water productivity. Despite a controlled distribution of water being carried out, future research should contemplate free water demand scenarios and automation irrigation for improving the module operation.

Investigation the Effects of Climate Variables on Yield and Yield Risk of Dry-land Wheat Using Moment-Based Models

The yield of agricultural products and their risk are highly conditional on climate conditions. Thus, investigating how these changes will affect yields of different crops and their risk of production is of interest to producers and agricultural policy makers. This study tries to investigate consequences of changes in climate parameters on yield and risk of dry-land wheat production in Mashhad city. To this end, annual time series data on dry-land wheat yield and monthly climate information over 1991 to 2017 in Mashhad were used to specify crop yield conditional probability distribution functions, using Moment-based regression models. Unconditional yield distribution then, was derived using the yield conditional probability distributions. Finally, simulation approach was used to simulate the effects of changes in the climate parameters on the mean and variance of yield distribution. Results reveal that the rainfall factor in the vegetative growth phase and in the germination stage, the total annual precipitation, and the numbers of days that go below zero degree of Celsius in the sleep stage are important factors in determining the yield and yield risk of dry-land wheat in Mashhad. The simulation results indicate that the yield’s mean of dry-land wheat will fluctuate between +21.40% and -20.49% relative to the base line yield, given the best or the worst reviewed climate condition is prevailed. In addition, given the upward trend of average annual temperature and downward trend of total annual precipitation during the past 26 years in Mashhad, and according to IPCC climate change prediction, an increase in the risk of production and a decrease in the mean of the yield is expected in the future. Accordingly, developing an appropriate variety which is dry resistance, or searching for an appropriate plant to be substituted for the dry-land wheat in Mashhad can be suggested as a way to face with climate change challenges in this region.

Online Fertilizer Recommendation System (OFRS): A Step Towards Precision Agriculture And Optimized Fertilizer Usage By Smallholder Farmers In Bangladesh

The recent progression and Green Revolution (approx. between the 1990s-2010s) in agriculture of Bangladesh resulted in an increase of total production despite yield-gap to ensure food security. But agriculture in Bangladesh is still backed-up by higher use of inputs (agrochemicals-fertilizers, pesticides; modern varieties, irrigation etc.) and inversion tillage. This conventional agrochemical-based smallholder agriculture may lead to soil and environmental degradation, soil acidification, and a decline in soil fertility. Therefore, it is significant to optimize input application in intensive agriculture, especially fertilizers. This paper introduces the potential online facilities of generating online fertilizer recommendations for smallholder farmers in Bangladesh to ensure proper usage of fertilizers and enable sustainable agricultural production. We also highlighted how the usage of fertilizers increased with an increase in total production over time. But the sustainability of production in the years to come still remain challenging. With the aim of sustainable crop production, reduction in the misuse of fertilizers and reduction of input cost by optimizing the present pattern of excessive fertilizer application, the Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI) provides location-specific fertilizer recommendation through both the manual and soil test based interpretation of plant nutrients: soil database in Upzazila Nirdeshika and static laboratory soil analysis. Recently, SRDI developed web-based software named Online Fertilizer Recommendation System (OFRS). The system is capable of generating location-specific fertilizer recommendations for selected crops by analyzing the national soil database developed by this governmental institute. The software requires farmer field location, respective soil and land type, and crop type and variety information to generate crop-specific instant fertilizer recommendation. It was observed that by using fertilizer according to the recommended dose calculated on the basis of soil test values, farmers could harvest approx. 7-22% higher yield of different crops over usual farmers practice. If this system can be popularized and disseminated by effective agricultural extension, this would immensely contribute to the promotion of precision agriculture, input cost reduction and it would certainly enable us to optimize fertilizer application by the smallholder farmers in Bangladesh.

Designed Manipulation of the Brassinosteroid Signal to Enhance Crop Yield.

Brassinosteroid (BR), a plant steroid hormone, plays crucial role in modulating plant growth and development, which affect crop architecture and yield. However, BR application cannot highly benefit to agricultural production as expectation, because it regulates multiple processes in different tissues and leads to side effect. In addition, accurately modifying BR signal at transcriptional level is difficult. Effective manipulation of the BR signal and avoidance of side effects are required to enhance yield in different crops. Application of BR by spraying at specific developmental stages can enhance crop yield, but this method is impractical for use on a large scale. The accurate molecular design of crops would be much more helpful to manipulate the BR signal in specific organs and/or at particular developmental stages to enhance crop yield. This minireview summarizes the BR regulation of yield in different crops, especially horticultural crops, and the strategies used to regulate the BR signal to enhance crop yield. One popular strategy is to directly modulate the BR signal through modifying the functions of important components in the BR signal transduction pathway. Another strategy is to identify and modulate regulators downstream of, or in crosstalk with, the BR signal to manipulate its role in specific processes and increase crop yield. Efforts to accurately design a BR manipulation strategy will ultimately lead to effective control of the BR signal to avoid side effects and enhance crop yield.

Monitoring of agricultural land productivity using unmanned aerial vehicles and artificial neural networks

The results of the analytical review of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and artificial neural networks in agricultural production are presented. They can be used as aerial robots that perform the function of aerial photography, transportation of technological components, such as plant protection products and perform other similar functions. On the aircraft, some other functional equipment can be installed: thermal imagers, multispectral and IR cameras, etc. With the help of the data obtained from the UAV, it is possible to create an orthophotoplan or 3D model of the terrain, create a map of heights, determine the state of the field, crops and determine their vegetation indices NDVI. The multi-level classification of areas of application of UAVs in agricultural production is proposed. Classification involves the ordering of areas of application of UAV in agriculture depending on the composition in use. A conceptual model of a software package designed to obtain and process remote sensing data using UAVs in different parts of the spectrum has been developed. The software package is designed to obtain and process the results of monitoring and subsequent analysis of the totality of the calculated vegetation indices. The main research tasks solved by the developed software, which determine its structure, are formulated. To predict the yield of different crops, a method of applying the results of aerial photography in conjunction with experimental data on the biological development of crops has been developed. For the practical use of the developed methodology, a database for each culture is formed. The obtained results are used to construct regression and matrix mathematical models of the relationship of optical-spectral characteristics with the productivity of crops.

Design of a surface response model to determine the optimal value for wood volume in Acacia mangium Willd, by applying different doses of biochar to the soil

The low fertility of soils of the eastern plains of Colombia makes it necessary to search for methods of improving different soil properties. Fertile soils increase yields of different crops in the region, and particularly agroforestry agroecosystems will increase wood volume. Including stabilized waste residues such as biochar will probably increase fertility. The objective of this research was to estimate the optimal volume of Acacia mangiumwood that can be obtained, when using two fertilizers applied to the soil at two levels, fitting a central composite design with star points. In the model, two levels of treatment were applied: 40 and 80 ton · ha-1of biochar and 50 and 100 g per plant ofsynthetic fertilizer 15-15-15. The optimum wood volume was found at 8566.9 cm3when the biochar was combined with 63.1 ton·ha-1and 15-15-15 at a dose of 84.4 g per plant.

The results of an NPK-fertilisation trial of long-term crop rotation on carbonate-rich soil in Estonia

ABSTRACT Soil is an element of crop cultivation that demands consistent fertilisation to compensate for the nutrients that are removed by the harvest. Changes in soil because of prolonged fertilisation can only be estimated by long-term field trials. Experiments in long-term field trial site Kuusiku (since 1965) include crop rotation of potato, late harvest barley, early harvest barley undersown with forage grasses (red clover + timothy), 1-year forage grasses, 2-year forage grasses, and winter rye. Various combinations of mineral and organic fertilisers were used to investigate the yield, soil humus, phosphorus, and potassium content (available and total) of the top- and subsoil. Fertilisation improved the yield of different crops by 1.3–2.6 times; meteorological conditions caused the yield to vary up to 6.4 times. The concentration of humus decreased 0.2% when not using inorganic and organic fertilisers; use of fertilisers increased the concentration of humus by 0.2–0.6%. The humus-rich subsoil (3.5% humus) contained less available phosphorus than humus-poor subsoil (humus 3.0%), which had 29 and 63 mg PDL kg−1, respectively. Grasses in crop rotation enriched the soil with organic matter and reduced the excess of nutrients remaining from previous fertilisation, thereby decreasing nutrient leakage and eutrophication of bodies of water.

Climate change has likely already affected global food production.

Crop yields are projected to decrease under future climate conditions, and recent research suggests that yields have already been impacted. However, current impacts on a diversity of crops subnationally and implications for food security remains unclear. Here, we constructed linear regression relationships using weather and reported crop data to assess the potential impact of observed climate change on the yields of the top ten global crops–barley, cassava, maize, oil palm, rapeseed, rice, sorghum, soybean, sugarcane and wheat at ~20,000 political units. We find that the impact of global climate change on yields of different crops from climate trends ranged from -13.4% (oil palm) to 3.5% (soybean). Our results show that impacts are mostly negative in Europe, Southern Africa and Australia but generally positive in Latin America. Impacts in Asia and Northern and Central America are mixed. This has likely led to ~1% average reduction (-3.5 X 1013 kcal/year) in consumable food calories in these ten crops. In nearly half of food insecure countries, estimated caloric availability decreased. Our results suggest that climate change has already affected global food production.

A unique strategy to improve the floral traits and seed yield of Brassica oleracea cytoplasmic male sterile lines through honey bee-mediated selection

Improvement in flower structure and seed yield is one of the main objectives when developing cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CMS) in vegetable Brassicas for their successful use in the development of F1 hybrids. However, it is found that the introgression of alien cytoplasm alters the reproductive structure of Brassica oleracea genotypes and the altered floral structure in these lines can be improved only marginally even after several generations of manual selection. We have tested an alternative selection strategy using honey bee (Apis cerena indica) as the selection agent in five selection cycles in three CMS lines of cauliflower (Ogu1A, Ogu2A and Ogu3A). Selected plants with the highest seed yield, determined through honey bee selection, were bulked to raise the plants for next generation. The reproductive structures of the CMS plants improved significantly after five cycles of honey bee-mediated selection. Seed yield/plant, nectar quantity, size of nectary and flower size improved significantly in all three CMS lines at the end of the selection cycles. Quantity of nectar increased from 0.45 to 1.45 µl and from 0.37 to 1.49 µl per flower in CMS lines Ogu1A and Ogu3A, respectively, after five cycles of selection; similarly, quantity of seeds per plant improved from 13.48 to 20.71 g and from 12.77 to 17.57 g in the same CMS lines, respectively. The extent of improvement in nectar quantity and seed yield was comparatively lower in CMS line Ogu2A. The occurrence of different floral deformities was also reduced in all three CMS lines after five cycles of honey bee-mediated selection. CMS lines Ogu1A and Ogu3A responded better to honey bee-mediated selection than did CMS line Ogu2A. This novel strategy of honey bee-mediated selection can be used to develop CMS lines with higher seed yield in different crops where cytoplasmic male sterility is commercially used in hybrid seed production.

Alternative Sources of Soil Organic Amendments for Sustaining Soil Health and Crop Productivity in India – Impacts, Potential Availability, Constraints and Future Strategies

Among the several causes, critical low soil organic matter status is predominant for decline in soil health and consequent fall in crop productivity. Over the years, availability of traditional source of soil organic amendment, viz. cattle manure drastically declined due to various reasons (domestic uses as fuel and plastering of the kachha houses). The present study highlights that there are many alternative sources of soil organic amendments available in the country which have tremendous potential to improve soil organic matter status and crop productivity, and rejuvenate and enhance the dying total factor productivity of Indian soils. Data from various sources reveal that about 300 million tonnes of alternative sources of soil organic amendments are available in the country. This study highlights that the application of alternative sources of organic amendments directly or indirectly improves soil health by influencing many soil properties (physical and chemical) and enzyme activities (biological) that regulate nutrient dynamics in the soil. Consequent upon improvement in soil environment, the application of alternative sources of soil organic amendments alone or along with recommended dose of fertilizers registered significantly higher yield in different crops across different agro-climatic conditions of the country. Composting and vermicomposting are the best strategies to convert the biomass of available alternative sources of organic amendments to plant nutrient-rich products.

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СИСТЕМ МАЛОИНТЕНСИВНОГО ОРОШЕНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ГОРНОГО ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЯ В АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНЕ

The article examines the issues on the introduction low-intensity irrigation systems. It is justified in terms of their efficiency under conditions of mountain farming in Azerbaijan. The author reveals that the advantage of the low intensive irrigation technology is in fact that even the minimum amount of moisture in the entire irrigated area creates a microclimate for more intensive development of crops, therefore, significantly increases the yields of different crops, improves water distribution, ensures its homogenous distribution, etc.