Western Siberia Region Research Articles

Geological structure of the Malyshevka Formation of the northeastern regions of Western Siberia according to the complex of geological and geophysical data

Data on the geological structure of the Malyshevka Formation in the northeastern regions of Western Siberia in the Gydan and western parts of the Yenisei–Khatanga oil and gas regions are presented. Based on the results of dissection of the Middle Jurassic deposits, three main types of section of the Malyshevka Formation were identified. Zoning of the suite by section type is proposed. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the wave pattern of the Jurassic section on a series of temporal seismic profiles, well geophysical data, and faunal determinations, a detailed correlation of Middle Jurassic sediments was performed. Based on the results of the work, a seismogeological model of the Malyshevka Formation of the northeastern regions of Western Siberia was built, which made it possible to resolve controversial issues regarding its volumes in the southern part of the Gydan Peninsula.

Distribution of stable Н, О and С isotopes in natural waters in the area of the Taz oil and gas condensate field (Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region)

Relevance. The study of isotopic composition of water and dissolved substances makes it possible to determine not only their genesis, but also the fractionation processes occurring in the “water–rock–gas–organic matter” system over time, i. e. as different stages of the evolution of water composition pass through. Interest in the groundwater of the Arctic regions of Western Siberia is additionally associated with the widespread occurrence of oil deposits at the depths of formation waters and the possible influence of cryogenic metamorphization processes on composition of near-surface waters. Aim. To study and compare the isotopic composition of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon in natural waters of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region to identify conditional isotopic markers, as well as to be able to trace the evolution of the isotopic composition of waters along a vertical section in the area of the Taz oil and gas condensate field. Objects. Surface (river, soil and lake), underground waters of the active water exchange zone of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region and formation waters of oil and gas deposits of the Taz field. Methods. The study of the isotopic composition of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon of water-dissolved carbon dioxide was carried out in the Research Equipment Sharing Center at the Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS using Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer FinniganTM MAT 253 equipped with H/Device and GasBench II for sample preparation. Results and conclusions. The paper introduces the data on isotopic composition of O, H and C for natural waters of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region. The authors have determined the characteristic trends in changes in the isotopic composition of water and dissolved carbon dioxide for various water bodies. Surface and underground waters with active water exchange in terms of isotopic composition (δD and δ18О) are infiltration. As water moves down the section, with an increase in the time of interaction of the “water–rock” system and increase in temperatures, the isotopic composition becomes significantly heavier with a slope from the GMWL to the right. The authors compiled the diagram of the evolution of water-dissolved carbon isotopic composition in the region according to the obtained and some literature data. Despite the wide range of δ13C values from –30.4 to 23.6 ‰, there are, obviously, only two sources of carbon dioxide in the region: biogenic and atmospheric, with biogenic being predominant for groundwater.

Evolution of the composition of Н, О and C stable isotopes in the groundwaters of oil and gas bearing sediments in the northern regions of West Siberia

The results of a study of the isotopic composition of oxygen and hydrogen of groundwater and dissolved inorganic carbon in oil and gas deposits of the northern regions of Western Siberia, covering a wide stratigraphic range – Mesozoic and Paleozoic are presented. The obtained values are very diverse, covering the intervals from –120 to –50‰ (δD) and from –17 to –2‰ (δ18O). Such a variable isotopic composition of waters indicates the absence of a unified mechanism for the accumulation of waters and their transformation during the geological evolution of the West Siberian sedimentary basin. The main feature of most of the studied waters is the pronounced values of oxygen isotope shifts relative to GMWL, which generally increase with the age of water-bearing deposits and reach 9‰, which indicates their ancient sedimentary origin. Variations in the isotopic composition of DIC (from –51.8 to +21.8‰) and its content in waters (from 0.2 to 38.6 mmol/I) indicate a wide range of water burial conditions and processes involved in the conversion of water-soluble carbon dioxide. A general pattern of changes in the isotopic composition of carbon in CO2 with time, expressed in general form by damped oscillations of the “isotope oscillator”, is revealed. A model of transformation of the carbon isotope composition in carbon dioxide in the closed cycle “atmosphere-soils-deep aquifers” for oil and gas deposits of the northern regions of Western Siberia based on the obtained isotope data is proposed.

PALEOFACIES — BASIS OF RESERVOIR DEVELOPMENT DESIGN

Apt-Alb-Cenomanian age rocks (K1a-al + K2s) within the northern part of the West Siberian oil and gas province (OGP) are the main commercial gas production target in the Russian Federation. However, at present there are certain prerequisites and significant reserves to increase the raw hydrocarbon base and gas production in the central regions of Western Siberia. For further study of the geological structure of these sediments in order to assess their oil and gas potential, it is necessary to set up and carry out complex geological, geophysical and special studies (including sedimentological identification of sediments, detailed reconstruction of paleogeographic sedimentation settings, paleofacial analysis of rocks, petrophysical support of the works). This will make it possible to increase the accuracy and reliability of the planned works on oil and gas prospecting and exploration, as well as to carry out a qualitative forecast of the area development of promising complex reservoir rocks, to perform a full calculation of the initial geological reserves of hydrocarbons for a number of new objects (including PK5, PK7, PK8) and to build highquality geological and hydrodynamic models of hydrocarbon deposits necessary for the design of their further development.A detailed analysis of the primary geological and geophysical materials at our disposal has shown that during the formation of the Pokur Formation in the Middle Ob oil and gas bearing area (OGO) there were heterogeneous conditions of sedimentation — from purely continental to coastal-marine. High lithologic and facies heterogeneity of the studied sediments is observed everywhere. These circumstances complicate the processes of detailed correlation in these sediments, and in some cases — unrealized in practice even within one exploration area. Stratification of productive strata is the most important part of oil and gas prospecting and exploration. According to the results of our studies, the upper strata are most well traced (in some cases up to the hypsometric level of PK3-4 strata occurrence). Their confident area correlation makes it possible to identify smaller stratigraphic subdivisions (packs) in these strata and to determine the paleofacial genesis of these sediments.

SEISMICITY of the URALS and WESTERN SIBERIA in 2018–2019

The article summarizes information about seismic network in the Urals and Western Siberia region, describes processing technique, presents short analysis of seismic activity for 2018–2019. Seismic network capability is shown for whole territory under control. It was found that about 82 % of registered events are explosions in mines and open pits, 74 events are natural and 76 are induced ones. For the strongest induced events, variants of source parameters obtained by different agencies are shown.

SEISMICITY of NORTHERN EURASIA in 2018–2019

An overview of seismicity in 16 regions of Russia and neighboring countries in 2018–2019 is presented. Seismic monitoring of this territory was carried out by networks of seismic stations of Russia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine. In most regions, the seismic process occurred in the background. In Northern Eurasia as a whole, the total seismic energy in 2018 (Еan=17∙1016 J) remained unchanged compared to that for the previous year, and in 2019 fell to Еan=0.65∙1016 J, with annual values of released energy for 2018 and 2019 were significantly lower than its average annual level for the period 2006–2017. (Еan=5.3∙1016 J). The “Angular Uplift earthquake” on December 20, 2018 at 17h01m with MS=7.4 (MwGCMT=7.2), localized in the surface layer of the seismofocal zone of the Commander segment of the Aleutian arc with the epicenter in the Pacific Ocean was the strongest for the period 2018– 2019. Maximum shaking intensity on the tyerritory of Northern Eurasia (I=6–7) was caused by earthquake on July 6, 2018 at 01h40m with MwGCMT=6.2, h=75 km in the seismofocal zone of the Kuril Islands–Southern Kamchatka and Katav-Ivanovsk earthquake on September 4, 2018 at 22h58m in the Chelyabinsk oblast (Ural and Western Siberia region). The Katav-Ivanovsk earthquake is also unique in that it was accompanied by a significant number of aftershocks, which is the first known case for tectonic events within the Urals. In addition, it demonstrated that the natural seismic potential of the Urals exceeds the man-made component by orders of energy

Collagen Contents of 13С and 15N Isotopes in Bones of Small Cave Bear Ursus (Spelaearctos) rossicus Borissiak, 1930 (Mammalia, Carnivora, Ursidae) from Western Siberia.

The 13C and 15N isotope contents in collagen were determined in bones of the small cave bear Ursus (Spelaearctos) rossicus Borissiak, 1930 from three regions of Western Siberia. The bones dated back to marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 and belonged to mature males and females. Some of the samples differed only in δ15N. Bears of all samples were from the same trophic level. Trophic shifts were observed between females and males in one region and between males of two regions. The small cave bear of Western Siberia differed from the small cave bear of the Southern Urals in leading a much more predatory lifestyle. The extent of differences between the Ural and Siberian bears corresponded to different trophic levels.

Палеоэкологические условия финала сарматской эпохи и их влияния на общества скотоводов и земледельцев Восточной Европы и Западной Сибири

The paper make an attempt to consider the cultural and historical events marking the final stage of the Sarmatian epoch from the point of view of climate dynamics in Eastern Europe. It has been confirmed that the Late Sarmatian period in the Lower Volga region coincided with increasing climate humidity and was characterized by high precipitation during the cold season. This occurred in conditions of the Siberian High weakening, resulted to penetration of the Atlantic and Mediterranean cyclones into the inland regions of Eastern Europe and the western areas of Western Siberia. This led to high snow cover formation and provoked a series of other unfavorable factors that triggered migrations and population decline in nomadic or semi-nomadic societies whose economic basis was cattle herding. We suppose that this climate change scenario was not limited to the Lower Volga region. In the article we analyze paleoclimatic, cultural and historical events of the 3rd – 4th centuries AD which occured in the adjacent regions. We found that during this period the Sargat culture, whose economy was based on semi-nomadic cattle breeding, was declining in most of the forest-steppe east of the Urals. The population in the Southern Urals almost completely disappeared by the last decades 3rd century AD. The area of the Late Sarmatian culture from the Lower Volga region is reduced to the Astrakhan Right Bank of the Volga. Only the Lower Don and the Sal-Manych steppes remained inhabited, which is probably due to the regional resource base specifics. Therefore, in most part of Eastern Europe and the western regions of Western Siberia, the population was declining or disappearing long before the Huns invasion, and increase in climate humidity was among the contributing factors. At the same time, the humid climate of the 3rd – 4th centuries AD had a beneficial impact on the crop production. A high winter precipitation provided the flourish of agricultural societies.

Contemporary Dynamics in Vegetation of the Polar and Subpolar Regions of Western Siberia Using Remote Sensing Data

Abstract—Trends in the climatogenic dynamics of phytomass on the sites located along the borders of Western Siberia’s natural zones (the border of frozen and unfrozen bogs, the border of taiga and open boreal woodlands, and the northern boundary of the distribution of woody vegetation) were spotted based on the vegetation index NDVI derived using the sensors of the MODIS-Terra satellite for the period 2000–2020. The assessment of the vegetation dynamics and the factors that determine it was conducted with the use of the mean and maximum NDVI values and the relation of the index with basic climatic variables. A positive trend of NDVI caused by an increase in air temperature and precipitation was revealed in all the studied areas. The phytomass of open boreal larch woodlands grew the most strongly, and the greatest interannual variability was noted there. A correlation analysis conducted on the basis of the NDVI mean values displayed that improvements in vegetation growth conditions in tundra are mainly caused by the impact of the average summer temperature. The increase in phytomass in taiga is mostly connected with the presence of a tree stand that better retains snow cover, which contributes to less freezing of the ground during the cold season.

Анализ пересечений в регионально окрашенной лексике территориальных единиц Западной Сибири

The aim of the research is to identify the intersections and characteristics of the use of regionally specific words in five regions of Western Siberia. The paper examines the phenomenon of regional variation of language, namely, trends in the study of regional peculiarities of language in the country, as well as the results of studies of regionally marked vocabulary obtained using modern technologies in identifying and analyzing regionally limited units. Researchers are actively investigating the regionally limited vocabulary of various regions, but the question of the intersection of such vocabulary in neighboring regions is often a little-studied issue, since it requires a large amount of data for comparison. The regional vocabulary of the regions of Western Siberia, namely, the Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo regions and the Altai Territory, has been examined, but often only one area has been investigated. The question of the coincidence of regionally specific words in neighboring regions has been repeatedly raised in modern studies as requiring more elaboration. But there is no analysis of intersecting vocabulary in the listed regions in the currently existing works, and, therefore, the scientific novelty of this research lies in carrying out a comparative analysis of the regionally limited vocabulary of the five regions of Western Siberia to find intersections and coincidences, in identifying features and presenting statistics for these intersections, as well as in considering such an indicator as the specificity of the use of words involving the material obtained during a global linguistic research by Yandex. As a result of the research, it was found that the number of “broad” regionally specific words (used in two or more regions) in neighboring regions can be quite high.

ВНЕШНЕЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ СВЯЗИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БАШКОРТОСТАН С РЕГИОНАМИ ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ В КОНЦЕ XX - НАЧАЛЕ XXI вв.: ОПЫТ И СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ

The paper focuses on the inter-regional relations of Bashkiria with the regions of Western Siberia. The author reveals patterns of historical ties between the parties, tracing their development, as well as identifies some problem spots that need to be addressed in the future.

RESOURCE MELLIFEROUS-POLLENIFEROUS ROLE OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN RUSSIA

The resource melliferous-polleniferous potential of Russian invasive plant species was studied on the basis of the results of melissopalynological (pollen) analysis. The study of the pollen composition of 2121 honey samples from 70 Russian regions made it possible to diagnose the pollen of 26 invasive plants in their composition, 13 of which were resource plants. In the European part of Russia, important melliferous plants were Robinia pseudoacacia L., Gleditsia triacanthos L., Amorpha fruticosa L., Solidago canadensis L., and Ailanthus altissima (Miller) Swingle. Monofloral honey types from these invasive species were obtained mainly in the southern regions. In Siberia, Centaurea scabiosa L., C. jacea L., Echium vulgare L., and Co nium maculatum L. were of resource importance. Monofloral greater and brown knapweed, viper`s bugloss and wild hemlock honey types were found mainly in the regions of Western Siberia. In the Far East, sources of monofloral honey were Nonea rossica Steven and Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl. The species Lupinus polyphyllus Lindll. and species of the genus Ambrosia were classified as important Russian polleniferous plants.

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in patients with ulcerative colitis: a case-control study

The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is growing in parallel with the obesity pandemic. The geography of the distribution of obesity and IBD on the planet have common features. In recent years, there has been information about the epidemiological interaction of predisposing factors to obesity and ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in patients with UC in the Western Siberia region. Materials and methods: a case-control study of 165 ulcerative colitis was conducted in 56 healthy volunteers of comparable gender and age. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using the formula: weight (kg)/weight (m2). Results: only in 7.9% of patients with UC BMI corresponded to a lack of body weight, in 48% BMI within normal parameters, in 43% of cases BMI corresponded to overweight and obesity. At the same time, the average values and median BMI in UC patients with acute and chronic course of the disease are close to the upper values of normal values. There are no gender differences in BMI compared to the control group. The BMI of patients with severe attack is significantly less than the BMI of patients with moderate attack. Hormonal dependence and resistance, the use of GIBP did not have a significant effect on the BMI of UC patients. In patients with UC, when compared with the control group, there are significantly more patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there was no significant relationship between the severity of the current attack among UC patients and the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in them. When comparing the group of patients with UC with the control group, there were no significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of NAFLD, cholelithiasis, coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, while in patients with continuously recurrent UC, liver damage characteristic of NAFLD is significantly more common.

Climate change expected to increase yield of spring cereals and reduce yield of winter cereals in the Western Siberian grain belt

ContextHigher latitude regions are likely to benefit from an extended vegetation period driven by climate change. In this regard, Western Siberia is considered a promising area for cereal crop farming in the near and medium-term future up to 2050. In the southern regions of Western Siberia, spring and winter cereals with different physiology and phenology are cultivated. The spatial resolution of existing estimates of climate change show an impact on cereal crops, however, the resolution remains low, impairing coverage of the diversity of cereals cultivated in Western Siberia. ObjectiveThis study aims to estimate the impact of climate change on the yield of main cereal crops in the Tyumen oblast (Western Siberia, Russia) in the short (2025 – 2030) and medium (2045 – 2050) terms. MethodsThe dataset covered the period from 1990 to 2020 and contained time series data on the yield of cereal crops as well as relevant meteorological parameters (mean air temperature, precipitation, snow cover), all grouped by the 22 municipal districts of the Tyumen oblast. Daily meteorological data were obtained from the CMIP6 model-simulation output and were used to develop random effects linear regression models and to make predictions with optimal models. To assess the impact of climatic parameters on the four key stages of cereal growth (germination, tillering, heading, flowering), a series of random effects linear regression models was developed for each type of cereal crop using six different methods of model building. ResultsThe obtained models predict that the yield of spring grown cereals (barley, oats, spring wheat) would increase by 11.6% ± 1.7% and 10.1% ± 1.7% (mean ± SE), in the short (2025 – 2030) and medium (2045 – 2050) runs as compared to the control period (1990 – 2020). These models predict a decrease in winter grown cereals (rye and winter wheat) yield by 17.1% ± 3.2% in 2025 – 2030 and by 17.7% ± 3.2% in 2045 – 2050. Among the four studied agroecological zones, the largest increase in the yield is predicted in the taiga agroecological zone (up to 84.3% ± 5.5% for barley). ConclusionsCultivation of spring grown cereals adapted to the taiga environment is important for improving grain production rates in Western Siberian regions. SignificanceThis study offers an example of a new bioinformatics-inspired type of analysis that prepares raw biological data for mechanistic modeling. This type of analysis serves to identify the key explanatory variables, paving the way towards spatially resolved multiscale predictive modelling of agroecosystems.

ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ СОТРУДНИКАМИ ПРАВООХРАНИТЕЛЬНЫХ ОРГАНОВ В ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ (1941-1945 гг.)

In the regions of Western Siberia, the NKVD and the prosecutor’s office, in difficult conditions, managed to normalize the criminal situation, liquidate bandit formations, thieves’ gangs, attracting an agent apparatus for this, regularly checking the places of concentration of the antisocial element. The fight against homelessness and neglect has become an important task for law enforcement officers. A difficult situation has developed in the penitentiary system. During the war, the supply of prisoners deteriorated significantly, staff guards were called to the front, their place was occupied by women and the disabled.

Stripping as a snow retention method in the steppe conditions of Western Siberia

The process of snow cover formation on the fields with different surface conditions was studied. The research was conducted in the spring of 2022 in the steppe farming zone of the Omsk region. The effect of high plant stand of cereal crops remaining after harvesting by standing crop stripping on the amount of snow cover and the volume of spring moisture accumulation in the soil as a reserve for increasing the yield in the steppe regions of Western Siberia is considered. The results of determining the height of snow cover on a fallow field (complete fallow), on fields under grain crops harvested by different methods: with a direct harvester followed by flat tillage; with a direct harvester without subsequent tillage; with a combing harvester at the height of the stem during harvesting up to 0.55 m are presented. In the course of the study it was found that during harvesting by the stripping method, the moisture reserves in the snow cover were 2.2 times higher compared to the stubble background, 3.7 times higher compared to the stubble background treated with a flat cutter, and 4.1 times higher compared to the fallow field (control). Based on the data obtained, the conclusion is made about the possibility of using this method to form the conditions for moisture accumulation in the arid steppe zone without additional measures for snow retention, which should have a positive impact not only on the yield of cultivated crops, but also on the agro-economic indicators.

Black Carbon Seasonal Trends and Regional Sources on Bely Island (Arctic)

The impact of aerosol sources on the pollution of the Russian sector of the Arctic is now strongly underestimated. A new polar aerosol station was arranged in August 2019 on Bely Island (Kara Sea), on the pathway of air mass transport from industrial regions of Western Siberia to the Arctic. Continuous aethalometer measurements of a short-lived climate tracer, i.e., black carbon, (from December to April 2019 and from January to November 2020) showed its seasonal variations with high values (60–92 ng/m3) in December–April and low values (18–72 ng/m3) in June–September. Pollution periods are identified. Regional distribution of fossil fuel and biomass combustion sources are obtained using the black carbon concentration weight trajectory model. The impact of gas flaring from oil and gas extraction areas of Western Siberia, the Volga region, the Urals, and the Komi Republic is found to be most pronounced during the cold period, and the impact from wildfire smoke emissions is found to be maximal in the warm season. A marker of biomass burning impact, determined from the difference between the black carbon concentrations measured in a broad wavelength spectrum, indicated the predominant effects from residential wood combustion in the cold period and agricultural and forest fires in the warm season.

Разработка интегрированной пространственно-временной базы данных, характеризующей последствия изменения климата

Currently, at the global and regional (national) levels, the expert community, as well as statesmen, have prioritized the task of practical implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (characterizing the dynamics of a development of various parameters of socio-ecological and economic systems). Achieving these goals requires serious analytical work based on a deep and comprehensive analysis of a processes taking place in various spheres, as well as the formation of an appropriate information platform, including a set of databases that adequately describe changes taking place in various spheres of state activity. However, today, in Russian practice, this tool is practically absent, which significantly complicates the qualitative and quantitative analysis, assessment and forecasting of the processes of adaptation of Russian regions (including the population living in them) to consequences of global climate change. The purpose of this study is to form a database of indicators characterizing process of adaptation of socio-ecological and economic systems of a northern regions of Western Siberia (The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) to global climate change. The projected database should become the basis for creating an open information resource for a wide range of users when they solve analytical and predictive tasks related to a socio-economic assessment of an impact of global climate warming on permafrost. To achieve the objectives of the study, a set of methods was used: theoretical generalization and comparison, formalization, algorithmization, structuring and grouping, economic and statistical methods (including correlation and regression analysis), cartographic method, graphical modeling method. As a result, we have formed a database representing a single, periodically updated repository containing spatio-temporal data sets characterizing processes and phenomena, on the one hand, socio-ecological and economic systems, on the other – climate change. Further work with the database assumes, on the basis of available quantitative data and methods of mathematical statistics, the identification of elements of the ecological, socio-economic systems of the KhMAO and YaNAO vulnerable to global climate change, as well as forecasting the dynamics of their (systems) transformation.

Arctic regions of Western Siberia. A comparative analysis of the geological structure and gas and oil presence. Prospects for new discoveries

Introduction. An analysis of the geological structure and gas and oil presence of the Arctic region in Western Siberia is carried out.Aim. To assess the potential and undiscovered gas resources, as well as to forecast prospects and potential of explored reserves for 2023–2040.Materials and methods. The geological structure and gas and oil presence specific to Arctic regions and regions of Western Siberian megabasin and megaprovince, including Yamal, Gydan, Southern-Kara with bays (shelf) and western part of the Yenisei-Khatanga, were analysed. In these locations, hydrocarbon reserves (HC) of non-associated gas, crude and condensate, HC accumulations in the volume of a sedimentary Jurassic-Cretaceous cover (Cenozoic upper regional seal), oil-and-gas and geostatistics, as well as the scale of layers and deposits, were assessed.Results. The resources of Yamal-Kara and Gydan-Yenisei land and shelf regions were assessed. A forecast was made concerning the potential and undiscovered gas resources, as well as possible increments of explored reserves for 2023–2040. The comparative resource geostatistics of the land and shelf appears to be somewhat premature. However, according to most researchers, land undiscovered giants (>0.3 trillion m3) can be already excluded, while shelf supergiant gas fields are possible (unique ones are excluded). Nevertheless, their number can only be evaluated by prospecting and exploration in the most favourable structural and tectonic conditions.Conclusion. The Yamal-Kara region can become the largest strategic gas production centre of both Western Siberia and Russia as a whole, while Gydan-Yenisei region can be a tactical centre.

Biogeochemistry of Natural Organic Compounds in Terrestrial Waters: Distribution and Variability during Climate Warming

The paper discusses the distribution and origin of organic matter in natural waters with regard to the latitudinal geographic zoning in the European territory of Russia (ETR) and Western Siberia (WS) and demonstrates how conditions on the catchments and climate affect the content of autochthonous and allochthonous organic matter. Conditional coefficients of the ratios of these forms are calculated. The influence of the temperature factor on the content of autochthonous organic matter in the waters of the southern territories of the ETR and WS was proved by multivariate statistical methods of analysis. General trends and relations are identified in the distribution of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates of the autochthonous and allochthonous organic compounds. The mechanism of biochemical transformation of bound carbohydrates of allochthonous organic compounds into free autochthonous ones via the microbial decomposition is demonstrated, which is more typical of waters in the southern regions of WS. The paper discusses how natural and climatic conditions can influence changes in concentrations of organic compounds in the lake waters and structural characteristics of these compounds (contents of aromatic and aliphatic fragments).