Weight Obesity Research Articles

Relationship of Nutritional Status with Tuberculosis Lungs of Children Aged 0-5 Years in Surabaya

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. TB is the number 10 cause of death in the world. Indonesia is the third TB contributor in the world after India and China. TB in children is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The increase in TB is influenced by endurance, low nutritional status, lack of individual, hygiene, and shelter density. Objective of this research analyzed the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of pulmonary TB at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The research design is a retrospective analytical observational research with a case-control study design, with a sampling technique using probability sampling, namely purposive sampling. The analysis uses the coefficient contingency Lambda statistical test and has been approved by the ethics committee of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. A total sample of 130 patients was studied, and the analysis results showed an association between nutritional status and TB incidence (p = 0.019). After finalization by healthy status category, there was no association between overweight nutritional status (p=0.259) and obesity nutritional status (p=0.513). Conclusion: There is a link between nutritional status and TB incidence, but after finalization based on healthy status categories. There is no relationship between overweight and obese dietary status and the incidence of tuberculosis.

Characteristics of the gut microbiota in bipolar depressive disorder patients with distinct weight.

Preliminary studies have indicated metabolic dysfunction and gut dysbiosis in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). In this study, we aimed to clarify the impact of the gut microbial composition and function on metabolic dysfunction in BD patients with an acute depressive episode. Fresh fecal samples were provided from 58 patients with BD depression, including 29 with normal weight (NW) and 29 with overweight/obesity (OW), and 31 healthy controls (HCs). The hypervariable region of 16 S rRNA gene (V3-V4) sequencing was performed using IonS5TMXL platform to evaluate the bacterial communities. Differences of microbial community and correlation to clinical parameters across different groups were analyzed. Compared to NW and HCs, the OW group showed a decreased tendency in alpha diversity index. Beta diversity was markedly different among these groups (PERMANOVA: R2 =0.034, p=0.01) and was higher in patients versus HCs. A total number of 24 taxa displayed significantly different abundance among OW, NW, and HCs. At the family level, the abundance of three taxa was remarkably increased in NW, one in OW, and one in HCs. At the genus level, five taxa were enriched in OW, eight in NW, and two in HCs. The relative abundance of the genera Megamonas was positively associated with BMI, while Eggerthella was negatively correlated with BMI. Functional prediction analysis revealed the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins and amino acid were highly enriched in OW compared to HCs. In addition, microbial functions involved in "lipid metabolism" were depleted while the "fructose and mannose metabolism" was enriched in OW compared to NW group. Specific bacterial taxa involved in pathways regulating the lipid, energy, and amino acid metabolisms may underlie the weight concerns in depressed BD patients. Potential targeting gut microbial therapy is provided for overweight/obesity patients with BD, which still need further studies in the future.

Which Is the Most Appropriate Cut-Off of HbA1c for Prediabetes Screening in Caucasian Youths with Overweight or Obesity?

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the best cut-off of HbA1c for detection of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), beta-cell impairment and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) profile in overweight or obese (OW/OB) Caucasian youths. Two-hour oral glucose tolerance test was available in 1549 youths, one-hour glucose (G60) in 1430 youths and disposition index (DI) in 972 youths. Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated as Homeostatic Model Assessment for IR and insulin sensitivity (IS) as 1/fasting insulin. High G60 was defined by a value ≥ 133 mg/dL. The best cut-off of HbA1c for IFG or IGT was 5.5%. The frequency of individuals with HbA1c ≥ 5.5% was 32.5%, compared to 16.3% with HbA1c ≥ 5.7% (as proposed by the American Diabetes Association). HbA1c ≥ 5.5% showed higher sensitivity and lower specificity with respect to HbA1c ≥ 5.7% for all the abnormalities examined (IFG, IGT, high G60, IR, low IS, DI and CMR factors). In conclusion, this lower cut-off might represent a more appropriate screening marker of glucose dysmetabolism in youths with OW/OB. Prospective studies are needed to validate this cut-off for predicting prediabetes/diabetes in youths with OW/OB.

Body image is associated with anthropometric status in adolescents, but not with lifestyle

Body image is a construct of the multifaceted representation of body identity that involves self-perception, beliefs, attitudes about the body itself, which can be influenced by several factors. This study evaluated the association of body image with anthropometric and lifestyle indicators among adolescents. The sample comprised 465 adolescents aged 10 to 17 years from public schools in the city of Salvador-Bahia. The Silhouettes Scale assessed the body image. The anthropometric data (body mass index and waist circumference), the lifestyle (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents and television time), economic and demographic data were evaluated. Polytomous logistic regression assessed associations of interest by STATA, version 16.0. Overweight (OR:9,7; CI95%:5,4-17,5) and abdominal obesity (OR:14,0; CI95%: 5,0-39,3) were positively associated with body dissatisfaction. However, there was no association with lifestyle variables (physical activity: OR: 1,7, CI: 0,9-2,9, and TV time: OR:1,2; CI:0,8-1,9). The conclusion reached is that anthropometric status is an essential indicator of adverse body image outcomes in adolescents.

Using Fusion Circuit Training to Reduce Overweight (Obesity) Among High School Students

Using Fusion Circuit Training to Reduce Overweight (Obesity) Among High School Students

Childhood Overweight Obesity And Associated Factors Among Urban Children In Auranagabad A Cross Sectional Study.

Background- Obesity in increasing global threat for many diseases and disorders. Objectives- Objective of this study were to identify the associated risk factors in the study population and to assess the relationship with the risk factors. Methods- This was the cross-sectional survey conducted using random sampling tech.in Aurangabad city. A total of 200 obese children studied. Dietary habits and lack of exercise, lifestyle factors was determined using questionnaire methods, BMI, MUAC tape. After successful evaluation of subjects, some dietary changes, lifestyle changes, regular 45 minutes of exercise is suggested and taken. results were taken after 15 days of regular session. Results – In this present study it was noted that the 58% were male and 41% were female almost 97% children’s were come to school by vehicle. The frequency of junk food is higher than vegetables, fruits. This leads to obesity in children. In our study focus on the on lifestyle intervention plan for children’s it was shown that the positive effect on improved participants dietary pattern and was effective in reducing excess weight programme was conducted for 30 days including with physical activity and nutritional counselling on obese adolescents and found a reduction in body weight. Conclusion - It concludes a higher prevalence of obesity among study subjects. It is implemented that decreased fast foods, having regular exercise, eating fiber, complex carbs, and essential fats are important to prevent obesity for better performance in study, for stronger immunity and better life style.

The Role Of Adiponectin Gene Polymorphism On The Change Of Adiponectin Content In Individuals Overweight And Obesity After Aerobic Exercise In Combination Diet OCD

Background: The Indonesian obesity study group examined more than 6000 people from almost all provinces and obtained obesity rates with a body mass index (BMI)> 30 kg / m² in men at 9.16% and women 11.02%. Obesity has been known to be associated with Adiponectin and insulin resistance even from an early age. Wiecek (2012) compared adiponectin, lipid and proinsulin levels between obese and normal adolescents. From these studies, it is known that obese adolescents have adiponectin up to 50% lower compared to teens with normal weight. Aim: To Find Out The Role Of Adiponecttin Gene Polymorphism On The Change Of Adiponextin Content In Overweight Individual And Obesity After Aerobic Exercise In Dicd Ocd Combination. Methods: The research method used is pre-experimental design precisely quasi-experimental research design with one group pre-post test design. The research subjects were 36 women with more than normal body weight. Results: man Whitney test results differed significantly between adiponectin levels with variations in the TT genotype with a p-value of 0.001 and GT with a p-value of 0.038 after doing aerobic exercise for 6 weeks or 18 times of exercise, but the Spearman correlation test obtained a sig value of 0.301 which showed that the correlation was not significant between adiponectin levels and adiponectin genes. The spearmen correlation value of 0.074 indicates that the direction of the positive correlation with the strength of the correlation is very weak meaning that there is an increase in adiponectin levels after aerobic exercise for 6 weeks or 18 times of exercise but adiponectin levels are not related to variations in the adiponectin gene after aerobic exercise for 6 weeks or 18 practice times.. Conclusion: There was a significant increase in adiponectin levels in the GT and TT genotypes after aerobic exercise combined with the OCD diet, but adiponectin levels were not related to variations in the adiponectin gene after aerobic exercise for 6 weeks or 18 times.

Food quality and nutritional status of school-going adolescents in the province of El Jadida in Morocco.

Dietary diversity and variety scores represent tools for measuring the overall quality of diets. In children, they are good indicators of their nutritional status and growth. The aim of this study was to assess the consumption and eating habits as well as the lifestyle of Moroccan adolescents attending school in the city of El Jadida. A sample of 463 children of both sexes, aged 9 to 17, attending four schools in the city of El Jadida was studied. Eating habits and information on socioeconomic level are assessed using questionnaires and weight and height were measured on participants. According to the dietary diversity score (DDS) classes, 2.4% of the children surveyed were with low DDS, 55.7% moderate and 41.9%, with high DDS. The mean DDS was 5.67 ± 1.03 in underweight children and 5.53 ± 1.5 in those with overweight (obesity included) and the food variety scores (DVS) were of 12.94±3.24 food items and 10.81±3.25 in the 2 groups respectively. In addition, data analyzes show that children from parents with a low level of education had higher averages of DDS and DVS (DDS: 5.54 ± 0.84; SVA: 10.65 ± 2.32) compared to those of parents with medium education level (DDS: 5.31±0.96; DVS: 9.72±2.62) or high level (DDS: 5.17±0.93; DVS: 9.36 ±2.42). In addition, children from parents of high economic level had a lower averages of DDS and DVS (DDS: 5.24 ± 0.88; DVS: 8.84 ± 2.10) compared to those of parents of low economic level (DDS: 5.36±1.00; DVS: 10.14±2.85). The sugary products were consumed by 56.3% of underweiht children, 75% of normal-weight children and 67% of overweight children (including obese). The estimated total energy intake (TEI) was higher than the Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA) in underweight 2933 Kcal/d and in overweight (including obese) children 3061.75 Kcal/d, while the mean daily intakes of folate, calcium, iron, potassium and zinc were lower than the (RDA). The food groups consumed by the majority of children were cereals (98.5%), fruits and vegetables (87.7%), and sweet products (69.8%) while oilseed products and fat were less consumed (9.7% and 7.8% respectively). The study data show that the adolescents diet were moderately diverse, little varied and poor in certainnutrients essential for their nutritional status and growth. The study draws attention to the need for parents to be aware ofthe benefits of improving the diet quality and weight status of adolescents.

Prevalence of Obesity and its Associated Factors Among the 35-70-Year-Old Population of Bandare-Kong: A Cross-sectional Survey (Findings of the Persian Cohort Study)

Background: Obesity is a major health problem in many countries such as Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their associated risk factors in Bandare-Kong, Hormozgan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey included 3921 participants of the Bandare-Kong Cohort Study (BKNCD). Their baseline data were used for analysis. General obesity was defined as the body mass index (BMI)≥30 kg/m2 and overweight as 25≤BMI<30. Central obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC)≥95 cm. Results: The prevalence of overweight, general, and central obesity was 39%, 24%, and 30.5%, respectively. Female gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=5.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.74-6.96 and aOR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.34-2.16), hypertension (aOR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.81-3.26 and aOR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.04-1.52), and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.31-2.38 and aOR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.05-1.51) were significantly associated with both general and central obesity. Higher WC (aOR=503.89, 95% CI: 331.76-765.32), higher calorie intake (aOR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04), and urban residency (aOR=2.99, 95% CI: 2.06-4.32) were correlated with general obesity. BMI≥25 kg/m² (aOR=46.81, 95% CI: 35.53-61.67), higher fasting plasma glucose (aOR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.04), older age (aOR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04) and being unemployed (aOR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.18-1.89) were significantly associated with central obesity. Conclusion: Overall, a significant correlation was found among female gender, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia with general and central obesity in this study. Given the high prevalence of obesity in this population, regional public health authorities should take appropriate measures to reduce these rates in order to prevent obesity-associated complications.

Transgenerational associations of parental famine exposure in early life with offspring risk of adult obesity in China.

The aim of this study was to investigate the transgenerational associations between exposure to famine in early life and obesity. This study used the longitudinal data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1989 to 2015. A total of 1113 fathers and 1207 mothers (946 mother-father pairs) born in 1955 to 1966 and 1895 adult offspring were included. Offspring were classified into subgroups according to the famine exposure of their parents (unexposed, maternal exposed, paternal exposed, parental exposed) and exposure timing (during fetal development, childhood). Maternal exposure to famine in early life was associated with elevated levels of BMI, waist circumference, overweight, and central obesity of their children, whereas paternal exposure was inversely associated with these measurements. Compared with children of unexposed parents (P0M0), the maternal exposed group (P0M1) had higher mean BMI, by 1.3kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.3 to 2.4); waist circumference, by 1.5cm (-1.0 to 3.9); overweight (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI]: 3.1 [1.6 to 6.1]); and central obesity (OR [95% CI]: 1.9 [1.02 to 3.7]). No significant heterogeneity was observed in the associations by sex of offspring. Fetal and early childhood exposure to famine in parents may be associated with their children's risk of obesity during adulthood. A better understanding of the transgenerational associations is important for developing strategies to reduce obesity risk in future generations.

Incidence of Substance Use Disorder Following Bariatric Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

New-onset substance use disorder (SUD) following bariatric surgery is a significant concern that is likely multi-factorial, although the etiologies are unclear. Previous studies have identified variable rates of SUD along with utilizing different methods and measures. The objective of this study is to evaluate new-onset SUD diagnoses among adults following bariatric surgery and compare these rates to those in the general population as well as those diagnosed with overweight or obesity. Data was extracted from TriNetX Research Platform and used to build three cohorts of adults: those who had bariatric surgery (bariatric surgery cohort), those diagnosed with obesity or overweight, and a general population cohort. Rates of incident SUD were compared among these three groups. Initial encounters for all individuals were from January 1, 2018, to June 30, 2019. The incidence rate of SUD in patients with a history of bariatric surgery was 6.55% (n = 2523). When compared to the general population, persons who had any type of bariatric procedure had a decreased risk of new-onset SUD with an overall odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence limits (CL)] of 0.89 [0.86, 0.93]. When compared to persons with overweight orobesity, bariatric patients were less likely to develop any form of SUD (OR: 0.65 [0.62, 0.67]). While overall rates of new-onset SUD are lower among those who had bariatric surgery, they also vary by surgery and substance type. Efforts should still be made to address new-onset SUD in order to optimize the post-surgical care of patients.

A prospective birth cohort study of maternal prenatal cigarette smoking assessed by self-report and biomarkers on childhood risk of overweight or obesity.

Most studies on the association of in utero exposure to cigarette smoking and childhood overweight or obesity (OWO) were based on maternal self-reported smoking status, and few were based on objective biomarkers. The concordance of self-report smoking, and maternal and cord blood biomarkers of cigarette smoking as well as their effects on children's long-term risk of overweight and obesity are unclear. In this study, we analyzed data from 2351 mother-child pairs in the Boston Birth Cohort, a sample of US predominantly Black, indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) that enrolled children at birth and followed prospectively up to age 18 years. In utero smoking exposure was measured by maternal self-report and by maternal and cord plasma biomarkers of smoking: cotinine and hydroxycotinine. We assessed the individual and joint associations of each smoking exposure measure and maternal OWO with childhood OWO using multinomial logistic regressions. We used nested logistic regressions to investigate the childhood OWO prediction performance when adding maternal and cord plasma biomarkers as input covariates on top of self-reported data. Our results demonstrated that in utero cigarette smoking exposure defined by self-report and by maternal or cord metabolites was consistently associated with increased risk of long-term child OWO. Children with cord hydroxycotinine in the fourth quartile (vs. first quartile) had 1.66 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-2.66) times the odds for overweight and 1.57 (95% CI 1.05-2.36) times the odds for obesity. The combined effect of maternal OWO and smoking on offspring risk of obesity is 3.66 (95% CI 2.37-5.67) if using self-reported smoking. Adding maternal and cord plasma biomarker information to self-reported data improved the prediction accuracy of long-term child OWO risk. This longitudinal birth cohort study of US BIPOC underscored the role of maternal smoking as an obesogen for offspring OWO risk. Our findings call for public health intervention strategies to focus on maternal smoking - as a highly modifiable target, including smoking cessation and countermeasures (such as optimal nutrition) that may alleviate the increasing obesity burden in the United States and globally.

One-year prevalence and clinical characteristics in chronic dizziness: The 2019-2020 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the 1-year prevalence and related factors in the general population with an experience of chronic dizziness. This study analyzed persons (n = 5,163) who respond to dizziness and nutrition questionnaire from participant of Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2019-2020). Of individuals over 40 years, 25.3% of the general population (61.6% females) reported either dizziness or imbalance for the past year. Moreover, 4.8% of the patients reported they suffered from chronic dizziness or imbalance for more than 3 months. In multiple regression analysis, patients with chronic dizziness were older, females, had lower body mass index (BMI), had stress awareness, and had a history of tinnitus within 1 year (>5 min per episode). Relative to normal body weight, both overweight and mild obesity (obesity stages 1 and 2) were associated with a significantly lower risk of chronic dizziness. Overweight, obesity stage 1, and obesity stage 2 had odds ratios of 0.549 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.332-0.910], 0.445 (95% CI, 0.273-0.727), and 0.234 (95% CI, 0.070-0.779), respectively. In this study, the prevalence of chronic dizziness in the general population was 4.8%. Our study demonstrated that overweight and mild obesity were independently associated with a lower risk of chronic dizziness in adults for the past year. Therefore, the optimal BMI for patients with dizziness should be defined and managed according to an integrated care pathway.

Mid-upper arm circumference and neck circumference to screen for overweight-obesity in young adults in South India

IntroductionThere are many anthropometric techniques to screen for overweight-obesity like the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-hip ratio (WHR). These may be difficult or less acceptable in community and outpatient settings. We determine the cut-offs of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and neck-circumference (NC) to screen overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), abdominal obesity by waist circumference (WC; men: ≥90 cm; women: ≥80 cm) and high percent body fat (PBF) (men: ≥20%; women: ≥30%) and explore participant preference for various anthropometric methods. Methodology: We enrolled 282 medical students in South India and performed anthropometry (height, weight, WC, MUAC and NC), bio-impedance analysis (BIA, Inbody 770) to detect PBF. Receiver operator curves were generated and best cut-offs derived using highest Youden Index (sensitivity + specificity-1). ResultsOf the 282 participants, 83 (29.4%) were overweight, 113 (38.7%) had abdominal obesity and 186 (66%) had higher PBF. The MUAC cut-off was 31.3cm for men (sensitivity: 86%; specificity: 74%) to detect overweight and 31.2 cm (sensitivity: 85%; specificity: 73%) to detect abdominal obesity. The corresponding cut-offs in women were 28.5 cm (sensitivity:88%; specificity: 83%) to detect overweight and 28.3 cm (sensitivity: 74%; specificity: 92%) for abdominal obesity. For NC, the proposed cut-off in men was 36.6 cm (sensitivity: 81%; specificity: 82%) for overweight and 37.1 cm (sensitivity:78%; specificity:82%) for abdominal obesity. In women, this was 31.4 cm for both overweight as per BMI (sensitivity: 88%; specificity: 71%) and for abdominal obesity (sensitivity: 75%; specificity: 81%). Neck circumference was preferred by 225 (79.8%) participants. ConclusionBoth MUAC and NC can be considered for screening overweight and abdominal obesity with good sensitivity and specificity but their sensitivity and specificity for screening high PFB were not very good. Neck circumference was the most preferred anthropometric method.

Biochemical, hematologic, and skeletal features associated with underweight, overweight, and eating disorders in young Korean women: A population-based study.

Extreme weight conditions in young women are associated with adverse health outcomes. Closely linked with extreme weight status, eating disorders (EDs) are associated with several medical complications and high mortality rates. The study aimed to investigate the biochemical, hematologic, and skeletal features of young Korean women with underweight (UW) and overweight/obesity (OW) conditions, and patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) compared to women with normal-weight (NW). A total of 808 women (mean age 22.3 ± 3.4 years) were recruited for the study, including 144 with UW status [body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2], 364 with NW, 137 with OW or obesity (27 with obesity; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), 63 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), and 100 with bulimia nervosa (BN). We measured blood pressure and performed biochemical, hematologic and bone mineral density (BMD) evaluations at the lumbar and femoral neck. Blood pressure and triiodothyronine levels were found to be lower in both ED groups and higher in the OW group, but no difference in the UW group, compared to the NW group. The aminotransferases and total cholesterol levels were higher in the ED and OW groups, compared to the NW group. Blood cell counts were decreased in the AN group, while increased in the OW group, compared to the NW group. Blood urea nitrogen was elevated in both ED groups. The UW and AN groups had lower BMD, whereas the OW group had higher BMD, compared to the NW group. Our findings suggested that both ED groups were associated with decreases in the resting energy expenditure. OW status was associated with a risk of metabolic syndrome, and UW status with lower BMD in young women. Overall, the medical parameters in Korean patients with ED were similar to the patterns reported in Western samples in previous studies, with few exceptions such as potassium level in BN.

Validation of a Greek adaptation of the Anti-Fat Attitudes Questionnaire.

The Anti-Fat Attitudes Questionnaire (AFA) measures prejudicial attitudes that are held about individuals with overweight BMI or obesity. Despite increased interest in research on anti-fat attitudes worldwide, the psychometric properties of the AFA have rarely been examined in non-English speaking populations. The present study aimed to address this gap in the literature by translating and validating the AFA in the Greek language. An online, community-based sample of 642 individuals (364 women) responded to the Greek translation of the AFA and measures of appearance satisfaction and appreciation, disordered eating, self-esteem and depression. Results indicated that the original three-factor solution of the AFA was maintained in both the Principal and Confirmatory Factor Analyses. Additionally, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and convergent validity all showed adequate results. These findings provide support for the use of the AFA in Greek-speaking populations. The availability of the Greek AFA adds to the toolbox of body image scholars working in the Greek context.

Effect of changes in body mass index and waist-to-height ratio on blood pressure in 11 to 13-year- old children: a prospective population study

Background Existing evidence about associations between change in body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) change and high blood pressure are relatively limited. Aims We aimed to investigate the associations of general overweight (based on BMI) and abdominal obesity (based on WHtR) change with high blood pressure in Chinese children. Subjects and methods A school-based cohort study in Ningbo region (China) was conducted among children with baseline evaluations in October 2016 with follow-up two years later. A total of 1432 children aged 11 to 13 years participated in this study. Results Our results showed that a change from normal BMI or WHtR to overweight or abdominal obesity in children was associated with high blood pressure (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.62; P﹤ 0.05 or AOR, 2.79; P﹤ 0.05, respectively). In addition, an increased risk of high blood pressure was observed in children who maintained overweight or abdominal obesity (AOR, 1.67; P﹤ 0.05 or AOR, 1.69; P﹤ 0.05, respectively), but not in children who experienced remission to non-excess weight. Interestingly, children who increased BMI or WHtR had greater impact on SBP than on DBP. Conclusion The 2-year longitudinal study indicated that general overweight or abdominal obesity can predict the risk factor of high blood pressure in children. However, children who remitted to non-excess weight did not exhibit an increased risk of high blood pressure.

The significance of overweight and visceral obesity in the detection of pregestational diabetes in the population of women of reproductive age in Dushanbe

Materials and research methods. We examined 1,500 women living in the city of Dushanbe for the period 2020-2021. The examination was carried out at the bases of medical health centers in the city of Dushanbe. In the course of the study, in order to clarify the risk factors in the development of pregestational diabetes, we measured the weight, height of patients, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (OB), calculated the ratio OT / OB, and also conducted a survey of all examined women.Results of the study and their discussion. In particular, 8 cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus, 92 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 2 cases with suspected MODY diabetes. In the course of the study, it should also be noted that the leading risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in particular (in 60% of cases) was overweight and, in particular, visceral obesity. The average level of glycated hemoglobin in the group of identified patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 7.7±0.8%. The age of the examined is 35.7±4.1 years. The average level of glycated hemoglobin in the group of patients with type 2 diabetes was 7.5±0.9%. In addition, during the study, an increase in the level of insulin in the blood of overweight and obese patients by an average of 15.2 mIU / l was found. When calculating the HOMA index, a significant (p&lt;0.01) increase was noted, mainly in the group of patients with overweight and obesity.Conclusion. Taking into account the obtained results, the leading role of overweight and visceral obesity in the detection of pregestational diabetes is shown.

Association between History of Prolonged Exclusive Breast-Feeding and the Lung Function Indices in Childhood.

Although the propitious effects of breastfeeding on children's health are indisputable, the impact of exclusive breastfeeding on the lung function later in life remains controversial. Our objective was to explore the possible associations between breastfeeding and the lung function of children who were exclusively breastfed for an extensive period of time. This was a cross-sectional study of children who were exclusively breastfed for more than 12 months. Demographics and anthropometric data were collected; the body mass index (BMI), % body fat, and % central obesity were calculated; and all the participants underwent standard spirometry with reversibility testing. The relationship between breastfeeding duration and spirometric parameters was assessed by Spearman's correlation and multivariable regression, after adjustment for other confounders. Forty-six children (21 boys), aged 9.2 ± 2.4 years, with a reported breastfeeding duration of 27.5 ± 12.5 months (range 12-60 months) were included; 13% were overweight (none were obese) and 21.7% had central obesity. The average FEV1 was 104.7 ± 10.4% and the average FEF25-75 was 107.9 ± 13.3%. The duration of exclusive breastfeeding was positively correlated with FEF25-75% (r = 0.422, p = 0.003). Multivariable linear regression analysis confirmed the above finding (beta coefficient 0.478, p = 0.002), independently of age, overweight, and central obesity. No correlation was noted between the duration of breastfeeding and other spirometric parameters. In addition to its favorable impact on the metabolic profile, prolonged exclusive breastfeeding seems to exert a propitious effect on the function of smaller airways throughout childhood.

Abstract 14309: Does Obesity Affect the Long-Term Results of Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation?

Background: The presence of obesity in patients who underwent catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) is thought to be a predictor of poor outcomes. Methods: We studied the long-term success of CA of AF in patients with mild to severe obesity and followed them for recurrence of AF/atrial flutter (FL). Results: Of 185 patients (mean age: 60.3 ± 10.7 years, male: 75%), 24 (13%) patients had a normal body mass index (BMI &lt; 25.0 kg/m 2 ), 53 (28.6%) patients were overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m 2 ), 78 (42.2%) patients were obese (BMI 30.0-39.9 kg/m 2 ) and 30 (16.2%) had severe obesity (BMI &gt; 40 kg/m 2 ). There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics including age, gender, race, left ventricular ejection fraction, and presence of hypertension, diabetes, and valvular disease. Number of ablations performed in the normal, overweight, obese, and severe obesity groups were 1.3 ± 0.5, 1.4 ± 0.6, 1.5 ± 0.6, and 1.5 ± 0.7, respectively. During a median (±1SE) follow-up of 5.23 ± 0.17 years, 79% in the normal BMI, 70% in overweight, 41% in obese, and 80% in severe obesity group were in sinus rhythm. There was no significant difference among all four groups regarding recurrence of AF/AFL (p=NS). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed no significant difference in time to recurrence of AF/AFL based on BMI. Conclusion: Severity of obesity does not predict recurrence of AF/AFL after CA during long-term follow-up.