Premise Of Work Research Articles

НАПРЯМКИ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ ПО ПІДВИЩЕННЮ КОМФОРТНОСТІ СВІТЛОВОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА

Purpose. The aim of the study was to analyse the most promising ways to use natural light in new modern construction projects and in the reconstruction of existing buildings and modern methods of designing artificial lighting and interior design using new sources, taking into account the psychophysiological condition of the human body. Methods. In order to achieve the set objectives, the current standards of lighting environment, design solutions for natural light in workplaces, were analysed and the ecological and climatic conditions of lighting on the example of Dnipro were taken into account. Existing artificial lighting systems were analysed, the impact of lighting levels was considered, as well as sources on the state of human health, ability to work and safety. Topicality. The article considers the problem of improving the safety and comfort of the lighting environment under optimal working conditions, which preserve the health of workers and create the prerequisites for maintaining a high level of efficiency. The scientific novelty lies in a comprehensive approach to evaluating the hygienic characteristics of light and colour environment, as well as the application of results for the calculation of lighting systems and recommendations for the design and interior decoration of premises for work of high visual complexity. Practical significance. The research results could be provided to ensure safety of workers in the premises, with categories of work of high, very high and highest precision. The importance of the work lies in the need to take into account the complex effect of a light-coloured environment on the state of workers. The research results proved that safe and comfortable lighting should be designed on the basis of a multifactor model that takes into account the exposure of light of different origins at a workplace with obligatory consideration of the impact on human health during work, as well as determining the energy efficiency of workplace lighting

Wolność koalicji w pracowniczym i niepracowniczym zatrudnieniu

One of indisputable freedoms of labor unions is the freedom of coalition. Under Labor Unions Act, full right to coalition consists of: freedom to establish labor unions and freedom to join existing labor unions. In Poland some social and labor groups were deprived of the freedom of coalition (full or even limited), which is not consistent with international and European law. For instance, employers (outworkers) due to the fact that they are not employees within the meaning of art. 2 of the Labor Code, cannot establish labor unions, even though they perform similar type of work as teleworkers (outside work premises) who enjoy full right of coalition just as all other employees. There are also justified doubts if it is right that Polish law-maker refused to grant the freedom to establish and join labor unions by freelancers and those who perform work on the basis of civil-law agreements. Granting them at least limited right of coalition would correspond to art. 1 of the Labor Union Act that defines labor unions as organizations of people who perform work, not only those who are employed. Art. 78 par. 6 of the Act on Civil Service of 2008 forbids members of civil service who are high in hierarchy to serve any function in labor unions. Undoubtedly, some persons employed in the field of civil service who are high in hierarchy fulfill premises provided in Convention No. 151 of International Labor Organization which allows for restriction of labor union freedoms in the said respect, yet that does not concern all people. Depriving judges of freedom of coalition when it comes to establishment of labor unions and joining already existing ones is also contrary to Conventions No. 87 and 151 of the International Labor Organization. The judges neither can be perceived as workers employed on high positions, engaged in creation of politics nor employers whose competences are mostly of confidential character. The rule concerning restriction of freedom of coalition in case of policemen and prison officers may also create some justified doubts in relation to art. 9 of the Convention No. 87 of the International Labor Organization. Thus, the law-maker’s actions should aim at expanding the subjective scope of the freedom of coalition through abolition of numerous restrictions related to that freedom in order to adjust Polish national solutions in that area to international and European law. Still not all entitled persons use the freedom of coalition in full, or even limited scope.

Risk perception, mental health impacts and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic among Filipino healthcare workers.

BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic has caused an extraordinary situation, especially for the healthcare workers (HCWs), leading to increased psychological stress. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of different grades of anxiety and depression across different centers in the Philippines and identify demographic factors associated with them.Design and MethodA cross-sectional, web-based, multi-center study was conducted among HCWs of Philippines from April 20- May 20, 2020. The study instruments used were the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Risk perception scores were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test. Logistic regression was done to identify factors significantly associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression determined.ResultsA total of 516 HCWs were included in the study. Most of them have anxiety symptoms (70.74%), but only half of them have symptoms of depression (50.97%). In addition, gender, age, marital status, living status, occupation, work premises, and availability of mental health services were significantly associated with the participants' anxiety symptoms. In contrast, gender, marital status, occupation, and work premises were significantly associated with depression symptoms.ConclusionThis study reiterates the fact and demonstrates that COVID-19 has disrupted the mental well-being of HCWs in the Philippines. Majority of HCW was psychologically affected by COVID-19. Therefore, there is a dire need to address mental illness amongst HCWs and frame guidelines based on proven algorithms to overcome these mental illnesses.

The Effects of Workplace-Based HIV Self-testing on Uptake of Testing and Linkage to HIV Care or Prevention by Men in Uganda (WISe-Men): Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial.

BackgroundHIV testing uptake remains low among men in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV self-testing (HIVST) at the workplace is a novel approach to increase the availability of, and access to, testing among men. However, both access and linkage to posttest services remain a challenge.ObjectiveThe aim of this protocol is to describe a cluster randomized trial (CRT)—Workplace-Based HIV Self-testing Among Men (WISe-Men)—to evaluate the effect of HIVST in workplace settings on the uptake of HIV testing services (HTS) and linkage to treatment and prevention services among men employed in private security services in Uganda.MethodsThis is a two-arm CRT involving men employed in private security services in two Ugandan districts. The participants in the intervention clusters will undergo workplace-based HIVST using OraQuick test kits. Those in the control clusters will receive routine HTS at their work premises. In addition to HTS, participants in both the intervention and control arms will undergo other tests and assessments, which include blood pressure assessment, blood glucose and BMI measurement, and rapid diagnostic testing for syphilis. The primary outcome is the uptake of HIV testing. The secondary outcomes include HIV status reporting, linkage into HIV care and confirmatory testing following HIVST, initiation of antiretroviral therapy following a confirmatory HIV test, the uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision, consistent condom use, and the uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis by the most at-risk populations.ResultsParticipant enrollment commenced in February 2020, and the trial is still recruiting study participants. Follow-up for currently enrolled participants is ongoing. Data collection and analysis is expected to be completed in December 2021.ConclusionsThe WISe-Men trial will provide information regarding whether self-testing at worksites increases the uptake of HIV testing as well as the linkage to care and prevention services at male-dominated workplaces in Uganda. Additionally, the findings will help us propose strategies for improving men’s engagement in HTS and ways to improve linkage to further care following a reactive or nonreactive HIVST result.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04164433; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04164433International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/25099

The Voyatzis Mansion in Aegina, Greece: A Historical and Architectural Approach and Physicochemical Documentation of the Wall Painting Decoration

This paper refers to the study of the Voyatzis mansion, in the port of Aegina, Greece. The building complex consists of two discrete structures, which were built at different times (before 1830, 1880 and 1890) and have housed either the Voyatzis family home or its business and work premises. The present research is focused on the documentation of the building, which was never published, and combines the architectural form and elements within its historical context as well as the physicochemical analysis of the painted decoration. The key hypothesis investigated is whether Konstantinos Voyatzis transferred the aesthetic approach and application techniques from Symi to Aegina, when he emigrated from his birthplace. The documentation of the ceiling decoration as well as the physicochemical study of the second floor’s internal wall painting decoration in the main rooms was carried out using in situ modern hyperspectral imaging in specific wavelengths of the visible and near-infrared region, as well as in false color infrared mode. Complementary SWIR imaging, using an InGaAs sensor at the range 900–1700 nm was also applied. The assumption was supported by the findings of the imaging techniques, which showed, apart from the secco method, the use of traditional pigments for the wall paintings, such as cobalt blue, brown, red and yellow earth pigments, chrome oxide green and black, sometimes in admixture with white. The use of guidelines and stencil in the case of the hallway was also recorded.

Workers’ Satisfaction with Grievance-Handling Procedure: A Study on the Selected Garment Factories in Bangladesh

Abstract Employees are the most important asset in the organization. There should always be a good relationship between employer and employee. If employees are happy in the organization, then the organization can move towards success. Satisfaction towards grievance handling procedure is important in this regard since one of the most important consequences of mishandling of grievances is labor unrest. An employee’s grievance can be over the wage and salary, working hours, condition of work premises, employment conditions, etc. Keeping the views in mind, this study was conducted to examine the level of satisfaction towards different dimensions of grievance handling procedure and its influence on overall satisfaction among workers in some selected factories in the Readymade Garments (RMG) sector in Bangladesh. Data was collected using the Grievance Handling Procedure Questionnaire. A total of 284 garment workers from different garment factories located in Dhaka, Gazipur, and Narayanganj took part in the survey. Measures of central tendency, dispersion, and association have been used as part of descriptive statistics while multiple linear regression analysis has been used to identify significant predictors of turnover intention. The results indicated that four dimensions of grievance handling procedure, i.e., a decision given, time taken for solving grievance, follow up mechanism, and attitude of supervisors significantly predict workers’ overall satisfaction. However, structural features of the grievance procedure were found statistically insignificant. Finally, it was concluded that if managers and supervisors are well trained and workers’ grievances are handled effectively, they will be encouraged, assured, and will have positive feelings towards their organization and this would increase their overall satisfaction and, thereby, productivity.

A linearly extendible multi-artifact removal approach for improved upper extremity EEG-based motor imagery decoding.

Non-invasive multichannel Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings provide an alternative source of neural information from which motor imagery (MI) patterns associated with limb movement intent can be decoded for use as control inputs for rehabilitation robots. The presence of multiple inherent dynamic artifacts in EEG signals, however, poses processing challenges for brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. A large proportion of the existing EEG signal preprocessing methods focus on isolating single artifact per time from an ensemble of EEG trials and require calibration and/or reference electrodes, resulting in increased complexity of their application to MI-EEG controlled rehabilitation devices in practical settings. Also, a few existing multi-artifacts removal methods though explored in other domains, they have rarely been investigated in the space of MI-EEG signals for multiple artifacts cancellation in a simultaneous manner. Building on the premise of previous works, this study propose a semi-automatic EEG preprocessing method that combines Generalized Eigenvalue Decomposition driven by low-rank approximation and a Multi-channel Wiener Filter (GEVD-MWF) that employs a learning technique for simultaneous elimination of multiple artifacts from MI-EEG signals. The proposed method is applied to remove multiple artifacts from 64-channel EEG signals recorded from transhumeral amputees while they performed distinct classes of upper limb MI tasks before decoding their movement intent using a selection of features and machine learning algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed GEVD-MWF method yields significant improvements in MI decoding accuracies, in the range of 13.23%-41.21% compared to four existing popular artifact removal algorithms. Further investigation revealed that the GEVD-MWF approach enabled accuracies in the range of 90.44% - 99.67% using "single trial" EEG recordings, which could eliminate the need to record and process large ensembles of EEG trials as commonly required in some existing approaches. Additionally, using a variant of the sequential forward floating selection algorithm, a subset of 9 channels was used to obtain a decoding accuracy of 93.73%±1.58%. Given its improved performance, reduced data requirements, and feasibility with few channels, the proposed GEVD-MWF could potentially spur the development of effective real-time control strategies for multi-degree of freedom EEG-based miniaturized rehabilitation robotic interfaces.

Job Safety Analysis during Tunnel Construction

Purpose: There are many tunnels under construction in Nepal as its mountainous country. Road, water supply, hydropower, and irrigation projects are under construction in Nepal through the tunnel. “Safety First” should be one of the main objectives of any construction projects mainly tunnel and shall be given high priority throughout the construction period. A single person alone cannot do it alone. A team including safety professionals to concentrate on health, safety, and environmental concerns shall be involved to ensure that safety environment will be maintained in the construction site. OSH is the relation between man and man, man and machine and man and environment. The paper aims to analyze the job safety of major selected construction activities during tunneling. Design/Methodology/Approach: Site Observation, Key Informant Interview (KII), and Study of Methods of Statement were done as main data collection tools. Job safety analysis and identification of activity with high risk level involved should be determined so that proper prevention and control mechanism could be determined and implemented. Drilling, excavation, blasting, mocking, scaling and shotcerting were major activities whose hazards, prevention mechanism and the responsible party were identified. Findings/Result: The study reveals that the main occupational hazards were mechanical and chemical hazards. Rockfall and landslide were noted as the major mechanical hazard whereas toxic gas and cement dust were the main chemical hazards. Similarly, noise and vibration were the main physical hazards and untimely payment of wages and leave were psychological hazards. It was reported that the major accident occurred at sites where the leg struck on steps of boomer while pulling a worker to save him from falling of boomer, penetration by fine grinding wheel material into the eye while carrying out grind cutting of drum and faint due to oxygen deficiency inside the tunnel. Some minor accidents were road traffic accidents, cut by sharp tools, fall/hit to/hit by objects, splashing of acids, burning caught by fire, etc. and the fatal accidents was one of the mechanics blown away by the erupted boomer tyres while filling up air into the same and one of the workers lost his life due to truck accident inside the work premise. The families of the demised had been compensated by the company. For safe construction requires the teamwork of sincere and coordinated effort of all stakeholders. Lack of regular inspection and monitoring at the site was the main cause of improper implementation of prevailing health and safety regulations. Originality/Value: The study is highly significant for working engineers to perform the task without any misfortune inside the tunnel. Paper Type: Project Management Action Research.

Job Safety Analysis during Tunnel Construction

Purpose: There are many tunnels under construction in Nepal as its mountainous country. Road, water supply, hydropower, and irrigation projects are under construction in Nepal through the tunnel. “Safety First” should be one of the main objectives of any construction projects mainly tunnel and shall be given high priority throughout the construction period. A single person alone cannot do it alone. A team including safety professionals to concentrate on health, safety, and environmental concerns shall be involved to ensure that safety environment will be maintained in the construction site. OSH is the relation between man and man, man and machine and man and environment. The paper aims to analyze the job safety of major selected construction activities during tunneling. Design/Methodology/Approach: Site Observation, Key Informant Interview (KII), and Study of Methods of Statement were done as main data collection tools. Job safety analysis and identification of activity with high risk level involved should be determined so that proper prevention and control mechanism could be determined and implemented. Drilling, excavation, blasting, mocking, scaling and shotcerting were major activities whose hazards, prevention mechanism and the responsible party were identified. Findings/Result: The study reveals that the main occupational hazards were mechanical and chemical hazards. Rockfall and landslide were noted as the major mechanical hazard whereas toxic gas and cement dust were the main chemical hazards. Similarly, noise and vibration were the main physical hazards and untimely payment of wages and leave were psychological hazards. It was reported that the major accident occurred at sites where the leg struck on steps of boomer while pulling a worker to save him from falling of boomer, penetration by fine grinding wheel material into the eye while carrying out grind cutting of drum and faint due to oxygen deficiency inside the tunnel. Some minor accidents were road traffic accidents, cut by sharp tools, fall/hit to/hit by objects, splashing of acids, burning caught by fire, etc. and the fatal accidents was one of the mechanics blown away by the erupted boomer tyres while filling up air into the same and one of the workers lost his life due to truck accident inside the work premise. The families of the demised had been compensated by the company. For safe construction requires the teamwork of sincere and coordinated effort of all stakeholders. Lack of regular inspection and monitoring at the site was the main cause of improper implementation of prevailing health and safety regulations. Originality/Value: The study is highly significant for working engineers to perform the task without any misfortune inside the tunnel. Paper Type: Project Management Action Research.

From traditional to distance learning: hygienic problems of vision protection of students

Introduction. Electronic devices (ED) are widespread among adolescents, filling their daily lives. The trend towards digitalization of all aspects of life is a global trend with the inevitable involvement of young people. The lack of existing preventive measures necessitates scientific research and intensification of work to promote a healthy lifestyle. Materials and methods. In 2019, an online survey was conducted of 200 schoolchildren in grades 9-11, 498 students in 1-6 courses, and 251 parents. In April 2020, an online survey was conducted of 1587 students of 1-6 classes and 500 parents. Measurements of physical factors were carried out at the Dolgoprudnenskaya gymnasium and the N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. One thousand sixty-six schoolchildren and students were examined by an ophthalmologist with the help of the device “ARMISm”. Results. Negative tendencies in the state of the organ of vision, observed by students, are primarily associated with increased use of stationary and mobile ED in all age groups. Students use various ED in places with insufficient artificial illumination. In educational institutions, such places are corridors, halls, recreation, where students use their electronic devices. There are currently no separate requirements for artificial lighting by using information and communication technologies outside of classrooms or work premises. During the period of distance learning, schoolchildren and students have been established to use one more ED in comparison with the period of traditional education. The long-term effect of using mobile ED is still unknown. Conclusions. As a preventive hygienic measure for the protection of vision, it is recommended to use ED only in places with a good level of illumination, including artificial, with limited duration of continuous use of ED, with gymnastics for the eyes during breaks.

A novel hybrid dimension reduction technique for efficient selection of bio-marker genes and prediction of heart failure status of patients

This study highlighted and provided a conceptual framework of a hybridized dimension reduction by combining Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Boruta Algorithm (BA) with Deep Neural Network (DNN). Among questions left unanswered sufficiently by both computational and biological scientists are: which genes among thousand of genes are statistically relevant to the prediction of patients’ heart rhythm? and how they are associated with heart rhythm? A plethora of models has been proposed to reliably identify core informative genes. The premise of this present work is to address these limitations. Five distinct micro-array data on heart diseases have been taken into consideration to observe the prominent genes. We form three distinct set two-way hybrids between Boruta Algorithm and Neural Network (BANN); Genetic Algorithm and Deep Neural Network (GADNN) and Boruta Algorithm and Deep Neural Network (BADNN), respectively, to extract highly differentially expressed genes to achieve both better estimation and clearer interpretation of the parameters included in these models. The results of the filtering process were observed to be impressive since the technique removed noisy genes. The proposed BA algorithm was observed to select minimum genes in the wrapper process with about 80% of the five datasets than the proposed GA algorithm with 20%. Moreover, the empirical comparative results revealed that BADNN outperformed other proposed algorithms with prediction accuracy of 97%, 87%, and 100% respectively. Finally, this study has successfully demonstrated the utility, versatility, and applicability of hybrid dimension reduction algorithms (HDRA) in the realm of deep neural networks.

Doping challenges and pathways to industrial scalability of III–V nanowire arrays

Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) have been investigated for decades, but their application into commercial products is still difficult to achieve, with triggering causes related to the fabrication cost and structure complexity. Dopant control at the nanoscale greatly narrows their exploitation as components for device integration. In this context, doping appears the truly last missing piece of the puzzle for III–V NWs, for them to become commercially exploitable. In this paper, we review the doping of bottom up III–V NW arrays grown by molecular beam epitaxy and metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy, aiming to link materials science challenges with the critical aspect of device design. First, the doping methods and mechanisms are described, highlighting the differences between self-assembled and ordered NW arrays. Then, a brief overview of the available tools for investigating the doping is offered to understand the common strategies used for doping characterization. Both aspects are crucial to discuss the recent advancements in reproducibility and up-scalability, which are discussed in view of large area fabrication for industrial production. Finally, the most common doping-related challenges are presented together with the latest solutions to achieve high performing NW-based devices. On this basis, we believe that new insights and innovative findings discussed herein will open the low dimensional materials era, on the premise of multidisciplinary collaborative works of all the sectors involved in the design and optimization of commercial products.

Urban Land Use Analysis and Policy Review of Ethiopia with Special Reference to Micro and Small Enterprise Development Initiative of Hawassa City

Micro and small enterprise in urban dimension is becoming the fundamental issue that lay a foundation to the structural transformation in to industrialized economy. The Ethiopian government has already developed firm commitment for the realization of the plan. However, the sector is not free from obstacles. The deterrent, apart from other things, facing the sector are shortage and unplanned expansion of working and selling premises. The main intention of the research is to investigate the contribution of urban land use plan as well as policy and legal frameworks towards the promotion of MSE. Descriptive approach is followed as the main designing of the research and Digital data collection is employed as a main method for capturing spatial data of premises. Questionnaires were distributed to a sample size of 269 MSE operators. Key informants were thoroughly discussed with help of semi-structured interviews. Document review was cautiously performed in the perspective of the promotion of Micro and small enterprises. Geographic Information System and AutoCAD were chosen as vital tool for depicting the spatial configuration of MSEs and the results were presented by using tables, maps, graphs and pie charts. The findings of the critical analysis elicited the assignment of working and selling premises for MSEs are carried out arbitrary and unplanned manner on public spaces. There are inconsistencies among urban policy, Strategies, urban plan manual and standard toward addressing the issue of MSE. To ensure sustainable progress in urban centers, the commitment of the government should not cease with the policy and strategy formulation. Rather, it has to go through manuals and standards since policies and strategies are eventually implemented by manuals and standards.

Reply to Dr. Yu Yihsoong

Reply to Dr. Yu Yihsoong Stephen C. Angle (bio) I am grateful to Dr. Yu Yihsoong for having engaged so deeply with my book Sagehood and its view of Coherence (or li 理), and to the editor for giving me this opportunity to reply. I am also pleased that Dr. Yu is not hung up on the translation of li as “Coherence”—indeed, he says he likes the translation—but rather argues with the details of what I say about li itself. As I read him, Dr. Yu’s critique of my book has three main aspects. First, he sees that I defend a virtue-ethical rather than a rule-ethical reading of Neo-Confucianism, and based on his sense of what virtue ethics is and requires, this leads Dr. Yu to conclude that I am forced into certain errors of interpretation. Second, Dr. Yu believes that while my views are problematic as interpretations of Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming, they resonate much more closely with the ideas of Wang Chuanshan, whom Dr. Yu himself endorses as a superior philosopher. Dr. Yu therefore regrets that I did not develop my account in closer conversation with Wang Chuanshan. Third, Dr. Yu argues that I downplay the ontological (for Zhu Xi) and immanent (for Wang Yangming) aspects of li. In this brief reply, I will focus primarily on the first and third of these points. Dr. Yu is surely correct that I would benefit from a more detailed engagement with Wang Chuanshan and that we should all pay careful attention to the recent work that has been done in this vein, most especially in JeeLoo Liu’s excellent Neo-Confucianism: Metaphysics, Mind, and Morality.1 Still, a dialogue with Wang Chuanshan that is both charitable and yet critical would require more space than I have room for here, and I believe that it is possible to clear up some potential confusions about my views without taking that further step at this time. In brief, then, I will argue that the particularist emphasis in my account of Neo-Confucian virtue ethics does not depend on a bifurcation of intellectual and moral virtues, and that once we have a clearer understanding of what I mean by “agent-based” virtue ethics, several other misunderstandings of my views on Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming can be resolved as well. Before turning to these two arguments, it might be useful to call attention to one of the major methodological differences between Dr. Yu’s approach and mine. He relies on the idea that Neo-Confucianism can be usefully divided into three distinct schools—the “School of Principle,” the “School of Mind,” and the school of “Qi-based Ontology”—and that the differences among these schools are sharp. A premise of my work, both in Sagehood [End Page 260] and in the book I have more recently co-authored with Justin Tiwald, is that the major Neo-Confucians do not divide neatly into such schools and that focusing on these divisions often obscures more than it reveals.2 We are better off attending to differences and similarities in piecemeal fashion and noticing different patterns of emphasis (Justin and I write of different areas of “focus”) as they emerge from our interpretive work. I will suggest some ways in which this approach—which, admittedly, runs against the mainstream of modern intellectual historical work on Neo-Confucianism—might make differences to the outcome of our interpretations as I proceed. Dr. Yu’s understanding of what I intend by “virtue ethics” has two key dimensions. On the one hand, he sees that I believe that the Neo-Confucians stress the “virtues of responding well to one’s circumstances” instead of what he calls the “the virtues of following moral doctrines.” While I am surprised that he finds it obvious that “traditional Confucian ethics” stresses the latter, Dr. Yu is correct that I do not think that Neo-Confucians endorse a rule-based (or moral-doctrine-based) understanding of ethics. In their different ways, neither Zhu Xi nor Wang Yangming believes that our ultimate guide is one or more state-able rules or “principles” that we can follow. It is true that Wang...

Devoted work without limits? Activities and premises of home visit work at the margins of community care

Community care provided through home visits is an increasingly common way to respond to adult citizens’ complex needs due to, for example, mental health and substance abuse problems. This study explores the activities and core premises that this work entails. The data contain six focus group interviews with practitioners in five service settings in Finland and Sweden at the margins of community care. Through a two-stage coding process, 11 activities and three premises – situationality, boundlessness and empathy – were identified. The findings show that home visit work at the margins of community care is comprehensive and flexible, requiring reflexivity.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19 НА РЫНОК ТРУДА: СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ, ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИЯ

The development of the labor market and its expansion are very important components for a prosperous socio-economic life of any state and its population. The article examines changes in the labor market under the influence of the rapid spread of coronavirus infection, reveals their consequences for the standard of living of people and further ways out of this situation. The issue of the need to adapt to the digital economy of most spheres of economic activity and employees in or- der to avoid a repeated situation and to increase profits by providing services and goods not only offline, through direct communication with the consumer, but also with the use of new digital technologies, including remote work, the online sphere ... COVID-19 has become a catalyst for the transition of all areas to the online environment during the pandemic, but many companies did not want to return to their usual way of life after the lifting of restrictive measures. A large number of firms continued to develop their range of online services and were able to transfer some of their employees to remote work. It is quite simple to justify what is happening, employers no longer need to pay rent for premises for work. For this rea- son, there have been changes in the structure of labor demand in the labor market. Living conditions have changed dra- matically, so the requirements for employees have changed, some had to retrain, while most had to master online servers in order not to lose their income. The development of the digital economy leads to the need for people to possess new com- petencies in this area, which leads to the development of human resources. Modern workers must be ready for continuous learning and mastering new technologies - this has become a key factor for a successful career in the digital world.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOB MOTIVATION, COMMUNICATION AND WORK RELATIONSHIP AND, SALARY AND REMUNERATION ON ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS

Organizations want to achieve successful performance in the market and if possible, to have sustainable economic growth. However, in the current state of globalization and strong competition, technology is evolving rapidly, thus making the market an unsafe environment. Business organizations need to make full use of all available resources. It is already a common fact that the human resources or staff of an organization are a key asset to achieving success. Yet, what makes employees satisfied or motivated to achieve the planned objectives? In this research, we analyze several factors that influence employee motivation to improve their performance. Through empirical and theoretical analysis, the study will identify the relationship between employee motivation and organizational effectiveness and ultimately the improvement of organizational outcomes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect produced by employee motivation on organizational effectiveness. Employee motivation will involve criteria such as employee bonuses, good communication within the work premises, and satisfaction in their workplace.

História da Química nos Projetos Pedagógicos nas Licenciaturas em Química das Universidades Cearenses

Compreender que a Química como Ciência foi sendo constituída e construída ao longo de sua existência, a partir de questões sociais e históricas, é imprescindível para superação da visão pronta e acabada da Ciência. Suscitamos como questão central desta pesquisa saber como os cursos de formação de professores de Química apresentam em sua estrutura curricular a História da Química como disciplina? Nosso objetivo geral foi investigar a presença da disciplina curricular História da Química na formação inicial de professores de Química, através da análise de sua estruturação nos PPP das Licenciaturas em Química das Universidades Públicas do Estado do Ceará. A pesquisa teve uma predominância qualitativa, escolhendo-se como método a Pesquisa Documental. Os PPP analisados, como norte do fazer docente, precisam ser repensados quanto à presença da disciplina História da Química, que deve se articular com as competências e habilidades exigidas do licenciando, sua obrigatoriedade, ementa e carga horária, de forma a proporcionar uma formação segura quanto à Historiografia da Química no currículo dos licenciandos. Torna-se urgente buscar meios de superação das contradições observadas nos vários PPP analisados, como tornar o componente curricular História da Química obrigatório no decorrer do curso, tendo como premissa um trabalho voltado à historiografía da Química, uma vez que formar professores críticos e reflexivos requer um fazer docente com as mesmas características, além de segurança e rigor didático pedagógico, capaz de fazer com que os futuros professores de Química se sintam aptos a realizar a transposição didática do conhecimento em suas aulas no Ensino Médio.

Teachers’ acceptance and use of digital learning environments after hours: Implications for work-life balance and the role of integration preference

While a growing number of teachers use information and communication technology (ICT) for work tasks outside the formal working hours and premises, research is inconclusive how this relates to their work-life balance. Following calls to examine the antecedents and moderating mechanisms of such behavior, the present study aims to examine how technology acceptance relates to work-related ICT use after hours (WIA) and work-life balance, as well as how employees' integration preference affects these relationships. Data was collected among 288 secondary school teachers in Flanders (Belgium) concerning their use of digital learning environments (DLE) beyond school grounds and school hours. Structural equation modelling shows that social influence reduces teachers' work-life balance mediated by WIA. While there was no support for other technology acceptance factors or the moderating role of integration preference, performance expectancy of the DLE and integration preference were associated with a higher work-life balance. Hereby, this study contributes to research on WIA by integrating the technology acceptance framework with boundary theory and work-life research. Overall, the findings show that DLE have an impact on teachers’ work-life balance independent of technological factors or their personal preference, underscoring the importance of school policies that cement the use of DLE in the private domain.

Association of owner related and external factors with micro and small manufacturing enterprises growth in Ethiopia

This study was conducted with the objective of analyzing the association of owner related and external factors with growth of MSEs operating in the manufacturing sector. Primary data were collected from 218 randomly selected owner/operator of manufacturing MSEs and coordinators of MSEs by using structured questionnaire and interview, respectively. Chi-square test was employed to analyze the owner related/internal factors, and external factors with growth of manufacturing MSEs. The statistical test revealed that gender, initial investment size, modern machinery, training, infrastructure and location have statistically significant association with growth of manufacturing MSEs; whereas age, education level, work premises and market linkage/ access are found to have statistically insignificant association with growth of MSEs operating in the manufacturing sector, though they make difference on the MSEs growth level. Therefore, to improve the growth of manufacturing MSEs, MSEs development office in collaboration with the municipality, among others, should consider the statistically significant factors and focus on the MSEs’ challenges which are stated by the owners of the business (own working premise and market access/linkage) and take corrective actions. Finally, further research on similar area is suggested by considering factors that need solution such as previous experience of operator in the sector, firm age and access to credit; besides similar study on remaining MSEs sector and comparative study may be conducted even within the manufacturing sector as economic sub-sector (i.e., textile and garment, metal working workshop, furniture and wood working, manufacturing bricks etc.) in order to have a holistic understanding of about the determinants of manufacturing MSEs growth