Work Of Miller Research Articles

On the marketing of IPOs

Derrien [2005. Journal of Finance 60, 487–521] and Ljungqvist et al. [2006. Journal of Business] build upon the work of Miller [1977. Journal of Finance 32, 1151–1168] and claim that issuers and the regular customers of investment bankers benefit from the presence of sentiment investors (noise traders) in the market for an initial public offering (IPO). Thus we argue that investment bankers have an incentive to promote an IPO to induce sentiment investors into the market for it. Consistent with this motivation and these models, we expect that the promotional efforts of investment bankers should influence the compensation of investment bankers, the valuation of an IPO, its initial returns and trading, the wealth gains of insider shareholders, and the likelihood that an issuer switches investment bankers for a subsequent seasoned equity offering. Examining data for a sample of IPOs from 1993 through 2000, we find evidence consistent with these predictions and so with the proposition that an investment banker's ability to market an IPO to sentiment investors is important.

Arthur Miller: a playwright's life and works

A timely concise biography of Arthur Miller, one of the most highly regarded and widely performed playwrights of the 20th century, whose classics of modern theatre have enthusiastic audiences all over the world. Enoch Brater follows Miller's career from his prizewinning student days, through the phenomenal success of his 1949 drama Death of a Salesman, to his marriage to Marilyn Monroe and beyond. Supported by a wide selection of personal and public photographs, this is an affectionate, understanding and informed study of the late Miller's life and works.

On the Marketing of IPOs

Derrien (2005) and Ljungqvist, Nanda, and Singh (2003) build upon the work of Miller (1977) and claim that issuers and the regular customers of investment bankers benefit from the presence of sentiment investors (noise traders) in the market for an IPO. Thus we argue that investment bankers have an incentive to promote an IPO in order to induce sentiment investors into the market for it. Consistent with this motivation and these models, we expect that the promotional efforts of investment bankers should influence the compensation of investment bankers, the valuation of an IPO, its initial returns and trading, the wealth gains of inside shareholders, and the likelihood that an issuer switches investment bankers for a subsequent seasoned equity offering. Examining data for a sample of IPOs from 1993 through 2000, we find evidence consistent with these predictions, and so with the proposition that an investment banker's ability to market an IPO to sentiment investors is important.

Life after Derrida: Anacoluthia and the Agrammaticality of Following

AbstractWritten on Derrida's "'Le Parjure,' Perhaps: Storytelling and Lying," this essay takes the concept of the anacoluthon from Derrida's text (as he has done from J. Hillis Miller, as he did from Proust) and—commenting on the figure of the woman in this male lineage—further invents the concept of the anacoluthon by demonstrating how its formal linguistic definition provides a model for the event of reading and writing—of thinking—that Derrida so admires in Hillis Miller's work and practices in his own. By employing this same reading practice in its own thinking, this essay does not respond to Derrida's death in mourning, nor in thinking about mourning, but in the memory of thought. Produced out of Derrida's work, the essay remains faithful to him only by simultaneously being faithful and unfaithful, thereby enacting the agrammaticality of following represented in and by the anacoluthon.

Arthur Miller: A Critical Study (review)

Reviewed by: Arthur Miller: A Critical Study Jeffrey D. Mason Christopher Bigsby . Arthur Miller: A Critical Study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Pp. 514. £19.99/ $29.99 (Pb); £60/ $85 (Hb). For over four decades, the core of Arthur Miller scholarship has consisted of a number of book-length studies entitled Arthur Miller (with occasional subtitles), each seeking to treat all of his plays to date, sometimes with commentary on his other writings. Authors have included Dennis Welland (1961, 1979, 1983. , and 1985), Sheila Huftel (1965), Edward Murray (1967), Leonard Moss (1967, 1980), Benjamin Nelson (1970), Ronald Hayman (1970, 1972), Neil Carson (1982), and June Schlueter and James K. Flanagan (1987). Others have covered Miller's oeuvre with edited collections of essays: Robert W. Corrigan (1969), James J. Martine (1979), Robert A. Martin (1982), Harold Bloom (1987), Steven R. Centola (1995), and Harold Bloom again (2000). Christopher Bigsby offers a new entry, eighteen years after Schlueter and Flanagan, and brings his own considerable work on Miller to a culmination, with the magisterial Arthur Miller: A Critical Study. Bigsby treated Miller in Confrontation and Commitment (1967), the second volume of A Critical Introduction to Twentieth-Century American Drama (1984), and Modern American Drama, 1945–2000 (2000), and he edited both Arthur Miller and Company (1990) and The Cambridge Companion to Arthur Miller (1997). In brief, Bigsby offers a close reading of every one of Miller's fictional works, ranging from the well-known and much-studied plays produced between 1947 and 1968 (All My Sons to The Price) to the short stories and unpublished early plays. He unpacks characters, story, action, and ideas, sometimes referring to choices in prominent productions and commenting on their critical reception. He organizes the material chronologically (following [End Page 609] the example of every one of the Miller studies mentioned above), interrupting the flow only to insert, at appropriate points, chapters on special topics: Miller's use of time and history in relation to the American experience, tragedy in Miller, the problem of creating literature in response to the Holocaust, and Miller as a Jewish writer. The through line is Miller himself. Bigsby becomes his virtual Boswell, explicating not the playwright's life (although including connecting narratives to trace his career from play to play) as much as his work and his working process. Whenever possible, Bigsby returns to unpublished drafts of the plays in order to explain Miller's choices, sifts through the playwright's notebooks, and cites Miller's own comments on shaping the material. Clearly, Bigsby sees the plays not as isolated phenomena but as the careful expressions of one man's developing sensibility, and that man's mind provides the connecting thread that gives a logic to the whole. Those who know Bigsby as an American studies scholar, as the author of works on Albee, Mamet, and many others, will not be surprised that he draws multiple connections between Miller and other writers. For example, the chapter on Death of a Salesman refers to Mark Twain's The Gilded Age, Theodore Dreiser's Sister Carrie, John Updike's Angstrom novels, Eugene O'Neill's The Iceman Cometh, Tennessee Williams' A Streetcar Named Desire, William Inge's The Dark at the Top of the Stairs, David Mamet's Glengarry Glen Ross, William Faulkner's Light in August, Henry James, Erich Fromm's The Art of Loving, Benjamin Franklin, Horatio Alger, Jr., Friedrich Nietzsche, F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, Albert Camus, Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot and Krapp's Last Tape, and Miguel de Unamuno. Bigsby's approach suggests that we can best understand Miller's work by considering its relationships with other literature. Bigsby draws on impressive resources and on his ongoing contact with Miller himself (apparently initiated some time in the 1970s). He cites at least seven personal interviews with Miller, refers to unpublished texts held at the University of Michigan and the University of Texas at Austin, and quotes from typescripts of unpublished works that Miller made available to him (Resurrection Blues, Finishing the Picture, "The Turpentine Still," and the novel version of The Man Who Had All the Luck). Bigsby does not engage with the scholarly...

A resolution of the K(2)-local sphere at the prime 3

We develop a framework for displaying the stable homotopy theory of the sphere, at least after localization at the second Morava K-theory K(2). At the prime 3, we write the spectrum LK(2)S 0 as the inverse limit of a tower of fibrations with four layers. The successive fibers are of the form E hF where F is a finite subgroup of the Morava stabilizer group and E2 is the second Morava or Lubin-Tate homology theory. We give explicit calculation of the homotopy groups of these fibers. The case n =2a tp = 3 represents the edge of our current knowledge: n = 1 is classical and at n = 2, the prime 3 is the largest prime where the Morava stabilizer group has a p-torsion subgroup, so that the homotopy theory is not entirely algebraic. The problem of understanding the homotopy groups of spheres has been central to algebraic topology ever since the field emerged as a distinct area of mathematics. A period of calculation beginning with Serre’s computation of the cohomology of Eilenberg-MacLane spaces and the advent of the Adams spectral sequence culminated, in the late 1970s, with the work of Miller, Ravenel, and Wilson on periodic phenomena in the homotopy groups of spheres and Ravenel’s nilpotence conjectures. The solutions to most of these conjectures by Devinatz, Hopkins, and Smith in the middle 1980s established the primacy of the “chromatic” point of view and there followed a period in which the community absorbed these results and extended the qualitative picture of stable homotopy theory. Computations passed from center stage, to some extent, although there has been steady work in the wings – most notably by Shimomura and his coworkers, and Ravenel, and more lately by Hopkins and

Acts of Narrative (review)

Reviewed by: Acts of Narrative Michael O'Sullivan Carol Jacobs and Henry Sussman, eds. Acts of Narrative. Stanford: U of Stanford P, 2003. xx + 273 pp. While this remarkable collection of essays dedicated to J. Hillis Miller shies away from any categorical definition of narrative, its illustrious contributors are so steeped in narrative kudos that any collection they produce instantaneously alters narrative's field of inspection. Jacobs informs us in her preface that "[n]arrative, if we are to believe what follows, is everywhere" (ix); individual essays have not been included solely because they explicitly discuss narrative, but because "they themselves would also be narrative acts" (x). The thirteen essays of the collection can very loosely be separated into essays that emphasize the form, psychology, and cross-disciplinary potential of narrative. Henry Sussman's "J. Hillis Miller and the Task of the Critic" begins by lauding Miller as a model of the "authentic critic" (14). In Miller's career trajectory from the "phenomenological gauging of texts" to the "extreme positionality" of "rhetorical criticism" (13), what has remained a constant, for Sussman, is his vulnerability to "a set of occasions" that, once mediated by a critic such as Miller, become both evidence for the critic's "self-education" and "momentous occasions in the cultural engagement of an entire readership" (12). One feels, however, that Sussman's homage knows no bounds when he refers to Miller's writing as "grander than the literary production of Proust" (9) and to the people who read Miller as an "inchoate, invisible mass" that has "made itself susceptible to the critic" (14). Dan Shen's "Difference Behind Similarity: Focalisation in Third-Person Center-of-Consciousness and First-Person Retrospective Narration" and Nicholas Royle's "The 'Telepathy Effect': Notes toward a Reconsideration of Narrative Fiction" are the most strictly formal essays of the collection. In drawing a distinction between "Western" and Chinese "traditions of novelistic criticism," Shen wishes to present a "more balanced" account of the relation between "focalisations in [End Page 724] third-person centre of consciousness and first-person retrospective narration." She argues that the "essential similarity in focalization" between these two modes does not imply identity. There is always a coexistence of the retrospective perspective and the "the moment of experience" in the first person mode, and each mode also gives a different "rhetorical effect" through its handling of "personal reference" (92). Nicholas Royle questions the validity of omniscience and point of view as narrative staples. For him, the term "omniscience" is misleading as it promotes "a thinking of the 'world' of narrative fiction as holistic, unified, and closed" (96). He introduces the term "telepathy" as a form of communication that disregards the "known channels of the senses" (99). He also discredits "point of view" as a "visual metaphor" that has worked to "negate the importance of voice" in narrative theory (101). Royle reveals the metaphoric nature of narrative terminology, and yet it is unlikely that his own suggestion to embrace a "critical vocabulary" developed around a Derridean "telepathic reality of being-two-to-speak" would prove any more successful (103, 109). Dressing narrative investigation up in the language of extrasensory perception may lead readers to eschew their gut reaction in favor of uncritical clairvoyance. Tom Cohen's and Alan Liu's essays imaginatively rework readings in narrative form. Cohen's erudite and expansive "Trackings" redeploys what is a central concern of Miller's work: how "the protocols of a 'reading' might turn against themselves," "if memory were to track 'tracking' itself" thereby "opening the pre-recordings, momentarily or virtually, to disincription" (110). Cohen's vertiginous essay moves from Miller's tracing of the "black hole" in his reading of Faulkner's Go Down, Moses to his own "act of narrative" that seeks to uncover both a "preoriginary domain of the 'aesthetic'" (122) and a reading that would be "prior to phenomenalized thinking" (126), a thinking that has dogged literary studies for much of the twentieth century. These spaces open up for the reader what Cohen refers to as an agency for "renetworking the telemnemonics of scriptive legacies" (129). Such "information age" rhetoric is echoed in Alan Liu's "Sidney's Technology: A Critique...

High-Dosage Vitamin E Supplementation and All-Cause Mortality

The work of Miller et al(1) highlights the danger of assuming the safety of high dose vitamin E in the absence of definitive long-term safety Its impact, however, may be mitigated, by methodological concerns. The first issue is the restrictive inclusion criteria stipulating that a trial have at least 10 deaths to be included in the meta-analysis, apparently because the authors anticipated that many small trials did not collect mortality data. This exclusion contradicts the raison d'e tre of meta-analysis, which involves the statistical pooling of multiple trials that individually have inadequate statistical power. The exclusion of at least 3 reasonably large well-conducted trials(2-4) of high dose vitamin E in which fewer than 10 deaths occurred, while including only trials meeting this arbitrary cut-off, would spuriously increase the power of the meta-analysis. We would also be interested in the funnel plot analysis to determine whether publication bias affected the study results. Although the authors attempted to adjust for average follow-up in their analysis, a more robust statistical treatment of the variance in follow-up periods across included trials would be to express the summary statistic of pooled death risk as the number of deaths per 10, 000 person- year (as opposed to per 10, 000 persons). Heterogeneity in the study populations may not have been fully accounted for despite the use of the random effects model and dosage differentiation. In particular, cardiovascular disease (CVD) may constitute a select group at distinct risk from the effects of high dose vitamin E. Seven of the eight high-dosage trials showing harmful effects of vitamin E involve subjects with vascular risk factors or who had established CVD. In contrast, the DATATOP and ADCS studies utilised mega- doses of vitamin E (2000 IU/day) in individuals with neurodegenerative disorders, rather than CVD, but did not reveal safety concerns with vitamin E. A separate meta-analysis looking solely at the group of neurodegenerative diseases (including a recent study employing 5000 mg/day of vitamin E(5)) may be warranted. Although the focus of the Miller et al study may be on safety, the data ultimately challenges the advocates of high dose vitamin E to re- examine the evidence for its benefit. Efficacy from controlled trials ranges from minimal to modest, in contrast to the more positive results of observational studies. It is time clinicians return to the drawing board and review both the safety and efficacy data for vitamin E supplementation to determine their practice.

Does Capital Structure Matter? Revisiting Modigliani and Miller's Empirical Work Using Latin American and North American Data

ABSTRACT Modigliani and Miller (M-M) performed the first empirical test of their capital structure irrelevance propositions in 1958. Their results confirmed the irrelevance hypothesis. In this paper, the M-M tests are replicated with contemporary data from Latin American and North American firms, but with two fundamental differences from M-M's original work: (a) the CAPM is used for estimating the cost of a firm's equity and (b) fuller specifications for the empirical models are adopted in order to improve their statistical quality. The results do not lend support to M-M's 1958 model, but are in line with their corrected 1963 propositions. RESUMEN.En 1958, Modigliani y Miller (M-M) realizaron el primer ensayo empírico sobre la irrelevancia de las propuestas sobre la estructura de capital. Sus resultados confirman la hipótesis de su poca importancia. En este estudio, los ensayos M-M se reprodujeron utilizando los datos contemporáneos obtenidos de empresas latinoamericanas y norteamericanas usando, sin embargo, dos diferencias esenciales del trabajo original realizado por M-M: (a) el CAPM se utiliza para estimar el costo del capital social de una empresa y (b) para mejorar la calidad estadística se han adoptado especificaciones más amplias para los modelos empíricos. Los resultados no respaldan el modelo M-M de 1958, pero se encuentran alineados con las propuestas corregidas en 1963. RESUMO:Modigliani e Miller (M-M) apresentaram o primeiro ensaio empírico de suas proposições sobre a irrelevância da estrutura do capital em 1958. Os resultados confirmaram a irrelevância da hipótese. Neste estudo, os ensaios de M-M são reproduzidos com dados contemporâneos das empresas da América Latina e da América do Norte, mas com duas diferenças fundamentais do seu trabalho original: (a) o CAPM é utilizado para estimar o custo do capital social de uma empresa e (b) especificações mais completas dos modelos empíricos são adotadas para melhorar a sua qualidade estatística. Os resultados não sustentam o modelo de M-M de 1958, mas estão de acordo com as suas proposições revistas de 1963.

To See Feelingly: Moral (In)sight in Arthur Miller's Homely Girl, A Life and Broken Glass

In two recent works of Holocaust literature that harken back to his earliest fiction, Arthur Miller explores ways of reading the text of the Jewish body—already always marked and stigmatized as Other—that resist further objectification and see beyond difference to empathetic identification. In doing so, he poses the question of whether, in order to live ethically, one must somehow necessarily (re)construct the self as Other. In Homely Girl, A Life, only when Janice is seen "feelingly" by her blind husband Charles can she be liberated and made whole, while in Broken Glass, seeing traumatic photographs of the victims of Kristallnacht causes a "felt" paralysis in Sylvia. By looking at Miller's work through the lens of Maurice Blanchot's and Emmanuel Levinas's ethical notions of "being-for" and "responsibility-to-the-other," Miller's authorial role as witness and his imperative that the reader and audience become witness as well are brought into sharper focus.

One

“One” argues that the structural problem of the relation of zero to one has always been a presiding concern in Miller's work. It shows what is at stake in the problematic figure of the zero through a philosophical consideration of foundations for criticism, and relates this thinking to the issue of the foundational grounds for the historical event. Using the literary examples of Joyce and of Wyss, and the philosophy of Pascal, de Man and Frege, the paper argues that the real drive in Miller is towards a specific form of democratic criticism.

Nothing Matters

This essay reads Miller reading literature and zero, zero in literature, tracing how a doubling at the heart of zero is echoed in Miller's work. Miller's fascination and engagement with literature as otherness invokes the ambiguity of the sign O, sharing its figure with a figure that isn't a figure, impossibly at once letter and numeral, now converging in Miller's text on zero in literature. Literature, like zero, like the lover, like the Other, incessantly invites analysis only to elude understanding. Nothing matters because it is a place of slippage, playfully unsettling our most deeply ingrained beliefs.

The Temptation of Innocence in the Dramas of Arthur Miller

For more than fifty years Arthur Miller has been a dramatist. He has been a chronicler of American culture, which he has both celebrated and criticized. The Temptation of Innocence in the Dramas of Arthur Miller examines all of Miller's plays, from his unpublished undergraduate dramas written at the University of Michigan to Mr. Peter's Connections, his last performed play. Terry Otten offers a broad critical review and assessment of Miller's plays in light of the major revival of Miller's work in the past decade and a growing critical reassessment of his work by the scholarly community. Focusing on the temptation of innocence, a recurrent theme in Miller's work, Otten explores the conflict between innocence and personal responsibility from such widely acclaimed early plays as Death of a Salesman, which forges a tragedy of the common man, to his later, near postmodern texts, which treat memory in very different ways. Still locating the presentness of the past as a center of meaning in characters who follow Willy Loman, Miller continues to investigate the role innocence plays in the lives of his more modern characters. Otten contends that, for over a half century, Miller examined the relationship between self and society in remarkably consistent terms while adapting his art to contemporary changes in concepts of reality. Fully documented and thoroughly researched, this book will prove a valuable source for later studies of Miller and a standard reference for examining the entire range of the plays. Otten avoids critical jargon, making this book an appealing choice for a general audience interested in literature and American culture.

Determinants of Dividend Policy: The Case of Kuwait

Ever since the work of John Lintner (1956), followed by the work of Miller and Modigliani (1961), dividend policy remains a controversial issue. Some of the questions that remain unanswered include: Does dividend policy affect value? What are the factors that determine dividend policy? Is dividend policy determined dependently or independently? A comprehensive survey project on dividend policy in Kuwait was conducted and two papers were produced. The first paper focused on the relationship of dividend policy to investment and financing policies, see Al‐ Deehani and Al‐Loughani (2002). This paper is a part of that project. It presents empirical effort to the area of dividend policy determinants in Kuwait as an emerging market. Based upon a result of a questionnaire survey, the paper will highlight (1) top management’s perception of value‐relevant and value‐irrelevant determinants of dividend policy, and (2) determine whether managers in different industries share similar views about these determinants. The paper is organized in the following manner: first the determinants of dividend policy are discussed through a review of the relevant literature. This is followed by the research methods stating the issues of concern to this study. The remainder of the paper discusses the results through the analysis of managers’ perceptions of determinants and a cross‐sectional analysis. The paper ends with a summary and the conclusions drawn from the study.

Identity and Agonism: Tim Miller, Cornerstone, and the Politics of Community-Based Theatre

Drawing on the theories of Antonio Gramsci, Jill Dolan, and Chantal Mouffe, the author argues that certain community-based theatre practices--specifically those exemplified by Tim Miller and Cornerstone Theater Company--are modifying traditional models of political theatre. Miller's work identifies and mobilizes politically active communities based on affective rather than essential commonalities. At the same time, Cornerstone's rehearsal process models a means of staging and valuing disagreements and tensions that inevitably arise between such political/communal identifications.

The Slavery Hypertension Hypothesis: The Authors Respond

The Slavery Hypertension Hypothesis: The Authors Respond

Scientific Forestry and the Roots of the Modern American State: Gifford Pinchot's Path to Progressive Reform

Gifford Pinchot was the Progressive Era's Forrest Gump. When it came to the politics of conservation, he was everywhere. Pinchot was the youngest member of the National Forest Commission in 1896. He directed the Division of Forestry (later the Forest Service) from 1898 through 1910. Pinchot engineered the transfer of the national forests from the Department of Interior to the Department of Agriculture, where his Forest Service was based. He actively managed those forests, even when this entailed fierce battles with western interests. Pinchot battled Secretary of the Interior Richard A. Ballinger over the future of conservation in the Taft administration. He insisted that the nation's natural resources be used productively, even at the expense of damming the Hetch Hetchy Valley to provide water to the city of San Francisco. No wonder that Pinchot is a central figure for environmental and political historians alike. Illuminating a powerful new current in environmental history that treats humans as essential parts of nature, Char Miller's recently published Gifford Pinchot and the Making of Modern Environmentalism portrays Pinchot at ease in both the utilitarian world as well as the world of trees, streams, and wildlife. Miller's work offers a promising route out of the conservation versus preservation dichotomy that once structured the work of environmental historians examining the Progressive Era.' Complementing Miller's contributions to environmental history, this article reconsiders the political ground that Pinchot stood on when he launched his career in the late nineteenth century. William Cronon has summed up Pinchot's current political profile best in a synthetic essay written for The Oxford History of the American West Pinchot spearheaded a drive to convert public land policy from one that sought first and foremost to disperse public holdings to private interests to a policy that sought to retain, conserve, and manage the public land. To achieve this, Cronon writes, Pinchot turned to a new body of knowledge-scientific for-

L'“Evangelio”: Pentecôtisme Indigène dans le Chaco Argentin

After Elmer Miller's classic work on Toba Pentecostalism appeared in the early 1960s, studies of the emergence of indigenous churches in the Gran Chaco region of Argentina began to multiply. This interest led researchers to identify a number of socio-religious phenomena in connection with anthropology in the Chaco region, suggesting new themes and new conceptual approaches. The author synthesizes some of the main theoretical trends developed for the purpose of analyzing these phenomena and the conceptual challenges and problems to which they have given rise. He also describes the main questions addressed since 1954, including the relations between Christianity and shamanism, indigenous interpretations of the Bible, discourse, temporality and historicity, and the connections between myth and history. Finally, the author outlines possible directions for research within the wider perspective of religious studies in an intercultural context.

AN INTERVIEW WITH FRANCO MODIGLIANI

Franco Modigliani's contributions in economics and finance have transformed both fields. Although many other major contributions in those fields have come and gone, Modigliani's contributions seem to grow in importance with time. His famous 1944 article on liquidity preference has not only remained required reading for generations of Keynesian economists but has become part of the vocabulary of all economists. The implications of the life-cycle hypothesis of consumption and saving provided the primary motivation for the incorporation of finite lifetime models into macroeconomics and had a seminal role in the growth in macroeconomics of the overlapping generations approach to modeling of Allais, Samuelson, and Diamond. Modigliani and Miller's work on the cost of capital transformed corporate finance and deeply influenced subsequent research on investment, capital asset pricing, and recent research on derivatives. Modigliani received the Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics in 1985.In macroeconomic policy, Modigliani has remained influential on two continents. In the United States, he played a central role in the creation of a the Federal Reserve System's large-scale quarterly macroeconometric model, and he frequently participated in the semiannual meetings of academic consultants to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System in Washington, D.C. His visibility in European policy matters is most evident in Italy, where nearly everyone seems to know him as a celebrity, from his frequent appearances in the media. In the rest of Europe, his visibility has been enhanced by his publication, with a group of distinguished European and American economists, of “An Economists' Manifesto on Unemployment in the European Union,” which was signed by a number of famous economists and endorsed by several others.This interview was conducted in two parts on different dates in two different locations, and later unified. The initial interview was conducted by Robert Solow at Modigliani's vacation home in Martha's Vineyard. Following the transcription of the tape from that interview, the rest of the interview was conducted by William Barnett in Modigliani's apartment on the top floor of a high-rise building overlooking the Charles River near Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Those concluding parts of the interview in Cambridge continued for the two days of November 5–6, 1999 with breaks for lunch and for the excellent espresso coffee prepared by Modigliani in an elaborate machine that would be owned only by someone who takes fine coffee seriously.Although the impact that Modigliani has had on the economics and finance professions is clear to all members of those professions, only his students can understand the inspiration that he has provided to them. However, that may have been adequately reflected by Robert Shiller at Yale University in correspondence regarding this interview, when he referred to Modigliani as: “my hero.”

Inconsistent Individual Attitudes within Consistent Attitudinal Structures: Comments on an Important Issue Raised by John Bartle's Paper on Causal Modelling of Voting in Britain

In a recent article in this journal, John Bartle, has extended work on British voting behaviour by testing the ‘funnel of causation model’ associated with the work of Miller and Shanks. He reported that left–right positions were important determinants of voters' party choices at the 1992 general election, and that these could only partly be linked to social class. John Bartle, ‘Left–Right Position Matters, But Does Social Class? Causal Models of the 1992 British General Elction’, British Journal of Political Science, 28 (1998), 501–29. The key works by Miller and Shanks, on which he draws, include Warren E. Miller and J. Merrill Shanks, The New American Voter (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1996).