Work Of Officers Research Articles

ПСИХО-ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ У СОТРУДНИКОВ СИЛОВЫХ СТРУКТУР В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ИНТЕНСИВНОСТИ ЗАНЯТИЙ ОГНЕВОЙ ПОДГОТОВКОЙ

Abstract. High-quality fire training of law enforcement officers who perform their duties, often in difficult, extreme conditions, is the main guarantee of their professional success, value and efficiency of service. Excellent results of the work performed, which are related to shooting, and, directly, the training process itself (fire training) depend on many factors. Of particular importance among them, undoubtedly, is the emotional state of the shooter, his psychological mood, as well as the state of health, physical indicators, the degree of endurance. The purpose of the study is to study the psychophysiological characteristics that characterize the readiness and effectiveness of the ability to act in extreme situations, depending on the degree of intensity of combat training (shooting training). Materials and methods: Employees of the special purpose unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation were examined. Depending on the intensity of fire training, 2 groups were identified, among which the study of the directed effects of some exercises on the psychological and psychophysiological properties of the fighter was carried out. The following indices were used for evaluation: functional changes, readiness for emergency action, overall effectiveness, as well as tests "Spatial extrapolation", "Factor personality questionnaire" and "Volitional self-control". The results of the study: psychophysiological indicators characterizing the degree of readiness to respond quickly to changing conditions and, accordingly, the effectiveness of the work of law enforcement officers showed their more "qualitative" condition in the group of shooters leading an intensive training process. At the same time, the excessive development of self-control among these individuals is accompanied by high internal tension and the risk of developing an anxiety syndrome. It is recommended to use these methods to assess the psychophysiological state of law enforcement officers.

The impact of transformational leadership on risk management and Dubai police performance

Abstract Effective leadership is essential to manage potential risks facing the mission of law enforcement and improve the performance of police departments. While risk management by itself does not provide an adequate guarantee for an effective police operation, transformational leaders motivate, and inspire police officers to display high performance. Hence, the absence of effective risk management and transformational leadership may weaken police performance and potentially increase the risk to the work of police officers. Accordingly, this research aims to inspect the direct relationships between transformational leadership on risk management and police performance. Quantitative methods have been used to measure the strength of associations between these variables, simple random sampling has been adopted for the survey on a sample consisting of 307 police officers in the Dubai police department. The outcomes of the study showed that transformational leadership has a substantial effect on risk management and police performance, while age (moderator) has a significant impact on the choice of transformational leadership by the leader. These outcomes show the significance of the transformational leadership approach in the work of policing and explain why many law enforcement organizations increasingly rely on transformational leaders to reduce crime rates and improve the performance of the police.

Redesain formulir deteksi dini tumbuh kembang di Rumah Sakit Muslimat Singosari

Growth monitoring is the main activity of the nutrition improvement program, which focuses on efforts to prevent and improve the nutritional condition of toddlers according to Saurina, 2016. Medical records are used as a reference in planning the service process or therapy for patients in carrying out further actions, so that the quality of health information is always maintained and continues to improve and is sustainable. It is necessary to have good management of medical records, organized the flow of the examination process so that on the Early Detection of Growth and Development (DDTK) form in the Hospital, there needs to be consideration for more detail, detail and structure in accordance with the reference provided by the local Health Office, no longer joining the general examination form. And it can be socialized used as it should be for the form to be more effective in establishing the diagnosis. This study aims to redesign the early detection form of growth and development (DDTK) in children at Muslimat Hospital. Research methods with a descriptive qualitative approach. Analyze existing forms to be added with references from DINKES, to facilitate the work of implementing officers (Medical Personnel) and medical record officers to be developed in a detailed and structured manner. It is hoped that the new DDTK form can facilitate the work of medical record officers and health workers.

Credible risk: private credit bureaus and the work of loan officers in West Africa

AbstractIn 2015, the Central Bank of West African States selected a private credit bureau to build a digital platform to collect and analyse financial data across the eight-country West African Economic and Monetary Union, including the activities of credit cooperatives and microfinance agencies that serve many West African borrowers. The credit-reporting platform promises to produce new and valuable knowledge about borrowers’ creditworthiness and risk. But valuable in what ways and for whom? Private credit bureaus rely on vast arrays of personal and financial data in order to produce credit reports and consumer credit scores that claim to represent the creditworthiness of individual borrowers. Cooperative loan officers, instead, understand creditworthiness to be highly variable and rely on relational metrics in order to determine risk as well as carefully overseeing existing loans to ensure their timely repayment. Based on ethnographic fieldwork with loan officers at a small-scale credit cooperative in Lomé, Togo, this article examines how the impending arrival of a private credit bureau and new credit-reporting technologies highlights the distinction between the ways in which credit bureaus and loan officers understand the nature of financial risk, as well as the centrality of loan officers and their management of borrower debt in sustaining the field of small-scale lending in Togo.

Repercussions on work, health and family relationships of police officers wounded by gunshot to the face.

This article aims to identify the profile of police officers who underwent surgery due to gunshot wounds to the face, to survey the anatomical distribution of injuries and the repercussions on their health, work and family relationships. We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study based on secondary data of police officers who underwent surgery at the Central Military Police Hospital of the state of Rio de Janeiro due to gunshot wounds to the face from June 2003 to December 2020 (N=87). We also adopted a qualitative approach by applying a questionnaire with open and closed questions (N=37) to survey repercussions of the violent event on police officers' work, families and health. The profile of police officers who underwent surgery showed that they were exclusively males, aged 34.9 years on average, privates, and injured in the line of duty. Fractures of the mandibular region were the most frequent injuries. After the accident, physical health conditions of police officers deteriorated, including an increase in cases of hypertension, a high frequency of insomnia (59.4%), and headache (51.3%). Damaged family relationship included an increasing trend of self-isolation and a feeling of fear experienced by police officers' family members.

Burnout & Work Engagement on the Front Lines: Public Service Motivation & Law Enforcement Officers

Drawing on job demands-resources theory, our study investigates the role of public service motivation can play maintaining high engagement and lowering the likelihood of burnout among frontline officers. Although there is extensive literature on how PSM affects public sector employees generally, less research looks at PSM and law enforcement officers especially in the U.S. As enforcement organizations continue to respond to respond to calls for improvements in accountability and expand their community engagement efforts, they must also take steps to guard officers against the emotional exhaustion and burnout associated with serving the public in difficult jobs and under high pressure and scrutiny. Using survey data collected from large state-level law enforcement organization at multiple time periods, we find consistent evidence supporting the expected positive association between PSM and officer work engagement. Contrary to our expectation, we also observe a weak positive relationship between PSM and reports of burnout among frontline officers in 2019 and no evidence of a relationship in 2021. These findings suggest that PSM can serve as a lever to improve officer engagement and that there may be potential conditions under which PSM may exacerbate rather than mitigate employee burnout.

중대재해처벌법에 대비한 건설현장의 스마트기술 활용방안에 대한 연구

This study proposed a plan to easily handle the work of safety management officer at construction sites by effectively performing safety management work at construction sites using smart technology in preparation for the Serious Accidents Punishment Act. As a result of analyzing the research trends of the Serious Accidents Punishment Act, it can be summarized into network analysis studies such as problems and improvement directions, countermeasures from subcontractors and small and medium-sized construction companies, site size, etc. The relationship between the detailed process of the construction site and smart technology, which is the core of this study, was found in the order of earthwork, steelwork, roof work, reinforced concrete work, window work, drainpipe metal work, civil work, and stone work. This means that when smart technology is applied, the response to serious accidents factors is relatively highly related, so it can be effectively managed. The definitive weight of smart technology for the detailed construction process was determined as the top items: earthworks, steelworks, roof works, 65%, reinforced concrete works 20%, window works 10%, drainpipe works 3%, and stone works 2%. Based on this, it can be prepared by applying the degree of input of smart technology to the detailed schedule of construction sites in order to increase the practical use of smart technology in preparation for the Severe Accidents Punishment Act.

In the Best Interests of the Child? Distinctions Between the Professional Orientations of Juvenile and Adult Probation and Parole Officers

Despite fundamental distinctions between the ideals of juvenile and criminal justice, little research has sought to establish the extent to which juvenile probation and parole officers’ orientations differ from those of their adult counterparts. Further, of the few studies that have explored this area of study, none have examined the role that organizational context may play in predicting professional orientation. Thus, this study aims to fill the gap in the literature by utilizing a sample of probation and parole officers drawn from three different types of agencies: juvenile-only supervision, adult-only supervision, and combined supervision. The results show that the system within which officers work is associated with professional orientation. Distinctions, however, are not as large or consistent as would be expected from strict adherence to the traditional ideals of the juvenile justice system versus the criminal justice system. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Understanding Who is Hired to Work in U.S. Prisons and Why it Matters: A Call for Research

ABSTRACT Despite the longstanding issues within the correctional officer occupation (e.g., high turnover, absenteeism), decades of research have tended to focus solely on the negative consequences of correctional officer work, rather than on the unique personal characteristics of the officers themselves. This omission is surprising as it is highly probable that each person experiences correctional work differently, with variation potentially hinging on the unique views and characteristics individuals bring with them to the job. Just as the “importation model” of prison adaptation recognizes the importance of pre-prison characteristics in explaining offender behavior, we argue that the unique personal experiences and social histories correctional officers import with them might shape the way they react to prison work. Thus, by thematically, descriptively, and multivariately examining three theoretically germane pre-prison work characteristics of 673 pre-service correctional officers (career motivations, attitudes toward prisoners, occupational histories), this call for research aims to raise awareness of the less studied factors within the correctional officer literature. Understanding the backgrounds and attitudes of newly hired correctional officers may potentially assist in the recruitment and retainment of these crucial employees in the prison system both in the United States and abroad.

Типичные следственные ситуации и алгоритмы выявления незаконной банковской деятельности с помощью мониторинга интернет-ресурсов

The article states that illegal banking activity, committed by means of criminal cashing out of funds, is only a link in the chain of a number of highly organized tax crimes, fraud (criminal VAT refunds, etc.), laundering of “dirty” money, corruption criminal attacks and a number of others. Their identification and investigation is most effective in typical investigative situations that develop in the process of proactive monitoring of Internet resources by operational officers and investigators. The article reveals 5 typical investigative situations of this kind and a number of identification algorithms, and hence the subsequent exposure of the perpetrators of illegal cashing. For example, in an investigative situation, when the subscriber number of the perpetrator of the criminal cashing out of funds was obtained during the monitoring of an Internet resource, the algorithm of the work of an operative officer should include an initiative search for personal data in instant messengers, the use of photo identification applications on the Internet, establishing an account in social networks and etc. The possibilities of specialized software systems that allow searching and systematizing information from online sources are analyzed. It is summarized that the efficiency of detecting, disclosing and investigating the analyzed crimes is inextricably linked with the proactive use of modern information technologies by investigators and operatives.

From the “Lavender Scare” to “Out and Equal”: LGBTQIA+ Diversity in the U.S. Intelligence Community

Like most formal organizations in the United States, the agencies in the Intelligence Community (IC) have historically comprised white men and reflected their stories and interests. In the last few decades, however, the agencies have made efforts to diversify the workforce along multiple dimensions of inequality. In response to these initiatives, researchers—to include the agencies themselves—have sought to understand and elevate the experiences of officers who identify outside of the white and male demographics, with race, ethnicity, and gender as the primary targets of these studies. In contrast, it is only in the last few years that the agencies have made efforts to increase the visibility and sense of belonging among the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual or ally, and other sexual and gender minorities (LGBTQIA+) population in the IC. LGBTQIA + intelligence officers work in a career with a particularly fraught history: it began with the so-called Lavender Scare in the 1950s—a period during which gay and lesbian government officers were considered security risks—and it was legal for them to be fired for this reason until 1995. With a short history marked by rapid change, research on this population has been relatively slow and scant to date. What do we know about the experiences of LGBTQIA + intelligence officers, and where do we go next? This article will consider these questions and explore opportunities and challenges that the structures and cultures of the IC present to the LGBTQIA + population.

Protecting us from the pandemic? Reframing the work of security officers in quarantine hotels in Australia

ABSTRACT This article examines the work and training of security officers employed by private security organisations for COVID-19 hotel quarantine contracts in Victoria, Australia. It reports on research fieldwork in the work of security officers and on analysis of training for the occupation. In March 2020, the occupation moved into the national spotlight, as the COVID-19 pandemic led to the use of hotel quarantine in Australia for travellers arriving from overseas. The employment conditions of, and inadequate training for, quarantine hotel security staff were found to be major contributors to a major COVID outbreak from July to September 2020. The article examines these developments in the light of the research findings about the nature of the security industry, particularly outsourcing and contracting issues, and the historic undervaluing of the work undertaken by security staff. These topics are especially important as security officers are increasingly used to support public security and safety.

‘You can’t un-see what you’ve seen’: An ex-prison officer's autoethnographic account of suicide and self-harm in a UK male adult prison

Internationally, prisons are challenging environments for officers and prisoners, and suicide and self-harm have ramifications for both parties. Suicide and self-harm in prison far exceed prevalence in the general population and officers experience many psychological and emotional impacts including distress, bereavement, guilt, shame, accountability, desensitisation and PTSD. This article explores relational and institutional dynamics and cultural expectations placed upon officers when dealing with suicide/self-harm. Prison officer culture can be limited in supporting officers around trauma and it can be perceived as stigmatising and a weakness to seek help. This article explores a former prison officer's experience of dealing with trauma around self-harm and suicide including the first experience of suicide, moral conflict and the impact of losing a colleague to suicide. I worked as a prison officer at a category ‘B’ local prison in the (UK) between 2003 and 2009 and kept a reflective journal during service. Drawing upon Autoethnography (AE), I seek to explore the lived experience of trauma from an ‘insider perspective’ using prison research to interpret retrospective accounts. Concepts around emotional labour, occupational morality and prison officer occupational culture/ socialisation are used to highlight the complexities of prison officer work around suicide/self-harm. The prison service (UK) needs to reduce stigma in officers who need help and support around mental health and coping with trauma, with strategies like peer support programmes, regular supervision/mandatory counselling and extensive debriefs to support officers in the aftermath of traumatic critical incidents.

Confidence in Their Craft: Assessing the Relationship Between Officer Work Experiences and Their Perceptions of Self-Efficacy

The detailed study of officer experience has received relatively little attention within the policing literature despite it being integral to nearly every facet of their role. Drawing on survey data ( N = 691 officers), the current study examines how the unique work experiences of officers (i.e., shifts, crime areas, duty assignments, in-service trainings) are related to their perceptions of confidence (i.e., self-efficacy) in the ability to perform different job-related tasks. Results revealed that more tenured officers, having worked a greater number of shifts, and those who completed increased in-service trainings had significantly higher confidence in performing both law enforcement and order-maintenance/service-oriented duties. Several other officer characteristics were also found to have varying levels of significance in relation to their confidence. Overall, the findings support the inclusion of more nuanced measures of officer experience, as well as the potential applicability of self-efficacy theory within policing research moving forward.

When in Rome: Local social norms and income differences

AbstractWe investigate whether social capital influences tournament incentives and income differences between the chief executive officer (CEO) and median worker. We find that firms headquartered in US counties with stronger norms of cooperation or social capital have lower tournament and income differences. Firm value is higher when compensation is consistent with local norms. The results hold for alternative measures of social capital, instrumental variables, and quasi‐experiments related to the legalization of marijuana and firm headquarter relocation. These findings suggest that local social norms influence income differences and firm performance.

Well-Being in Frontline Correctional Officers: A Mixed-Method Systematic Review

Correctional officers (COs) work in high-stress environments, frequently experience critical incidents and have shown high levels of burnout. The current review synthesizes and evaluates literature on determinants of CO well-being. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute approach for mixed-method systematic reviews. Eligible studies measured subjective or psychological well-being in frontline COs. Studies of disorder absence or nonfrontline COs or associated professions were excluded. Searches of psychology and criminal justice databases including PsycINFO (EBSCOhost) and Criminal Justice (ProQuest) were completed in June 2021, and data were synthesized using a convergent segregated approach. A total of 29 studies were included and explored individual, interpersonal, and organizational determinants of well-being. Key themes identified by thematic synthesis of qualitative research included job satisfaction, personal growth, and coping. COs can experience well-being, however, further research into determinants of CO well-being is required.

Poiskovaya deyatel'nost' pravo­ ohranitel'nyh organov na zare stanovleniya rossijskoj gosudarstvennosti

The article discusses the process of formation of the institution of detection of crimes and persons committing them at the dawn of the formation of Russian statehood. Consideration of this process through the prism of the socio-historical environment in which the development of Russian society took place made it possible to identify the patterns of its development. The study showed that the process of establishing the institution of search activities has gone through several stages of its development from elementary methods to covert search activities based on the work of professional police officers, enshrined in regulatory legal acts.

MANAGEMENT PROCESS OF THE COMMUNAL POLICE OF THE CITY OF ZAJECAR

Communal systems, as organizational units within local self-governments, are important factors in the organizational and executive structure of modern administration. Management has an important role with its supporting structures (finance and human resources) in every economy and business of the organization. Managing communal police is a difficult and demanding job, which requires a lot of knowledge, skills, understanding and experience in working with people. In practice as well as scientific research on work, it has been shown that joint work is always more efficient and effective than individual work. Numerous management theories have contributed, each in its own way, to improving the understanding of the factors that affect the efficiency of the organization as well as the motivation and satisfaction of employees on whom business efficiency directly depends. Since the work of communal police officers is work in pairs or in groups, the important role of the manager is to organize communal police officers and focus on solving the set tasks. As far as the authors know, there is no research regarding management process of the communal police in Serbia, therefore, the main goal of the paper is to present the management process of the communal police of the City of Zaječar.

Trend and Identification Analysis of Anti-investigation Behavior in Crime by Machine Learning Fusion Algorithm

In recent years, people’s living standards have gradually improved, and informatization has brought convenience, but it has also led to many criminal cases. Because the criminals’ criminal methods are diverse and constantly renovated, this feature is very prominent, and the illegal activities on the Internet are becoming more and more intense. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the trend and identification of anti-investigation behavior in crime. The purpose of this paper is to study how to use machine learning fusion algorithms in the trend and identification of anti-investigation behavior in crime. This paper proposes a machine learning fusion algorithm and the basic conceptual knowledge of anti-investigation behavior in crime. The experimental results of this paper show that with the increasing number of criminal incidents, criminals’ means of committing crimes have also been improved. The anti-investigation capabilities of criminals have also become more sophisticated, which makes the work of law enforcement officers more difficult. The anti-investigation behavior of criminals in crime has many characteristics, among which the concealment reaches 54%-68%, and the virtuality reaches 68%-79%. It can be seen that the characteristics of criminals’ anti-investigation behavior provide a wider space for criminals to commit crimes. The advantage of the machine fusion algorithm is that the classification rules generated are easy to understand and have high accuracy, so it is very suitable for the classification and identification of anti-investigation behaviors in crimes. Therefore, it is urgent to use machine fusion algorithms to identify them.

Animal Protection, Law Enforcement, and Occupational Health: Qualitative Action Research Highlights the Urgency of Relational Coordination in a Medico-Legal Borderland.

Simple SummaryIn this article, we report on action research in the Canadian province of Alberta, based on forging alliances with officers who enforce federal, provincial, and municipal legislation involving animals. Some of these officers worked in rural areas, and others worked in urban areas. Some mainly enforced Alberta’s Animal Protection Act, while a few specialized in enforcing Canada’s Criminal Code. For the most part, however, participating officers had a mandate to enforce animal-related local bylaws. Such ordinances or rulebooks exist because Alberta’s Municipal Government Act allows local councils to enact legislation regarding domestic and wild animals, particularly as regards people’s health, property, safety, and welfare. Many professionals refer to policies such as these, which are deeply rooted in the western legal tradition, such as “animal control.” Our findings illuminate how animal-control policies and personnel can help to protect domesticated animals, not just people. Even so, our research highlights that animal-control policies as well as animal-protection policies routinely fail to protect officers who enforce legislation involving animals. Furthermore, whenever officers who enforce legislation involving animals work in unsafe conditions, this endangers human as well as non-human lives.Across Canada and internationally, laws exist to protect animals and to stop them from becoming public nuisances and threats. The work of officers who enforce local bylaws protects both domestic animals and humans. Despite the importance of this work, research in this area is emergent, but growing. We conducted research with officers mandated to enforce legislation involving animals, with a focus on local bylaw enforcement in the province of Alberta, Canada, which includes the city of Calgary. Some experts regard Calgary as a “model city” for inter-agency collaboration. Based on partnerships with front-line officers, managers, and professional associations in a qualitative multiple-case study, this action-research project evolved towards advocacy for occupational health and safety. Participating officers spoke about the societal benefits of their work with pride, and they presented multiple examples to illustrate how local bylaw enforcement contributes to public safety and community wellbeing. Alarmingly, however, these officers consistently reported resource inadequacies, communication and information gaps, and a culture of normalized disrespect. These findings connect to the concept of “medico-legal borderlands,” which became central to this study. As this project unfolded, we seized upon opportunities to improve the officers’ working conditions, including the potential of relational coordination to promote the best practices.