World Face Research Articles

Nova virtuelna stvarnost - percepcije i iskustvo nastavnika i studenata u vezi sa onlajn-nastavom i učenjem engleskog jezika

An invisible, yet cruel virus has made the entire world face a new reality. Regardless of the degree to which online communication had already been used in educational settings before the Covid-19 pandemic, almost no one working in education had a feeling of being ready to work in the new circumstances. The process of migration to emergency remote language teaching and learning was stressful for all stakeholders in education - management, lecturers, students and their parents. Relying on the reflective and descriptive methods, the paper investigates the advantages and disadvantages of digital tools and platforms for remote collaborative learning, primarily ZOOM, Microsoft Teams, Jitsi Meet, and online learning management systems, recognised by the students and teachers within the mandatory and elective General English, ESP and EMI courses at the Teacher Education Faculty, University of Belgrade and Belgrade Metropolitan University. We conducted qualitative research by using structured and unstructured interviews and monitoring students' collaborative work. In the conclusion, the paper emphasises the aspects of educational technologies which have proved to be beneficial for everyone included in the process, without limiting the creativity, development of thinking skills and investigative spirit of students and lecturers while learning and teaching English.

Ways to limit the levels of short circuit currents in electrical grids

Today, Ukraine and the world face important issues related to solving the problems of the energy sector, including electricity. In networks of different voltages of power systems the level of short-circuit currents is constantly growing, while the requirements for electrical devices, live parts, power transformers and switchgear designs are becoming more stringent. There is a problem of optimal coordination in the dynamics of electrical equipment parameters and power system requirements or coordination of electrical equipment parameters with existing short-circuits current levels. The growth of short-circuit currents in electrical networks of all voltage classes makes it important to develop new effective methods and devices designed to reduce them. The article considers the issues of comparing the current of single-phase and three-phase short-circuit, average regional power system, the integrated parameters of electrical networks of such a system. Limitations of currents of single-phase short-circuits are analyzed in detail in problem nodes where autotransformers are installed. The conducted researches allowed to recommend the improved methods of calculations of electric devices and current-carrying parts on electrodynamic and thermal stability at short-circuit, including at single-phase. Recommendations for creating a mathematical model for calculating a nonlinear system in the presence of flexible conductors are given, because most of the damage (in the form of short-circuit) on high-voltage overhead power lines and switchgear is accompanied by an electric arc with parameters that change over time. In addition, significant short-circuit currents cause mechanical displacements of flexible wires in space, which leads to changes in the phase distances and inductive resistances of overhead lines of forward and reverse sequences. All these listed factors have a mutual influence during s.c. In addition, when operating electrical installations, an important factor is the switching life of switches, which affects the reliability of the installation and its technical and economic performance. The criterion for decommissioning the circuit breaker may be the residual life of the circuit breaker at the level of one tripping of the full tripping current of the circuit breaker. The analysis showed that it is necessary to take into account when calculating the short-circuit currents additional thermal action of various energy sources and the power system as a whole, synchronous generators and compensators, synchronous and asynchronous motors.

Automated communication system for detection of lung cancer using catastrophe features

One of the biggest challenges the world face today is the mortality due to Cancer. One in four of all diagnosed cancers involve the lung cancer, where the mortality rate is high, even after so much of technical and medical advances. Most lung cancer cases are diagnosed either in the third or fourth stage, when the disease is not treatable. The main reason for the highest mortality, due to lung cancer is because of non availability of prescreening system which can analyze the cancer cells at early stages. So it is necessary to develop a prescreening system which helps doctors to find and detect lung cancer at early stages. Out of all various types of lung cancers, adenocarcinoma is increasing at an alarming rate. The reason is mainly attributed to the increased rate of smoking - both active and passive. In the present work, a system for the classification of lung glandular cells for early detection of Cancer using multiple color spaces is developed. For segmentation, various clustering techniques like K-Means clustering and Fuzzy C-Means clustering on various Color spaces such as HSV, CIELAB, CIEXYy and CIELUV are used. Features are Extracted and classified using Support Vector Machine (SVM).

Towards recycling: Understanding the modern approach to recover waste aluminium dross

With a growing concern of the modern recycling engineers, the industrial wastes pose a challenge that the world faces. Aluminium dross is one of the many industrial wastes that are generated in aluminium smelter plants all around the world. Utilizing these industrial wastes for the generation of valuable products is one of the major areas of current research. The primary target of the recyclers has been to recover the metallic content of aluminium dross. The modern Salt-Free Technologies (SFT) has been able to achieve this target. The cost of operation, however, is greater than the conventional rotary salt furnaces (RSF).The hydrometallurgical routes involve the leaching of the dross. This process leads to the extraction of metallic aluminium into the liquor and this liquor is utilized to synthesize various valuable products like alums and sulfates, etc. With the leaching, the liberation of various gases (H2, CH4 and NH3) takes place. These gases may be captured and used in their respective applications. The residual solid obtained post-leaching is utilized for the production of alumina, which further finds its applications in the generation of composites. The dross has also been directly used as a raw material for the production of refractories, composites, cement clinkers, etc.Therefore, an industrial waste, aluminium dross is employed with good resultant products. Not only is the metallic content of the dross valued, the modern trend implies the complete utilization of the waste. With minimum waste generation and reduced environmental burden, the modern approaches of recycling achieve the recovery of aluminium dross. The present work focuses on these modern technologies and the recent research trends.

Traumatization of consciousness as a new form of political violence

This article is a review of the book by Zh.T. Toshchenko The Society of Trauma: Between Evolution and Revolution (Theoretical and Empirical Analysis) (Мoscow: Ves Mir; 2020). In recent years, a new type of political violence has developed - traumatization of consciousness, which is especially typical for the society of trauma. The book by Toshchenko examines the challenges that the world and Russia face due to the complex changes in public consciousness, which are mostly of a man-made character. Previously the research focused on the relatively individual questions such as pathological agency (P. Sztompka) or construction of the politically biased meanings that traumatized the public consciousness (J. Alexander), while Toshchenko defines the issue much broader - dysfunctional changes of the whole society - and studies its transformations through the realities of the society of trauma, the features of which can be seen in different countries that entered the path of a long, turbulent, unstable and unsustainable development. In the societies of trauma, there are no clear worldview ideas, which leads to gaps and paradoxes in the public consciousness and to the loss of life guidelines. Political pressure on the public consciousness is exerted through soft power based on demagogy about democracy, freedom and human rights. Toshchenko sees the way out of the society of trauma and the way for overcoming the ideological and political anomie in the development of civil activity and the strategic goal and means to achieve it. The book allows to identify further research topics, in particular, the study of new mechanisms for traumatizing the public consciousness, which would help to search for the transition of our society to the humanistic development trend.

Macroeconomic Policies and Social Inclusion in the Developing World

Many in the developing world face social exclusion and discrimination, preventing them from actively participating in society itself. Sound macroeconomic policies with a focus on stabilizing the price level and social outcomes can help to achieve social justice for marginalized people. This study empirically examines the impact of macroeconomic policies on social inclusion, considering specifically the coordination among them in promoting that social inclusion. It deals primarily with pure non-income dimensions of social inclusion such as education, and health, etc. Using annual panel data of 51 developing countries for the period 1995-2017 this study employs state-of-the-art panel data estimation methods – pooled estimation, fixed-effect, and random-effect models. To check for robustness and to handle the problem of endogeneity, the 2SLS technique has also been used. This study argues that a well-designed macroeconomic policy framework can do much more than just achieve economic goals. Results suggest that fiscal and monetary policy, through resource mobilization, can play a significant and positive role in promoting social inclusion. However, these fiscal and monetary policy actions are not independent; thus, a policy mix is required to achieve the target of an inclusive society.

Analysis of the Temporal Characteristics of the Elderly Traveling by Bus Using Smart Card Data

Many cities around the world face the challenge of an aging population. A full understanding of the mobility behavior characteristics of the elderly is one necessary and urgent consideration as regards the current aging trend if sustainable urban development is to be fully realized. This paper presents a systematic approach to analyzing the dynamic mobility characteristics of the elderly who travel by bus using smart card big data. The characteristics include temporal distribution, travel distance, travel duration, travel frequency, and also the spatial distribution of such travelers. The findings of these mobility characteristics can directly contribute to both public transport policy making, service, and management. In this study, the analytics of the elderly are also compared with that of the average adult group so as to identify both the similarities and differences between the two groups. Beijing, a megacity, with a very high life expectancy and in which the bus is the dominant mode of public transport for the elderly, was used as the study area. The significance of this research concerns a newly developed systematic approach that is able to analyze the dynamic mobility characteristics of the elderly using smart card data.

Transnational Academic Mobility: A Case Study of Fifteen Academics

Academics around the world face many pressures to engage in transnational mobility (TNM) as a part of their scholarly work. This includes travelling abroad for conferences and symposia, teaching abroad, supervising graduate students abroad and participating in international research partnerships/collaborations. This is a case study of 15 academics at different stages of their academic careers, located in 12 different countries and representing a wide range of academic disciplines. The findings confirm the widespread and regular international travel that higher education academics participate in; and that while largely valuing their experiences abroad, most feel pressured to engage in TNM and those pressures are exacerbated for faculty in precarious and early-career positions.

Relationship of nutritional completeness with events of stunting in children age 1- 2 years

The problem of stunting is one of the nutritional problems that the world face, especially in poor and developing countries. Stunting is a chroniac malnutrition in the period of growth and development since early life. Nutrition is an important element in the fulfilment of nutritional needs because it serves to produce energy, build and maintain tissues, and regulate life processes in the body. In addition, nutrition is related to brain development, learning ability and work productivity. Stunting or short is a condition of failure to thrive in infants (0-11 months) and toddlers (12-59 months) as a result of chronic malnutrition, especially in the first 1,000 days of life so that the child is too short for their age. The objective is to determine the relation between the completeness of nutritional stats and the incidence of stunting in children aged of 1-2 years in the working area of Community Health Center I Kembaran. This type of research was quantitative using a descriptive correlation design with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were children under 2 years who met the criteria. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling, namely 86 respondents were included. The analysis used was the chi square statistical test. Statistics in this study consisted of frequency of completeness of nutritional status with the occurrence of stunting in children aged 1-2 years. From the results of data processing, it was found that there was a relationship between the completeness of nutritional status with the incidence of stunting in children aged 1-2 years in the working area of Community Health Center I Kembaran with a p-value of 0,000 <0.005. There was a relationship between the completeness of nutritional status with the incidence of stunting in children aged 1-2 years in the working area of Community Health Center I Kembaran.

A Theological Statement on the Coronavirus Pandemic

Abstract This Statement is a response to the challenge that the church and Christian communities around the world face as a result of the spread of the coronavirus pandemic and the regulations that have been imposed in order to control the spread of infections. The paper starts off by explaining that pandemics may be a challenge and an opportunity to the faith. Special attention is paid to the coronavirus pandemic, its origins, the effect on public health systems around the world, and its impact on the socio-economic livelihoods; the role of medical health scientists and the breakdown and disruption of communities, the economic arrangements of states. It also raises questions about the possibility of a new world order that seeks a more equal, compassionate and humane world. On that basis, the paper raises some pertinent theological questions that arise for the church and for faith communities. It explores and examines theological questions that arise out of a world that is broken and suffering, beset by devastation and yet called to live the faith responsibly and truthfully. The questions that arise are pre-eminently about God and the meaning of the divine and how God manifests Good during dark times. The paper raises some of the dilemmas that traditional faith practices are confronted by the pandemic especially in areas like worship, the sacraments and understanding the value of technology in the practice of the faith. Finally, the paper explores implications for the life of the church, especially in the moral life of the Christian community and the dilemmas posed by public ethics.

Combinatory therapeutic approaches for common cold and SARS-CoV-2

Many countries in the world face the new challenge of having human coronavirus infection to manage commendably - the large affliction of human health. Together, each country has modern drugs and a variety of medicinal products developed from their traditional medical practitioners to treat a common cold. In this review, we describe potentially synergistic therapeutics of traditional and complementary medicine available for common cold which might be useful for prevention or for the adjuvant treatment of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Further, we provide a phylogenetic overview of SARSCoV-2 based on a complete genome sequence of common cold viruses. We suggest modern and traditional medicine and preventive strategies which might control the disease to offer more suitable and acceptable common cold management including coronavirus. A substantial proportion of medicinal products developed by traditional medicine against common cold as well as modern medicine mainly focus on symptoms suppression. The recombinant interferon alpha-2b and lactoferrin derived from modern medicine in combination with herbal based products from traditional medicine may support the prevention of novel coronavirus infections. An integrated approach against common cold viruses to establish efficacy and safety through modern and traditional medicine and regular physical exercise along with preventive dietary sources is proposed.

The Code of Capital (Book Review)

Global financial inequality was increasing before COVID-19 unleashed market and economic chaos. The pandemic has widened the wealth gap, exposing financial disparity in even the world’s most prosperous countries. While the COVID-19 crisis has expanded the fortunes of some, millions around the world face the unrelenting reality of poverty. While it’s difficult to deny the influence of ideology on the growing wealth divide, in some countries (particularly the United States) there might be another critical factor to consider – the law. In The Code of Capital – How The Law Creates Wealth and Inequality, Professor Katharina Pistor persuasively contents that “who has access to and control over the legal code” has power over the “levers” of societal wealth creation and distribution. Perhaps the book’s most contextually important contribution is the way it shows how the legal code has been used to continually “mint” debt-based instruments that are convertible into cash, universally traded, durably protected, and bestowing of priority rights on their holders. The net result is a “deeply hierarchical” but highly volatile and complex financial system. Post 2008 reforms have not eliminated the problems of unstable, contractually-driven, financial product innovation, perpetual credit generation, and the propagation of “too big to fail” financial institutions.

Improving the Detection of Explosives in a MOX Chemical Sensors Array With LSTM Networks

Entities throughout the world face the problem of detecting hidden explosives, where human and canine inspection might not be a viable solution. Therefore, it is important to develop fast, reliable, and portable integrated inspection systems by means of automated methods, such as electronic noses. The goal of the work presented here is to develop an accurate, fast and light-weight machine/deep learning classification model to be used in a MOX chemical sensors array (electronic nose), in order to identify explosive substances. For this paper, 140 samples were taken, combining TNT or gunpowder with either soap or toothpaste, or acquiring raw samples of those substances in amounts ranging from 0.1 g to 2 g. For the classification problem, among the different options in machine learning techniques, five models were evaluated. The implemented LSTM version of a LeNet-5 based network, classifies accurately the compounds in 100% of the cases when using only 30 seconds from the 360 obtained by the sensor array per each sample. The results of this work indicate that the proposed LSTM-based deep learning model could be easily implemented into an embedded system.

Early-Stage Detection of Cyber Attacks

Nowadays, systems around the world face many cyber attacks every day. These attacks consist of numerous steps that may occur over an extended period of time. We can learn from them and use this knowledge to create tools to predict and prevent the attacks. In this paper, we introduce a way to sort cyber attacks in stages, which can help with the detection of each stage of cyber attacks. In this way, we can detect the earlier stages of the attack. We propose a solution using Bayesian network algorithms to predict how the attacks proceed. We can use this information for more effective defense against cyber threats.

Regulating for Social Integration by Behavioral Design: An Evidence-Based Approach for Culturally Responsive Regulation

Democratic societies around the world face the challenge of strengthening social integration against a multitude of cultural and ethnic differences. Yet common regulations for integration—from cultural assimilation policies to general education programs—encounter objection, noncompliance, and even backlash among the very groups that the regulator strives to integrate into society. The article analyzes this challenge from a behavioral perspective, drawing on rich qualitative and experimental evidence in the context of the Israeli core curriculum regulation. The findings elucidate the joint role of identity threat and framing effects in spurring noncompliance and hindering the implementation of the regulation. I then design and test a behavioral intervention that is found to significantly increase support for the regulation, particularly among its strongest opponents. These results propose new paths to improve the regulation for integration and strengthen trust and cooperation in conflicted societies. More broadly, the project expands the framework of responsive regulation to address additional rule-takers and motivations for noncompliance and advances the application of behavioral research to the design of regulation.

When Will Coronavirus Disease-19 Patients be allowed to Work at the Office Again?: A Literature Study

As numbers of coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 cases in the world rises gradually, both from unending first waves and resurging waves following successful reduction of cases on first waves, both the world and healthcare workers face an impending situation in the near future. For the world, the question may be, “When will we be allowed to work at our office again?” For caregivers, the question will be, “What may happen if over capacitance of healthcare facilities resumes until indeterminate time?” New published guidelines by WHO on clinical management of COVID-19 provided most recent recommendations on criteria for stopping isolation of COVID-19 patients based on new findings that patients positive of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is not always transmitting virus to surroundings. Furthermore, criteria for terminating isolation are suitable for all COVID-19 cases regardless of the location of isolation or the severity of the disease without the requirement of repeated swab examinations. This further gives an advantage by lowering healthcare costs and effective allocation of health resources. Even if a negative swab result is still a condition to be deemed not to be able to transmit the virus, this should not be a barrier for someone to return to their normal activity and lifestyle while waiting for the test swab results. In the end, the choice whether to pursue a result that has no clear benefits by allocating funds for repeated swab tests at expensive costs and ignoring the productivity of professionals by carrying out prolonged isolation or to optimize the resources at our disposal.

La importancia de la mujer en el desarrollo. Análisis de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible con perspectiva de género

La participación de la mujer en los distintos sectores económicos, políticos, sociales y ambientales constituye la pieza clave para alcanzar el desarrollo humano sostenible que tanto anhelamos. Su fortaleza, inteligencia, capacidad para gestionar los recursos, así como su capacidad de cuidado de los demás y del medio que la rodea la convierten en el motor de desarrollo humano sostenible. Sin embargo, uno de los obstáculos a los que se tienen que enfrentar millones de mujeres en todo el mundo es el escaso reconocimiento de sus derechos en todos los ámbitos, lo que la hace susceptible a padecer situaciones de discriminación, violencia y exclusión social. Si bien en los últimos 40 años se ha producido un gran avance en la incorporación de la perspectiva de género en las agendas internacionales, todavía existen importantes retos en torno a su participación igualitaria y plena en la sociedad internacional. Por ello, este trabajo tiene como propósito analizar los sucesos históricos que ha posibilitado el reconocimiento de los derechos de la mujer después distintos enfoques o metodologías, así como determinar la posible incorporación de la perspectiva de género en los 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), destacando la importancia de la participación de la mujer en cada uno de dichos objetivos. Todo ello basado en una metodología de análisis cuantitativo de revisión de bibliográfica existente sobre dicha temática y cuantitativo sobre la revisión de los indicadores contenidos en el documento de ONU MUJERES “Hacer las promesas realidad: la igualdad de género en la agenda 2030 para el desarrollo sostenible”, publicado en el 2018

Smart mobility \u2013 an analysis of potential customers\u2019 preference structures

Cities around the world face major challenges caused by the extensive use of private cars. To counteract these problems, a new paradigm is necessary which promotes alternative mobility services. ‘Smart mobility’ refers to a new mobility behaviour that makes use of innovative technical solutions, such as the IT-supported combination of different alternative mobility services during a trip from an origin to a destination. Unfortunately, relatively few customers use apps that provide recommendations for smart mobility and there is limited knowledge about the desires, priorities and needs of potential customers. To fill this gap, we use conjoint analysis to explore differences in smart mobility app preferences across groups of people with varying mobility behaviour. Our study also considers the effect of age and place of residence on preference structures. Our results show, for example, that only car drivers do not consider the price of the smart mobility app to be particularly important for their selection decision.

Alignment and contribution of nursing doctoral programs to achieve the sustainable development goals

BackgroundDifferent social segments from several regions of the world face challenges in order to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Nursing represents the greatest number of health workforce in the globe, dealing with these challenges in different paths, among them the training of human resources. In this context, the goal of this study was to compare the relationship between the objectives and research areas underlying nursing doctoral programs in Latin America and the SDGs.MethodDocumental research comparing data of all Latin American nursing doctoral programs and the SDGs, conducted between January and March 2020.ResultsFrom the total of 56 existing programs in Latin America, this study analyzed 52 of them, representing 92.8% of the total. Most nursing doctoral programs have contributed to SDG 3, in addition to goals 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12 and 16. The SDGs 11, 13, 14, 15 and 17 were not related to any of the analyzed programs. Data reveal that the training of nursing PhDs is essential to fulfilling these goals. Results also indicate a need of programs to remain committed to relationships that enhance nursing skills to cope with the current challenges in terms of global health, such as investments for the reduction of social and gender inequities.ConclusionThe doctoral training of nurses in Latin America needs to be better aligned with the sustainable development goals (SDGs), since there is a high concentration in SDG 3. We believe that nursing will bring a greater contribution to the movement to protect planetary health as the principles governing nursing practices are better aligned with international health demands and agendas.

Change detection analysis in coverage area of coal fire from 2009 to 2019 in Jharia Coalfield using remote sensing data

ABSTRACT Many coal-producing nations across the world face significant risks due to subsurface and surface coal fires. Thus, monitoring of coal fire propagation is the need to minimize the risk and extreme loss of energy resources. The present study aims to analyse the changes that occurred in coal fire area coverage from 2009 to 2019 in Jharia coalfield (JCF) using Land remote sensing satellite (Landsat) data. The land surface temperature (LST) was estimated separately for 2 years (2019 and 2009) using Landsat data of three bands (thermal infrared (TIR), near-infrared (NIR), and red band). The threshold LST ( values were estimated for both the years for detection and delineation of fire-affected pixels. were determined using the statistical method and observed to be 38.04°C and 42.97°C, respectively, for the year 2019 and 2009. The study results also indicated that satellite-based LST for 2019 was saturated at nearly 49.89°C. Thus, the LST for high-temperature zones or surface fire zones cannot be determined using the specified band data. The LST estimated using Landsat data for 2019 was validated with field temperature measurement at 22 different locations using a thermal camera. The locations of each station were tracked using a global positioning system (GPS) device. It was found that the predicted LSTs from satellite data are highly correlated with the field data with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.95.