Wealth Of Resources Research Articles

Seaweed Community Structure in the Waters of Kelombok Village, Lingga District, Linga District

Kelombok Village, Lingga Regency is an island with a large water area (99% of the water area) and has a high wealth of biological resources, especially algae or seaweed. This research was conducted in the coastal waters of Kelombok Village with three stations (stations 1, 2, and 3), and two zones (tide zone and low tide zone). The research was carried out for one month, namely in January 2024. Sampling was carried out using the line transect technique. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. Based on the research results, it is known that 12 types of seaweed live in the coral coastal waters of Kelombok Village, consisting of 3 types of green algae (Chlorophyta), 4 types of brown algae (Phaeophyta), and 5 types of red algae (Rhodophyta). The abundance of seaweed in zone A is 99,913 ind /m2, and in zone B is 99,981 ind /m2. Water conditions were recorded for brightness 1-1,7 m, temperature 29-30,1 oC, salinity 29,5-30‰, current speed 0,071 m/sec, DO 6,78-7,23 ppm, depth 0,75-1,7 m, pH 7,8-8, nitrate 0,01 mg/l, and phosphate 0,073 mg/l.

Вовлечение неарктических субъектов в развитие Арктической зоны Российской Федерации: кейс Санкт-Петербурга

The development of the Arctic territories is a priority in the policy of the Russian Federation, primarily due to the vast resource wealth of the Arctic. In this paper is observed how the state, seeking to ensure the development of the zone, engages non-Arctic actors in the process, facilitating the establishment of interregional and international relations. Saint Petersburg has a special role in this process. The study leads to the conclusion that St. Petersburg should have occupied an intermediary position, accumulating information about the needs and opportunities of the Arctic actors and presenting the information in the foreign policy space. However, problems of an external nature did not allow this vision to be fully realised.

NATURAL RESOURCES AND RESEARCH COMPLEXITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect of natural resources on research complexity in 91 developing countries over the period 2000-2020. The results of the two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimation method show that dependence on natural resources negatively and significantly affects research complexity in developing countries. Furthermore, information and communication technologies, income, education and social dependency constitute the key determinants of research complexity. The results of this paper recommend that developing countries properly manage resource wealth with productive investments and the establishment of strong institutions to avoid a long-term curse. In addition, they must strengthen collaboration between industry and university, because scientific research presents itself as a niche of innovative ideas which, when implemented, will accelerate the process of export diversification in natural resource-intensive industries.

Government responses to oilfield discoveries: Impact of resource wealth on non-resource tax revenues

It has often been argued that countries that produce natural resources mobilize less non-resource tax revenues than other countries. In this paper, we exploit the exogenous variation in the timing of giant oilfield discoveries to estimate the causal impact of natural resources on taxation. The timing of giant oilfield discoveries is arguably exogenous and thus renders them appealing to empirically examine this argument. This allows us to examine the performance of non-resource tax revenue effort before and immediately after discovery as well as the period corresponding to the inflow of revenues from the production. We find that non-resource tax revenues tend to increase in the period following the discovery before the onset of production and after production commences. This effect is due to an increase in non-resource indirect tax revenues. Further analysis shows that both the total and indirect non-resource tax revenues, experience an increase in only low- -middle income countries, and largely driven by an increase in the consumption of goods and services.

From Resource Curse to Resource Wealth: Energy and Economic Transformation for Sustainable Development

This study examines the complex relationship between the energy sector and economic development that poses challenges to sustainable development in resource-producing countries. We investigate the hypothesis that resource-rich developing and underdeveloped nations struggle to maximize the advantages of their crude oil reserves, ultimately experiencing the phenomenon known as the “resource curse”. The paper examines the need for developed countries to formulate new strategies to meet their domestic energy needs. The authors argue that industrialised countries can tap into resources from developing nations, but it is important to ensure that these nations benefit fairly. The research is based on the analysis of data on oil production, human development index (HDI) ranking, and GDP to debt ratio. We call for further research to develop effective policies that can address the relationship between energy and economic issues and propose future research directions to ensure that developing countries can benefit from their energy economies.

Budidaya Ikan Lele Di Kolam Terpal Bundar Di Desa Padang Jaya Kecamatan Padang Jaya Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara

Padang Jaya Village is a village located in the Padang Jaya District, North Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province. Padang Jaya Village is a Village With the majority of community work dominated by farmers or planters, Padang Jaya Village has various potential natural resource wealth, one of the potentials that can be empowered is freshwater fish farming. In order to increase economic value and reduce unemployment, Padang Jaya Village also has a role which is very strategic in terms of providing fish resources and freshwater fish productivity land. However, fish farmers in Padang Jaya Village are currently still using conventional technology where they do fish farming in earthen ponds with large areas of land and Some pond locations are located far from home, besides that in Padang Jaya Village when heavy rains fall there are often floods that cause, there are pond ripens that break so that fish in the pond are carried away by the current causes losses to farmers, especially in fish that are large or ready to be harvested. In order to help solve the problems of fish farmers in Padang Jaya Village, community service activities were carried out by providing counseling on catfish farming in round tarpaulin ponds in Padang Kaya Village, Padang Jaya District, North Bengkulu Regency. Knowledge of techniques or how to cultivate catfish in round tarpaulin ponds and understand the use of tarpaulin ponds as an alternative to increasing additional income in limited land conditions in this case in the yard of the house, besides that farmed fish are easy to control, free from flooding and easy water treatment and fish farmers in Padang Jaya Village get additional income through the sale of farmed catfish. . With the right understanding and ability to do fish farming in round tarpaulin ponds as a form of contribution to increase income generation and have an impact on improving the welfare of the community in Padang Jaya, Padang Jaya District.

STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FREE ECONOMIC ZONES IN UZBEKISTAN

The essence of this article is that the role, activities, advantages and disadvantages of free economic zones in Uzbekistan today, the changes of free economic zones over the years, the emergence of an understanding of strategic activities and free economy, and free economic zones, which are considered the main factor for the socio-economic development of the country. zones, their attractiveness and evaluation criteria, as well as theoretical bases of their necessity are emphasized. This, in turn, requires the deployment and development of production forces in each region based on its mineral and resource wealth. Especially small business and private entrepreneurship, increase and strengthening of export potential, regional economy stability and the current situation in our country are highlighted.

Determining Factors of Economic Growth and Poverty in West Kalimantan

The abundant wealth of natural resources in the West Kalimantan Province, such as bauxite, palm oil, rubber, and coconut, underlies the region's great potential for economic growth. Therefore, being able to identify the factors that influence the province's economic growth and poverty is of vital importance. This study aims to contribute to understanding the primary factors influencing the economic growth and poverty of the region. The objective of this research is to investigate and assess how the economic growth and poverty of West Kalimantan Province, spanning from 2015 to 2021, is impacted by variables such as per capita spending, investment, and government expenditure. This is particularly significant due to the province's diverse regions, each possessing distinct attributes and confronting varying obstacles in pursuing enduring economic development. The analysis employs both the multiple linear approach and the path analysis technique. The findings revealed that the per capita expenditure factor exhibited a partial yet meaningful and favorable impact on economic growth. Meanwhile, the investment factor positively influenced economic growth, although it lacked statistical significance. On the other hand, the government expenditure factor yielded a neutral yet substantial effect on economic growth. In terms of poverty, the per capita expenditure variable demonstrated a non-significant negative impact, while the investment variable exhibited a positive influence on poverty without achieving statistical significance. Similarly, the government expenditure variable positively affected poverty, but this effect was not statistically significant. Notably, the economic growth variable significantly and adversely affected poverty. The outcomes derived from the path analysis indicated that per capita expenditure, investment, and government expenditure significantly influenced poverty while displaying no significant effects on economic growth.

INTERACTION IN AN EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT WITH VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITY

The article is devoted to the problem and features of the use of virtual and augmented reality at general school. The integration of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) in educational environment has opened up new possibilities for engaging and immersive learning experiences. This paper aims to explore the features of participants' interaction within an educational context using VR and AR technologies. To achieve the purpose of our study and also to clarify the problem of determining the features of interaction models of participants in the educational process of a general education institution using virtual and augmented reality we used the following methods: systematic and comparative analysis of pedagogical, psychological, philosophical and sociological works, methodological and specialized literature; analysis of the pedagogical experience of using virtual and augmented reality in general school; synthesis and generalization to formulate the main points of the study; interpretation of the research results. A research study was conducted in a general educational institution, where an educational project using virtual and augmented reality was developed and implemented. The purpose of the project was to investigate the issues surrounding the interaction among participants in the educational process when utilizing these technologies. The results of the questionnaire showed the following: the participants' interaction in the educational process with the use of VR needs improvement, methodological recommendations and research on the organization of this environment for various purposes, such as, for example, students' research of new educational material, performance of laboratory work, joint work of students on research, instructions for the teacher's activities in working with students in VR, etc.; the participants’ interaction in the educational process with the use of AR is best understood by teachers and students, they use both ready-made AR technologies and personally created ones. We concluded that the use of virtual and augmented reality technologies in the educational process provides a wealth of teaching and learning resources that can enhance the learning experience and free participants from limitations in time and space. However, the effective organization of interaction between participants in the educational process using VR and AR requires careful consideration of educational space and pedagogical and methodological recommendations.

PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA AIR TERPADU BERBASIS GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) DI KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS UTARA

North Musi Rawas Regency is a new district that has a wealth of natural resources, one of which is water resources. However, the use of water resources is not maximized and not properly inventoried, especially in disaster activities such as floods and forest fires. This is because the condition of the area is difficult to reach, making it difficult for local governments to map the situation and potential of water resources. The increasing development of science and technology requires local governments to have special data collection systems for natural disaster situations and water resources, especially those that can be accessed by the public. The aim of this research is to identify natural disaster situations and water resource potential based on field data taken and provide information regarding natural disaster data (floods and forest fires) and water resource potential that can be accessed by the government and the public. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide a general overview of information regarding natural disaster situations and water resource potential in North Musi Rawas Regency so that it can become a work reference and decision/policy making for the Government/relevant agencies in disaster emergency response preparedness efforts and the development of sustainable water resource potential development. . The research location is North Musi Rawas Regency. The research method is a field survey. The survey carried out was to collect data and coordinate points for floods and forest fires as well as potential water resources. Next, hydrological system identification and data inventory will be carried out. Then the data was analyzed using a GIS application. The map contains information on disaster point data (floods and forest fires), water facilities and infrastructure as well as water resource potential as part of public information.

Enhancing natural resource rents through industrialization, technological innovation, and foreign capital in the OECD countries: Does financial development matter?

The value of natural resource exploitation increased because of economic advancement, which drives industrialization. When natural resources are overexploited through farming, mining, or deforestation, it can negatively impact the environment and have financial repercussions for the nation in the long run. Therefore, this study examined the impact of technological innovation, industrialization, foreign direct investment (FDI), and financial development on natural resource extraction. This study utilized the augmented mean group (AMG), common correlated effect mean group (CCEMG), and Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality methods to analyze a panel of OECD countries from 1990 to 2021. The paper discovered that innovation significantly decreases natural resource extraction while financial development expands it. However, when controlling for interactive relationships among the variables, this study discovered that innovation independently increases resource extraction. The study also discovered through our causality tests that resource extraction has bidirectional relationships with all its determinants, except for FDI, where it exhibits a unidirectional relationship. Our findings have significant implications for the environment. Extractive activities, though necessary for industrialization, hamper the environment. Yet, the expectation that innovation and foreign capital might introduce efficiency in resource extraction or even reduce reliance on resource wealth in financially developed economies garners no clear empirical support.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of the aster leafhopper (Macrosteles quadrilineatus) reveals the role of environment and microbial symbiosis in shaping pest insect genome evolution.

Leafhoppers comprise over 20,000 plant-sap feeding species, many of which are important agricultural pests. Most species rely on two ancestral bacterial symbionts, Sulcia and Nasuia, for essential nutrition lacking in their phloem and xylem plant sap diets. To understand how pest leafhopper genomes evolve and are shaped by microbial symbioses, we completed a chromosomal-level assembly of the aster leafhopper's genome (ALF; Macrosteles quadrilineatus). We compared ALF's genome to three other pest leafhoppers, Nephotettix cincticeps, Homalodisca vitripennis, and Empoasca onukii, which have distinct ecologies and symbiotic relationships. Despite diverging ~155 million years ago, leafhoppers have high levels of chromosomal synteny and gene family conservation. Conserved genes include those involved in plant chemical detoxification, resistance to various insecticides, and defence against environmental stress. Positive selection acting upon these genes further points to ongoing adaptive evolution in response to agricultural environments. In relation to leafhoppers' general dependence on symbionts, species that retain the ancestral symbiont, Sulcia, displayed gene enrichment of metabolic processes in their genomes. Leafhoppers with both Sulcia and its ancient partner, Nasuia, showed genomic enrichment in genes related to microbial population regulation and immune responses. Finally, horizontally transferred genes (HTGs) associated with symbiont support of Sulcia and Nasuia are only observed in leafhoppers that maintain symbionts. In contrast, HTGs involved in non-symbiotic functions are conserved across all species. The high-quality ALF genome provides deep insights into how host ecology and symbioses shape genome evolution and a wealth of genetic resources for pest control targets.

Perspectives from community partnerships in three diverse higher education contexts


 
 
 Asset-based Community Development (ABCD) approaches in higher education have the potential to benefit a diversity of higher education settings and partners, but they can also present challenges and opportunities for growth in higher education institutions. Co- curricular community engagement and academic service-learning programs may struggle to balance the broader political and logistical constraints imposed by the university with equitable, long-term, community-guided relationships that reflect a genuine commitment to ABCD. Extension programs may face difficulty engaging community members and maintaining their commitment to the long-term nature of ABCD in an environment where ABCD is not universally utilised. Although these challenges may seem daunting, partners in all three contexts can draw on a wealth of ABCD tools and resources, including case studies like those anchoring this discussion, in order to answer the question: How can ABCD approaches be utilised most effectively in higher education contexts to address challenges and improve outcomes? Specifically, can an asset-based orientation help position community participants as peer ‘experts’ alongside their academic partners, share power and authority in the collaboration? If so, how? If not, why not? The authors explore these questions using a case study methodology, allowing for nuanced portraits of three different contexts depicting interactions among community and university partners seeking to ground their collaborations in the mobilisation of assets, gifts and strengths. This article also seeks to identify key lessons learned in each setting of the three participating United States universities – the public, four-year research institution, the private religious university and the land-grant college/cooperative extension in order to make recommendations on using ABCD to build and nurture academic-community partnerships that are generalisable across other contexts.
 
 

The resource curse and the role of institutions revisited

AbstractMany studies have shown that natural resource abundant countries with strong institutions tend to escape the resource curse. Institutional quality has been examined using broad indices of rule of law, the rate of murder, the share of the shadow economy and provision of public goods. Nonetheless, we need to locate the specific institutional conditions under which the curse manifests since some “rule of law” countries like Nigeria and Angola are generally classified as resource cursed. In this review, I argue that managing and distributing natural resource wealth through a centralised planning strategy and lack of a binding long-term national development plan are institutional conditions that encourage government unaccountability as they do not restrict policy makers against discretionary distribution of natural resource windfall, rent seeking, clientelism and corruption which contribute to poor economic development and growth. Also, inadequate regulations on how to address the potential or actual impacts of natural resource extraction on the livelihood of local people and the environment tend to precipitate grievance-induced resource conflict.

Innovation for sustainability: Harnessing the power of efficient natural resource markets for a greener economic recovery

Amidst China's wealth of resources, not all are harnessed effectively. With a surging economy and population, enhancing ecological capacity through more efficient resource use is imperative. This study examines panel data from 2012 to 2020 to probe how wealth inequality influences 30 Chinese regions' resource efficiency. Rigorous analysis yielded strong explanatory power. Notably, disparities in green innovation capabilities and natural resource abundance emerge as primary drivers of differentiation. Findings indicate that a nation's wealth gap directly impacts its ecological innovation capacity and sustainable resource provision. Significant income disparities correlate with reduced resource efficiency, underscoring the role of economic inequality. Addressing this issue, strategies like industry clustering and eco-friendly tax policies can mitigate economic disparities' negative influence on resource efficiency. Furthermore, this study spotlights disruptive technological advancements, challenging the traditional inverse link between economic inequality and resource efficiency, and offering promising avenues for a greener future.

Intraspecific phylogeny and genomic resources development for an important medical plant Dioscorea nipponica, based on low-coverage whole genome sequencing data.

Dioscorea nipponica Makino, a perennial twining herb with medicinal importance, has a disjunctive distribution in the Sino-Japanese Floristic Region. It has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine, with demonstrated efficacy against various health conditions. However, the limited genomic data and knowledge of genetic variation have hindered its comprehensive exploration, utilization and conservation. In this study, we undertook low-coverage whole genome sequencing of diverse D. nipponica accessions to develop both plastome (including whole plastome sequences, plastome-derived SSRs and plastome-divergent hotspots) and nuclear genomic resources (including polymorphic nuclear SSRs and single-copy nuclear genes), as well as elucidate the intraspecific phylogeny of this species. Our research revealed 639 plastome-derived SSRs and highlighted six key mutational hotspots (namely CDS ycf1, IGS trnL-rpl32, IGS trnE-trnT, IGS rps16-trnQ, Intron 1 of clpP, and Intron trnG) within these accessions. Besides, three IGS regions (i.e., ndhD-cssA, trnL-rpl32, trnD-trnY), and the intron rps16 were identified as potential markers for distinguishing D. nipponica from its closely related species. In parallel, we successfully developed 988 high-quality candidate polymorphic nuclear SSRs and identified 17 single-copy nuclear genes for D. nipponica, all of which empower us to conduct in-depth investigations into phylogenetics and population genetics of this species. Although our phylogenetic analyses, based on plastome sequences and single-copy nuclear genes revealed cytonuclear discordance within D. nipponica, both findings challenged the current subspecies classification. In summary, this study developed a wealth of genomic resources for D. nipponica and enhanced our understanding of the intraspecific phylogeny of this species, offering valuable insights that can be instrumental in the conservation and strategic utilization of this economically significant plant.

Sustainable strategies for boosting profitability: Unveiling the connection between fiscal policy and natural resource efficiency

In this study, we delve into the vital relationship between fiscal policy and natural resource efficiency, aiming to uncover sustainable strategies that can enhance profitability. States are recommended to establish fiscal restrictions under three circumstances: high levels of internal institutional quality, significant rent from natural assets, and external pressure to apply these instructions. Resource-rich countries that depend on natural reserve rents are less likely to enact efficient fiscal restrictions, even after accounting for characteristics like democracies and domestic quality of institutions, according to an analysis of panel data covering 166 countries from 1985 to 2021. The negative effect of a wealth of natural resources on the possibility of enacting fiscal rules is compounded by the country's weak institutions. As a result of IMF fiscal constraints, more countries are likely to implement fiscal rules, which may help alleviate the resource curse. This paper also finds that fiscal conditions imposed by the IMF raise the probability of nations adopting fiscal regulations, suggesting that there are ways for countries to mitigate the effects of the resource curse. Furthermore, these results remain robust across different datasets, model parameters, and estimate methods, including the instrumental parameter method.

The Role of Economic Intelligence in Accelerating Welfare of Gorontalo Province

The Gorontalo Province region has the potential for significant resource wealth. However, the Gorontalo Provincial Government still faces problems and challenges when trying to improve the welfare of its people. One is the limited data/information that is accurate, up-to-date, and integrated. This data/information is important in planning and making appropriate decisions. Another problem is that the community's role in modern development based on economic intelligence in Gorontalo Province has not been optimal. This means that the public and even bureaucrats are still unfamiliar with "Economic Intelligence." As a result, economic intelligence has not been fully used in planning, implementing programs/activities, evaluating and monitoring, or government decision-making processes. This research aims to analyze the problems and challenges in modern development based on economic intelligence in Gorontalo Province. This research uses a qualitative-descriptive approach. This study found that the main problems in modern development based on economic intelligence in Gorontalo Province are: 1) The lack of integration of economic data/information from various government and private agencies; 2) Lack of human resources (HR) who are reliable and have competence as managers and/or analysts of scientific data; and 3) Lack of technological support in managing economic data/information. The results of data analysis also show that the role of society in modern development based on economic intelligence is still very low. A lack of public understanding of the importance of economic intelligence causes this. Therefore, it is recommended that the Gorontalo Provincial Government make: 1) efforts to integrate economic data/information from various government and private agencies; 2) increase human resource capacity in managing and analyzing scientific data; 3) provide technological support in managing economic data/information; and 4) increase public understanding of the importance of economic intelligence.

Development of SSR markers identification system for Carex L. based on RAD sequencing

In this study, we designed and evaluated an efficient set of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing data of four widely utilized Carex L. accession across Northern China, especially in Beijing. Based on their genomic sequencing data, we developed 400 SSR markers and evaluated their amplification specificities among which a total of 17 SSR markers were identified as a core set of molecular markers for efficient assessment of diverse Carex L. accessions. Using this molecular identification system, we classified 26 Carex L. accessions into 3 genetically distinct groups. The establishment of a molecular identification system based on a core set of 17 SSR markers provides an essential basis for evaluating genetic relationships among Carex L. accessions along with a wealth of genetic resources for marker-assisted selection and breeding of Carex L..

Impact of natural resources on income equality in Gulf Cooperation Council: Evidence from machine learning approach

The resource rich countries in Gulf witness an acute income inequality among various segment of population. Therefore, this study is an attempt to examine effect of oil and gas resources on aggregate and disaggregated income inequality in 6 GCC countries such as Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and UAE from 1980 to 2020. The estimated result of aggregate analysis reveals that the rent from oil and gas resources are major source of acute income inequality in GCC countries. While the disaggregate analysis shows that the increase in oil and gas rent increase income of top 1 and 10 percent, whereas reduces income share of 40 and bottom 50 percent significantly. The findings thus validated the prevalence of Dutch diseases phenomena and urges GCC countries to diversify resource wealth for development of other sectors to enhance equitable income distribution.