Yield Growth Rate Research Articles

Technical Efficiency of Wheat Production in Major Wheat Producing States of India: A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

This study was conducted to estimate the technical efficiency of wheat production in major wheat-producing states of India using secondary data for the period 2000-01 to 2016-17. The area of study comprised those states which covered more than 80 per cent of wheat production in India, i.e., Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, and Haryana. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to estimate the state-specific technical efficiency in wheat production. The results showed that the technical efficiency in wheat production increased over time The correlation coefficient between mean technical efficiency and growth rate of yield was strongly positive and highly significant, revealing that the higher technical efficiency was directly reflected in higher yield from wheat cultivation.

Forecasting the level of crop yields in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

Scientific article defines the most important indicators of the economic efficiency of crop production and agricultural production, including productivity. The structure of production of the main types of crop production in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic by categories of farms as a percentage of the total production has been studied. It has been established that the main types of crop production are grain, sunflower seeds, potatoes, and vegetables. The volume of production of the main types of crop production in farms of all categories of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in 2020 increased compared to the previous year. Productivity is the most important indicator reflecting the level of intensification of agricultural production. The quality of the planned economic level largely depends on the correct planning and forecasting of the level of crop yields. An analysis of yields in farms of all categories of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in 2020 made it possible to establish that sunflower has the highest yield growth rate, and vegetable production has significantly decreased. The production of potatoes and vegetables in households in 2020 increased in relation to the volume of agricultural production. The production of grain and vegetables in peasant (farmer) households and individual entrepreneurs in 2020 decreased in relation to the volume of agricultural production. In farms of all categories of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, an additional increase in productivity is predicted due to the introduction of innovative technologies in crop production.

A Study on Dynamics of Major Cereal Crop Production in Nepal

Paddy, maize and wheat occupy the maximum share in terms of area and production of Nepalese agriculture and plays major role in food and nutrition security in Nepal. Although government has been investing in cereal production since 1960s and there is a slow and steady growth in area, production and yield. In this scenario, there is dearth of research studies which provides overview of the growth and instability of the cereal crops, and it is also necessary to identify the causes of the growth in production. This paper tries to address the fore mentioned issue by measuring the growth rate and instability in area, production and yield of paddy, wheat and maize in Nepal for 30 years ranging from 1990/91 to 2019/20. Similarly, it also attempts to identify the cause of growth crops by using decomposition method. It is found that there was significant growth in area of paddy only in period I; and in production and yield in period II and overall time period. In wheat and maize, it is found that there is statistically significant increase in the area, production and yield in all the sub periods and over all time periods, except for area in wheat in period III. Similarly, it is found that in all the crops studied, greater extent of instability was observed in production, followed by the yield. And, in all the crops, area effect is higher than yield and interaction effect in all the time periods and whole study time frame. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 9, Issue-1: 13-18.

Growth, Instability and Decomposition Analysis of Nutri Cereals in Tamil Nadu

Aim: The study was undertaken to know the growth rate, instability, and contribution of area and yield on the production of Nutri cereals.
 Place and Duration: The study was based on the secondary data for the period of 20 years (2001- 2020) for Tamil Nadu. Data has been collected from Agricultural statistics at a glance (2020), Season and Crop report (2020).
 Methodology: The growth rate of Nutri cereals can be estimated through compound annual growth rate, instability is measured using Coppock’s instability index and contribution of area and yield on production is studied using decomposition analysis.
 Results: Results revealed that Nutri cereals growth rate is found to be negative in first decade and positive in second decade Production of Nutri cereals in both the decades found positive in decline trend. The trend of productivity seems positive for both the decades at declining rate. Instability index is higher in terms of production than area and productivity. Area effect was most responsible for the production of Nutri cereals than yield and interaction effect.
 Conclusion: The area effect is more responsible for production of Nutri cereals. Area effect on production of Nutri cereals is high, hence government should intervene in this regard to improve the area of Nutri cereals cultivation.

Growth Rate Estimation of Rabi Pulse Production of Odisha by Using Spline Regression Technique

Pulses are considered to be important crop for ensuring nutritional security in Odisha. Proper estimation of growth rate in production of pulse crops allows for more effective cropping system planning and formulation of the agricultural policy of the state. To capture any abrupt changes and the variation in data in different phases of a long time period, spline regression technique is used as it can fit different models in different segments of the time period as necessary without losing the continuity of the model. The present study deals with the estimation of growth rate of area, yield and production of all rabi pulses in Odisha by using best fit spline regression model. To fit the spline regression model, the entire period of study is divided into different segments based on the scatter plot diagram which is further confirmed by testing the significance of change in coefficient of variation between the consecutive segments by chi square test. The regression model found to be suitable from the study of scatter plot of data are linear, compound, logarithmic, power, quadratic and cubic model. The best fit model is selected on the basis of error assumption test and model fit statistics such as R2, adjusted R2 and Mean Absolute Percentage error (MAPE). The respective selected best fit model is used for the estimation of growth rates of area, yield and production of rabi pulses in Odisha for each segment and the whole period of study. Among the spline regression models, the respective linear spline regression model is found to be best fit for area, yield and production of rabi pulses and are used for growth rate estimation of these variables. It is found that though the growth rate in area and yield of rabi pulses are not significant, the growth rate of production is found to be significant for the whole period of study which shows that the interaction effect of area and yield on production seems to dominate.

Analytical Study of Kharif Food Grain Production in Odisha

The state of Odisha having an agrarian based economy depends largely on agriculture for the livelihood of its population. Food grains are important commodity of crop groups that provide high quality carbohydrates, protein and vitamins. A study on the compound growth rate of area, yield and production of food grains for kharif season in the districts of Odisha and the state as a whole has been attempted in the present study which would be helpful in visualizing the progress of the state with respect to food grain cultivation and proper framing of agricultural policies of the state. The study is based secondary data for the period of 1993-94 to 2017-18 to estimate the compound growth rate and Cuddy-Della Instability Index of area, yield and production of kharif food grains for the districts and the state as a whole. The districts are ranked on the basis of compound growth rate and Cuddy-Della Instability Index in decreasing order and increasing order of their magnitudes respectively. The rank correlation between Compound Growth Rate and Cuddy-Della Instability Index of area, yield and production of food grains during kharif seasons are studied. It is found that despite negative growth rate in area, the positive compound growth rate of yield leads to positive compound growth rate in production of kharif food grains of Odisha. Also it is found that despite stability of area, the instability of yield leads to instability in production of kharif food grains in the state of Odisha.

Impact of Technological Change on Growth and Agricultural Sector in Gujarat State of India: A Time-Series Data Study

This study assessed the growth rate of commercial and food-grain crops due to technological change in Gujarat. Growth rate model was employed to examine the growth rate of area sown, production and yield of crops. Subsequently, impact of technological change, and other inputs on yield of individual crop was estimated using a Cobb-Douglas production function model. Time trend factor was used as a proxy variable to capture the impact of technological change, and other inputs (i.e., area sown, irrigated area, application of fertilizer, agricultural labors, rural literate population and annual actual rainfall) on yield of crops. Growth rate of cropped area, production and yield of cotton, sugarcane, castor, potato, rice, arhar, maize, gram and wheat crops were seemed positive in Gujarat. Yield of cotton, sugarcane, castor, rice, arhar, maize, bajra, gram, wheat, jowar ragi, potato, groundnut, sesamum, rapeseed&mustard and soyabeans crops was positively associated with time trend factors. Furthermore, the regression coefficient of time trend factor with yield of cotton, tobacco, potato, groundnut, sesamum, rapeseed & mustard, rice, arhar, maize, bajra, gram, wheat, jowar and ragi was reported positive and statistically significant. Hence, the estimates shows that yield of aforesaid crops were improved due to application of technological change in agricultural sector in Gujarat. Several practical policy suggestions are given to increase the use of technology in agricultural sector to improve the growth of major food-grain and commercial crops.

Yield Prediction of Household Garbage Based on SARIMA and Exponential Smoothing Model

Refuse classification is a waste treatment method, which creates reuse opportunities and enhances recyclable value for domestic waste. Prolonging the use cycle of renewable resources is one of the cores of China's sustainable development strategy. Analyzing the total amount of household waste can obtain the characteristics of regional garbage growth so that governments can promote the garbage classification process intelligently. This article chose the household garbage monthly yield data as the time series and extracted its seasonal information. We used RStudio software to develop the multiplicative seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model with 2 Holt-Winters exponential smoothing models (additive and multiplicative) for comparison. Seasonal factor charts explain that the seasonal effect cycle of series is 1 year, and its period of increase or decrease is 6 months. SARIMA(0,1,1)(1,1,0)12 is the optimal model for data, which is better than Holt-Winters models. The prediction accuracy of SARIMA model is 94.31%. For the next year, the SARIMA model predictions show that the growth rate of the household garbage yield is 2.65%, which is in line with the actual situation. The results of this study are valuable for the planning of waste classification policy in recent years.

Spatial Growth and Instability Analysis of Area, Production and Yield of Sugarcane in India

In the present study, spatial compound growth rates were estimated to know the growth pattern and instability in the area, production, and productivity of sugarcane in major sugarcane growing states of India. A secondary time series data of major sugarcane producing states of India like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Gujarat, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, and Odisha for the period thirty years from 1990-91 to 2019-20 have been utilized for the present study. The compound growth rates were computed with the help of exponential function, and instability/variability has been computed by using techniques of co-efficient of variation and Cuddy Della-Valle Index method. Student’s t-test was applied to check the significant differences in area, production, and productivity trends using compound growth rates (CGR). CGR of sugarcane production was 1.13 per centpercent in India during the study period with a significant growth rate in area (1.12%) and yield (0.39%). The statistically significant instability in sugarcane production was high at 9.67 percent than area (7.20%) and yield (5.26%) in the study period. The state-wise compound growth rate of sugarcane production was positively significant in Madhya Pradesh (5.31%), Bihar (3.65%), Maharashtra (3.39%), Karnataka (1.42%), and Uttar Pradesh (1.36%). The highest negative growth rate was observed in Odisha (-5.45%) and Andhra Pradesh (-1.63%). The instability of sugarcane production was highest at 44.06 percent than area (36.66%) in Odisha and yield (14.80%) in Madhya Pradesh.

Resource use and economic potential of pigeonpea cultivation in Haryana

Pigeonpea is one of the protein-rich legumes of the semi-arid tropics grown throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world.India is the largest producer of pigeonpea sharing for 66 percent of total production and the other major pigeonpea producing countries are Myanmar, Malawi, Kenya and Tanzania. The crop is cultivated on marginal land by resourcepoor farmers, who commonly grow traditional medium and long-duration landraces. Conventionally, the use of inputs such as chemical fertilizers, irrigation and pesticides is minimal as cultivated in rainfed areas. Greater attention is being given to raise productivity to meet growing demand in India. The data pertains to various aspects of pigeonpea cultivation was collected from 60 cultivators of Haryana during 2019-20. Simple budgeting technique was employed to draw practical implications and Cobb- Douglas production function was used for measure the extent of resourceuse in pigeonpea cultivation for taking policy decisions to encourage its cultivation in Haryana. The positive growth rate of area, production and yield of pigeonpea was estimated in India during last two decades (1998-2018). But negative growth of area and production of pigeonpea was observed in Haryana in same period owing large replacement of area towards cotton, sugarcane and pushing cultivation on marginal land.The gross and net returns of pigeonpea cultivation in Haryana worked out were Rs. 54487 ha-1 and Rs. 7073 ha-1. The MVP of human labour, machine hour, seed, chemical fertilizers, plant protection chemicals and irrigation was greater than unity revealing the lower utilization of these resources.

Production and Acreage Growth and Seasonality in Rice in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is facing noticeable risks to self-reliance in rice production, considering the population and its future demand, land scarcity, intensity of natural disaster, soil degradation, global warming. In Bangladesh, rice is cultivated in three seasons which are known as Aus, Aman, and Boro. Considering the year from 1971 to 2015, the area of cultivation growth rate of Aus, Aman, and Boro were -3.4 percent, -0.01 percent, and 4.29 percent, respectively. The yearly yield growth rate of Aus, Aman and Boro were 2.13 percent, 2.48 percent, and 1.8 percent, respectively and production growth rate of Aus, Aman, and Boro were -1.3 percent, 2.45 percent, and 6.9 percent, respectively. During the period, overall rice cultivation area increased at the rate of 1.23 percent, the yield capacity increased at 3.42 percent. The total production increased at the rate of 4.19 percent. The yearly cultivated area growth of rice was 0.31 percent, yield growth was 2.9 percent, and production growth was 3.27 percent. The study found that Boro season rice contributed 2.29 times higher production compared to Aus, and 2.24 times to Aman.

Effect of different frequencies of the addition of Brachionus plicatilis on the performance of Litopenaeus vannamei in a nursery biofloc system with rice bran (anaerobic and aerobic) as an organic carbon source

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different frequencies of the addition of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis on growth, water quality, plankton composition, Vibrio, Bacillus and fungi (filamentous and yeast) in a nursery biofloc system with rice bran (anaerobic and aerobic) as an organic carbon source for Litopenaeus vannamei. Four treatments were used: BFT (biofloc without addition B. plicatilis); BFT-1F (addition of 30 org mL−1 of B. plicatilis on the 1st day); BFT-2F (addition of 30 org mL−1 of B. plicatilis on the 1st and 10th days) and BFT-4F (addition of 30 org mL−1 of B. plicatilis on the 1st, 10th, 20th and 30th days). The shrimp (PL10 3.0 ± 0.02 mg) were stocked at a density of 3000 m−3 and fed a commercial feed (45% crude protein and 9.5% lipids). The biofloc system was fertilized every three days for 42 days with anaerobic and aerobic rice bran processes using a microbial mix (0.1 g m−3) with 6.5 × 107 CFUs g−1 of Bacillus subtilis, 2.1 × 107 CFUs g−1 of B. licheniformis and 3.7 × 107 CFUs g−1 of Bacillus strains. The BFT-4F treatment led to higher (p < 0.05) final weight (0.73 g), yield (1.88 kg m−3) and specific growth rate (14.31% day−1). No significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) in water quality parameters were found among the four treatments. The main plankton groups were Chlorophyta and Protozoa. Microbiological analysis revealed an increase in the amounts of Bacillus sp. and percentage of yeast as well as a decrease in the percentage of non-sucrose-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria and filamentous fungi at the end of the experiment compared to the initial culture in both the water and shrimp samples for all treatments. The addition of rotifers four times to nursery biofloc system led to better performance variables, indicating the benefit of these organisms as a natural food source for L.vannamei postlarvae.

Lentil yield and crop growth rate are coupled under stress but uncoupled under favourable conditions

Growth and yield can be decoupled in lentil whereby excessive vegetative growth leads to self-shading, reduced pod and seed set, low harvest index and higher risk of disease and lodging. We evaluated the degree of coupling between growth and yield in 20 lentil lines grown in eight environments varying in water and photothermal conditions returning a 10-fold yield range, from 21 to 221 g m−2. Calibration curves between shoot biomass and canopy cover measured with NDVI and green canopy cover measured with Canopeo app were improved with canopy height as a multiplication factor returning a 3-D trait. Calibration curves were used to phenotype shoot biomass and calculate crop growth rate.For the pooled data, yield correlated non-linearly with crop growth rate, with an x-intercept of 0.09 g m−2 [oCd]-1, suggesting a minimum plant size for reproduction, and an inflection point at 0.43 g m−2 [oCd]-1. Yield correlated with biomass and crop growth rate in the more stressful conditions (yield ≤ 107 g m−2) and was decoupled in higher yielding conditions (yield ≥ 170 g m−2). Yield associated with harvest index at all yield levels, but more strongly in high-yielding conditions. Biomass and harvest index correlated in environments with yield ≤ 107 g m−2, and decoupled under more favourable conditions (yield ≥ 170 g m−2). Yield associated with phenology under stress but not in favourable conditions. For the combination of lines and environments in this study, broad sense heritability was 0.96 for flowering time, 0.93 for harvest index, 0.89 for yield, 0.87 for crop growth rate and 0.39 for biomass. Selection for harvest index would improve yield across environments whereas selection for growth rate could further improve yield under stress. Agronomic practices to improve the coupling of yield and growth under favourable conditions need to be explored; for example, using precision seeding to reduce rectangularity of crop arrangement and favour penetration of radiation into the canopy and pod set.

Combined application of low-accumulation crops and amendments on remediation of Cd -contaminated soils

A total of 51 studies were screened and obtained from databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science (Thomson Reuters, NY, USA), which focused on effects of the combination of low Cd accumulating crops and amendment on Cd-contaminated soils. Both the available Cd content in soil and the Cd target rate of crop edible parts were investigated from three aspects, namely, the types of soil Cd contamination risk, soil remediation method, and types of amendment. All of the statistical analysis and figures were conducted and prepared using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 and Origin 2018 software, to obtain the changes of four indicators including the drop of available Cd content in soil, the drop of Cd content of crop edible parts, growth rate of crop yield and target rate of crop edible parts. Results showed that, the Cd content of agricultural products from low-Cd risk soil can meet the standard of ‘GB 2762-2017 national standards for food safety, limits of contaminants in food’ by planting low Cd accumulating crops alone. For medium-Cd risk soil, the remediation effect (96%) of combined treatment with low-accumulation crops and amendments was obviously better than that of low-accumulation crops alone (18%), and the organic-inorganic compound amendments showed the best comprehensive remediation effectiveness. The Cd target rate of crop edible part from high risk soil can be improved by combination of low accumulating crops and amendment (∼17%), however, the land use risk is too high that its use needs to be strictly controlled. This study can provide theoretical basis for the safe utilization and engineering remediation of Cd contaminated soil.

Interaction of Large- and Small-scale Dynamos in Isotropic Turbulent Flows from GPU-accelerated Simulations

Abstract Magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) dynamos emerge in many different astrophysical situations where turbulence is present, but the interaction between large-scale dynamos (LSDs) and small-scale dynamos (SSDs) is not fully understood. We performed a systematic study of turbulent dynamos driven by isotropic forcing in isothermal MHD with magnetic Prandtl number of unity, focusing on the exponential growth stage. Both helical and nonhelical forcing was employed to separate the effects of LSD and SSD in a periodic domain. Reynolds numbers ( ) up to ≈250 were examined and multiple resolutions used for convergence checks. We ran our simulations with the Astaroth code, designed to accelerate 3D stencil computations on graphics processing units (GPUs) and to employ multiple GPUs with peer-to-peer communication. We observed a speedup of ≈35 in single-node performance compared to the widely used multi-CPU MHD solver Pencil Code. We estimated the growth rates from both the averaged magnetic fields and their power spectra. At low LSD growth dominates, but at high SSD appears to dominate in both helically and nonhelically forced cases. Pure SSD growth rates follow a logarithmic scaling as a function of . Probability density functions of the magnetic field from the growth stage exhibit SSD behavior in helically forced cases even at intermediate . We estimated mean field turbulence transport coefficients using closures like the second-order correlation approximation (SOCA). They yield growth rates similar to the directly measured ones and provide evidence of α quenching. Our results are consistent with the SSD inhibiting the growth of the LSD at moderate , while the dynamo growth is enhanced at higher .

Moving toward rice self-sufficiency in sub-Saharan Africa by 2030: Lessons learned from 10 years of the Coalition for African Rice Development

The Coalition for African Rice Development (CARD) was initiated as a policy framework with the aim of doubling rice production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) over the period from 2008 to 2018. This paper assesses the contribution of the CARD policy to rice production and forecasts the local rice supply and demand to provide a better understanding of the policies needed to attain rice self-sufficiency by 2030. A combination of the autoregressive integrated moving average method and counterfactual approach was adopted using rice statistical data from 23 countries in SSA. The results showed that the contribution of CARD to paddy rice production in 2018 was 10.2 million tons, equivalent to 74% of the target. This contribution resulted from increases in area and yield of 23% and 19%, respectively. However, the yield growth rate was not sustainable in almost two-thirds of countries. Investments in supply-push factors such as fertilizer and irrigation development, which were the focus in the past, have limited effects on rice production. We conclude that sustainable investments in demand-pull factors such as the private-led modern milling sector and contract farming development should be prioritized to achieve rice self-sufficiency in SSA.

Comparative study of fungal stability between Metarhizium strains after successive subculture

BackgroundMetarhizium species are considered one of the most outstanding powerful biological control agents that have been commercialized as biopesticides against various agricultural pests. Fungal stability with successive in vitro cultivation is a desirable trait for a large-scale production of fungal biopesticide.Main bodyThe new Egyptian strain Metarhizium anisopliae AUMC 3262 exhibited auspicious results when compared to Metarhizium brunneum ARSEF 4556 and M. brunneum V275 based on the variations of fungal characteristics, and essential quality control parameters (radial growth rate, conidial yield, viability, and virulence) after repeated in vitro subculturing. Changes in morphological characteristics were noted at both AUMC 3262 and ARSEF 4556. Following the 5th subculture, decreased conidial yield was noted, though radial growth remained stable, confirming that there is a non-positive correlation between conidial yield and radial growth rate for these species. In contrast, V275 showed a high morphological stability, conidial yield, and radial growth rate after repeated subculture. The three tested strains manifested high viability up to 100% and displayed the same pattern of Pr1 production. A slight variation was recorded in the median lethal time (LT50) values against the great wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.), larvae between different subcultures of the tested Metarhizium strains.ConclusionThe new Egyptian strain AUMC 3262 showed a high stability with a slight difference in some parameters after the successive subculture compared to both ARSEF4556 and V275.

The trends and growth rate of area, production and yield of total food grain production and comparison between production and population: Indian context

The trends and growth rate of area, production and yield of total food grain production and comparison between production and population: Indian context

Structural Transformation of Punjab Agriculture and its Environmental Implications

As per Economic Survey of Punjab, (2019-20), Punjab alone contributed more than 1/4 and 1/3 of the central pool of rice and th rd wheat respectively in 2018-19 and accordingly named as bread-basket of India. However, such a huge contribution was due to the structural transformation of agriculture in Punjab under the Green Revolution. Such transformation leads to intensive use of natural resources with mono-culture of wheat-paddy till today, which put a big question mark on the sustainability issue of agriculture in Punjab. The present study was exclusively based on secondary data, covering the period of 1965-66 to 2018-2019, almost 55 years. Hirschman Herfindhal index and Simpson Diversity index were used to determine the extent of concentration and diversification in the cropping pattern of Punjab agriculture. The results highlight the facts that level of diversification was declining and the level of concentration was increasing. Moreover, Compound Growth Rate (CGR) of yield was either stagnating or declining over the years. Not only this, based on the index of agriculture production, the trend values were negative since the 21 century. Accordingly, st intensive agricultural practices should be stopped, and diversification should get priority in such a way that food security is not jeopardized.

241 Metoclopramide induces low-level hyperprolactinemia to increase milk production in sows

Abstract Inadequate milk production by sows often limits the growth rate of piglets. A successful lactation requires prolactin (PRL)-induced differentiation of the alveolar epithelium within the mammary glands of sows between gestation days 90–110 (G90-110). We hypothesized that late gestational hyperprolactinemia in primiparous sows induced by feeding the dopamine antagonist metoclopramide (MET) would enhance mammary epithelial differentiation, milk yield, and piglet growth rate, and that these effects would carry over into a subsequent lactation. Twenty-six gilts were randomly assigned to receive either MET (n = 13, 0.8mg/kg) or vehicle (CON, n = 13) twice daily from G90-110. On G90, circulating PRL levels peaked 45 min after MET dosing (P &amp;lt; 0.001) then returned to baseline 3 h later. This response occurred daily out to G104 (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Treated gilts had increased alveolar lumen diameter on G110 (P &amp;lt; 0.05), though feed intake, body weight, and carcass fat percent were not different during pregnancy or lactation. Piglets born to treated sows had increased body weight and average daily gain on lactation days 14 and 21 (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Piglet milk intake was estimated from deuterium oxide dilution. While milk intake by piglets nursing MET sows was not statistically different from those nursing CON sows on day 21 of lactation (P = 0.18), there was a greater increase in milk consumption by piglets born to MET-treated sows between days 9 and 21 of lactation than for those in CON litters (P &amp;lt; 0.001). In one group of second parity sows, milk yield was increased during their second lactation with no additional treatment (P &amp;lt; 0.05) and their carcass fat dropped by 14% (P &amp;lt; 0.05). These findings demonstrate that MET-induced hyperprolactinemia in pigs during late pregnancy can increase milk yield and piglet growth rate, and this response can be sustained into a second lactation in some sows.