Weak Texture Research Articles

Single-Point Least Square Matching Embedded Method for Improving Visual SLAM

Visual simultaneous location and mapping (VSLAM) has been widely used today, but for some tough cases with insufficient feature points (such as weak texture and motion blur), it is still an ongoing challenge to further boost the corresponding robustness and accuracy. In this paper, to address the problem of inadequate feature points, for conventional visual SLAM, we improve the original feature matching mechanism by providing more correspondences with higher position precision. Firstly, based on the original feature matching results in the map initialization stage, a single-point least square matching (LSM) which iteratively refines position of the matching points by considering geometric and photometric consistency, is presented to improve the map initialization result. Secondly, to improve the tracking performance, given the motion model, the single-point LSM is again used to yield new correspondences from the unsuccessfully matched features of original matching mechanism between current frame and previous frame in the tracking thread, and these extra correspondences participate in and boost the subsequent pose optimization. Lastly, for newly inserted keyframe, we focus on identifying the corresponding 3D map points’ reprojections on relevant local neighbor keyframes, these reprojections are added in the local bundle adjustment (BA) optimization for further improving the estimation of camera pose and local map. The popular VSLAM package, ORB-SLAM2, is used to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed improvements. An ablation study on accuracy and tracking stability on public datasets are reported, furthermore, the comparisons with several state of the arts (namely, VINS-Mono, ORB-SLAM3, DSO, PL-SLAM) are investigated. The experimental results show that our approach can improve accuracy in weak texture scenes and motion blur cases, reduce the number of tracking loss and improve tracking robustness.

Unraveling the inherent anisotropic properties of in situ alloyed copper-modified titanium alloys produced by laser powder bed fusion

Preventing anisotropy in materials produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) has become a major challenge. In this work, we achieved good mechanical properties in LPBF-produced titanium by promoting the columnar to equiaxed transition (CET) though alloying with copper to produce a Ti-5 wt% Cu alloy. Horizontal specimens at different build heights all consisted of mainly equiaxed prior-β grains (∼ 13 µm) with ultrafine α lamellae (∼ 0.19 µm width) that exhibited weak textures. Thermal cycling along the build direction (BD) not only promoted the segregation of Cu from top to bottom, but also converted the compressive residual stress (−109.0 ± 22.2 MPa) to tensile residual stress (10.4 ± 9.7 MPa). The friction coefficient, hardness, and wear resistance found in different sections of the build were all very similar. The wear mechanism of the specimens was a combination of abrasive and delamination wear. The yield strength, ultimate strength, and elongation of specimens from the top section of the build were 993 ± 18 MPa, 1145 ± 60 MPa, and 8.6 ± 0.2%, respectively. While the strength of the middle and bottom specimens remains at the same level as that of the top specimen, a reduction in elongation was observed due to the segregation of Cu. Additionally, the strength of vertical specimens was about 50–70 MPa higher than that of horizontal specimens, which is thought to be caused by residual stress gradient along the BD.

Vacuum melting of compressed powders and hot rolling of the as-cast Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.7Cr-0.3Si intermetallic alloy: Mechanical properties and microstructural analysis

The amalgamated effect of hot-rolling, rapid cooling and heat treatment on the grain refinement and the resultant mechanical properties of an intermetallic sheet of nominal composition Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.7Cr-0.3Si was investigated. The sheet of 4 mm thickness was fabricated by hot-pack rolling from the vacuum arc remelted (VAR) ingot using a conventional two-high rolling mill. After the final rolling pass, the canned specimen was rapidly cooled in the air to room temperature followed by heat treatment in the α + γ region. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the as-rolled sheet revealed slightly elongated grains of a typical “duplex (DP)” microstructure with a mean grain size of about 3 μm which grew to about 4 μm and became more equiaxed and homogeneous after heat treatment. Moreover, the EBSD micro-texture indicated a weak cube texture in the rolled + heat-treated sheet. Furthermore, the results from the profilometry-based indentation plastometry of the rolled + heat treated specimen illustrated the balanced and improved mechanical properties compared to the as-cast and as-rolled samples, and also those of similar alloy systems found in the literature.

On the microstructure and texture of intermetallics in Al/Mg/Al multi-layer composite fabricated by Accumulative Roll Bonding

The microstructure and texture of the intermetallics in Al/Mg/Al multi-layer composite fabricated by Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) at 400 °C up to 6 cycles were investigated using Electron BackScatter Diffraction (EBSD) and Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction (SXRD). EBSD and SXRD analysis have shown that ARB processing leads to the formation of Al3Mg2 and Mg17Al12 intermetallics soon after the second ARB cycle with a global thickness of 12 (N = 2) to 22 µm (N = 6). The polycrystalline intermetallics plates growth was columnar and normal to the bonding interface. A constitutional liquefaction region was depicted ahead of the plates with an unusual rugged migration front. The Al3Mg2 and Mg17Al12 intermetallic compounds which formed after 2 ARB cycles have approximately the same average grain size (1.0 µm) at this cycle. After 4 ARB cycles, the grain refinement of Al3Mg2 is more than 4 times higher than in Mg17Al12. The average grain size of Al3Mg2 and Mg17Al12 reach 0.2 and 0.9 µm, respectively. After 6 cycles of ARB, the average grain size of both Al3Mg2 and Mg17Al12 increased to 1.5 µm and 2.8 µm, respectively. The dislocation density obeyed a ρAl3Mg2 > ρAZ31 > ρAl 1050 ∼ ρMg17Al12 hierarchy after N = 4 and 6 ARB cycles and the Al3Mg2 was shown to store more dislocations. Through the ARB processing, a usual strong basal (0002) texture was depicted in AZ31 layers and a weak rolling texture was shown in Al 1050 layers with a dominant Rotated Cube (001) 110 > component that vanished after upon increasing ARB cycles. The Al3Mg2 and Mg17Al12 intermetallics were characterized by a random texture.

Effect of micro-texture and orientation incompatibility on the mechanical properties of Ti60 alloy

In this work, the effects of no-micro-texture regions (no-MTR, weak texture) and strong-MTR on the mechanical properties of Ti60 alloy engine blisk materials were investigated. It has been shown that MTR has a small effect on the room temperature strength of the alloy, but strongly affects plasticity, which reaches 18.5% for no-MTR alloy is twice as high as for MTR alloy. In contrast to no-MTR alloys, MTR alloys have only two-stage strain hardening behavior and fracture before meeting the instability criterion. Based on digital image correlation (DIC), high-resolution DIC and in-situ tensile analyses show that no-MTR alloys produce more uniform strains in deformation than MTR alloy. MTR exacerbates the slip deformation and local strain inhomogeneity in the hardening stage. Prevent premature fracture by eliminating MTR, thereby substantially increasing no-MTR alloy plasticity and triggering excellent work-hardening ability due to the uniformity of local deformation and dislocation multiplication. Meanwhile, the unique deformation characteristics of the combination of (0001) and (10 1‾ 0) soft orientations are proposed and elucidated. The incompatibility of the two orientations causes stronger slip deformation incompatibility, resulting in local strains and dislocation slips clustered mainly at the grain or MTR boundaries of the (0001) and (101‾ 0) soft orientation features, which further exacerbates the alloy failure at the microscopic level.

The improvement on mechanical anisotropy of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets by multi cross-rolling process

The rolled AZ31 Mg alloy sheets were manufactured by unidirectional rolling and cross-rolling with two passes and five passes in this study. The improvement of multi cross-rolling on the anisotropy of mechanical properties, microstructure and texture of AZ31 Mg alloys was investigated by tensile fracture experiments, optical microscopy (OM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results indicate that the samples after rolling which were rotated by 90° showed weaker anisotropy than the samples rolled by 0° path. The ultimate tensile strength of the samples after 0° direction rolling increased from 236 MPa to 338 MPa on the transverse direction (TD) compared to as-rolled samples. The ultimate tensile strength of unidirectional rolling samples with two and five passes paralleled to TD is increased by 7% and 14% than that of cross-rolling samples. The enhanced mechanical properties are attributed to fine-grained strengthening, twin strengthening and dislocation strengthening. The {10−12} extension twin, {10−11} contraction twin and {10−12}-{10−11} double twin were investigated in the microstructure of samples by multi cross-rolling. All the samples showed the basal texture on the {0001} < 11–20 > . The basal texture of cross-rolling samples was apparently weakened for comparison to unidirectional rolling samples and the basal texture of five-pass cross-rolling samples was weaker than that of two passes. The improvement of anisotropy after cross-rolling can be attributed to grain refinement, the activation of non-basal slip and the weakening of basal texture.

Assessment of Microstructural, Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties of Ti-42Nb Alloy Manufactured by Electron Beam Melting.

The β-type Ti-42Nb alloy has been successfully manufactured from pre-alloyed powder using the E-PBF method for the first time. This study presents thorough microstructural investigations employing diverse methodologies such as EDS, XRD, TEM, and EBSD, while mechanical properties are assessed using UPT, nanoindentation, and compression tests. Microstructural analysis reveals that Ti-42Nb alloy primarily consisted of the β phase with the presence of a small amount of nano-sized α″-martensite formed upon fast cooling. The bimodal-grained microstructure of Ti-42Nb alloy comprising epitaxially grown fine equiaxed and elongated equiaxed β-grains with an average grain size of 40 ± 28 µm exhibited a weak texture. The study shows that the obtained microstructure leads to improved mechanical properties. Young's modulus of 78.69 GPa is significantly lower than that of cp-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloys. The yield strength (379 MPa) and hardness (3.2 ± 0.5 GPa) also meet the criteria and closely approximate the values typical of cortical bone. UPT offers a reliable opportunity to study the nature of the ductility of the Ti-42Nb alloy by calculating its elastic constants. XPS surface analysis and electrochemical experiments demonstrate that the better corrosion resistance of the alloy in SBF is maintained by the dominant presence of TiO2 and Nb2O5. The results provide valuable insights into the development of novel low-modulus Ti-Nb alloys, which are interesting materials for additive-manufactured implants with the desired properties required for their biomedical applications.

Enhancement of strength and ductility in 6061Al alloy processed by cross accumulative roll bonding

To achieve a good match between strength and ductility, plates of 6061 Al alloy were prepared by cross accumulative roll bonding (CARB) at ambient temperature for up to 7 cycles. The microstructures were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. The results show that both the ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the CARB specimens are significantly better than those of ARB. Grain size of the samples processed by CARB is smaller, and more low-angle grain boundaries transform into high-angle grain boundaries. Also, the dislocation density in the CARB sample is higher. The rolling texture of the 6061 Al alloy processed by CARB is obviously weakened, and the Brass {011}〈211〉 texture is the main one. The higher strength of CARB 6061 Al alloy is mainly dominated by fine grain strengthening and dislocation strengthening, while the higher ductility is due to the finer grains and weak texture.

Microstructure and Texture Evolution of Hot-Rolled Mg-3Gd Alloy during Recrystallization

An Mg-3Gd (wt.%) sample with gradient rolling strains (ε = 0–0.55) was prepared using a wedge-shaped plate after one-pass hot rolling, allowing a high-throughput characterization of microstructure and texture over a wide strain range within one hot-rolled plate. The microstructure and texture evolutions were characterized as a function of rolling strain for the as-hot-rolled sample and as a function of annealing temperature for the subsequently annealed samples. The deformed microstructure showed a gradual change with increasing rolling strain, i.e., from a deformation twins-dominant structure in the low strain range of 0–0.20, to a shear bands-dominant structure in the higher strain range of 0.20–0.55. The recrystallization behavior during annealing showed a clear correlation between the recrystallization nucleation site and the deformed microstructure. However, a weak recrystallization texture with non-basal texture components was formed over almost the entire strain range. This work demonstrates a high-throughput experimental strategy using a wedge-shaped sample to investigate the effect of various processing parameters, such as strain and annealing temperature, on the evolution of microstructure, texture, and mechanical properties, which could accelerate the optimization of processing parameters and microstructural design.

SCFusion: Infrared and Visible Fusion Based on Salient Compensation.

The aim of infrared and visible image fusion is to integrate the complementary information of the two modalities for high-quality fused images. However, many deep learning fusion algorithms have not considered the characteristics of infrared images in low-light scenes, leading to the problems of weak texture details, low contrast of infrared targets and poor visual perception in the existing methods. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a salient compensation-based fusion method that makes sufficient use of the characteristics of infrared and visible images to generate high-quality fused images under low-light conditions. First, we design a multi-scale edge gradient module (MEGB) in the texture mainstream to adequately extract the texture information of the dual input of infrared and visible images; on the other hand, the salient tributary is pre-trained by salient loss to obtain the saliency map based on the salient dense residual module (SRDB) to extract salient features, which is supplemented in the process of overall network training. We propose the spatial bias module (SBM) to fuse global information with local information. Finally, extensive comparison experiments with existing methods show that our method has significant advantages in describing target features and global scenes, the effectiveness of the proposed module is demonstrated by ablation experiments. In addition, we also verify the facilitation of this paper's method for high-level vision on a semantic segmentation task.

Ductile behavior assisted by continuous dynamic recrystallization during high-temperature deformation of calcium-added magnesium alloy AZX612

Magnesium alloys containing Ca have an ignition point above the melting point and are known as non-inflammable magnesium alloys. Herein, the texture and microstructure formation of a Ca-added alloy, AZX612, during uniaxial tensile deformation at elevated temperatures is reported. The total elongation increases with temperature primarily due to prolonged unstable plastic deformation. The texture formed by room-temperature deformation is the conventional deformation texture of magnesium, which has 101̅0 along the tensile axis as the main component. At 573 K, the texture remains almost unchanged, even after straining up to 84%. Results of microstructural analysis show that fine dynamically recrystallized grains exhibit a weak texture at 573 K. Additionally, the deformed matrix exhibits a texture similar to that formed via room-temperature deformation. The significant elongation at high temperatures is attributable to the relaxation of strain concentration via continuous dynamic recrystallization.

Reducing the cyclic tension-compression asymmetry and cyclic hardening of ZK61 magnesium alloy via the compression-extrusion process

In order to reduce the cyclic tension-compression asymmetry and cyclic hardening that exists widely in magnesium alloys, ZK61magnesium alloys with different texture intensities and grain sizes were fabricated by conventional extrusion and compression-extrusion process. It was found that the compression-extrusion process had a remarkable effect on the texture weakening and grain refining, which significantly improved monotonic tension-compression asymmetry and cyclic tension-compression asymmetry. Under their combined effects, the {10–12} twinning-detwinning behavior of ZK61 magnesium alloy during cyclic tension-compression deformation was effectively suppressed, resulting in a remarkable reduction of the difference of peak stresses in tension and compression. In the meantime, shape asymmetry embodied in a concave-up characteristic of the cyclic hysteresis loops was almost eliminated as the weakening of the detwinning-prismatic slip transition. Twinning-promoted dislocation pile-up and twinning-induced grain segmentation were significantly attenuated with texture weakening and grain refining, leading to a substantial weakening of cyclic hardening. Eventually, ZK61 magnesium alloy with low cyclic tension-compression.

Texture weakening and ductility improvement of Mg-1.1Mn-0.5Al alloy via medium temperature-high reduction rolling: twinning variants selection and dynamic recrystallization mechanism

The weakening of basal texture is beneficial to improve the formability and mechanical properties of deformed magnesium alloys. In this paper, the microstructure and texture evolution of single pass rolled Mg-1.1Mn-0.5Al alloys with various reduction of 10%–60% at 200 °C were observed to reveal twin variants selection and mediated dynamic recrystallization (DRX) mechanism. The results showed that the type and volume fraction of activated twins were strongly related to rolling reduction. Primary {101¯2} tensile twins (TTWs), which were mainly activated in the 10% reduction rolled alloys, were not sufficient to induce recrystallization due to the absence of cumulative dislocation and lower plastic strain energy. In contrast, {101¯1}/ {101¯3} compression twins (CTWs) and {101¯1}−{101¯2}/ {101¯3}−{101¯2} double twins (DTWs) were preferred for recrystallization because of higher dislocation accumulation and stored strain energy. The occurrence of DRX was beneficial to absorb stored energy, relax stress concentration and weaken basal texture in adjacent domains. Due to the sufficient stress provided by massive basal slip dislocations, the type I and type II DTWs were more commonly observed than the type III and type IV variants, which involved much more dissociations of the mixed <c+a> dislocations in deformed magnesium alloys.

Effect of ECAP on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Zn-0.5Ag-0.08Mg alloy

Zn–Ag alloys are recently regarded as highly promising biodegradable materials for medical applications, but they suffer from inferior mechanical properties. In this work, a Zn-0.5Ag-0.08Mg (wt.%) alloy with high strength and ductility was obtained by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). Zn-0.5Ag-0.08Mg samples were ECAP processed for six different passes (1P, 2P, 3P, 4P, 8P, and 12P) to investigate the effect of ECAP on the microstructure and mechanical properties. Samples processed for 3P, 4P, 8P, and 12P exhibit mechanical properties satisfying the application requirements. The sample processed for 4P possesses the largest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 388.1 MPa, accompanied by an excellent elongation (EL) of 45.3%. The sample processed for 12P shows the best EL of 58.3%, along with a high UTS of 332.5 MPa. The high strength is attributed to grain boundary strengthening and dislocation strengthening. The high ductility is closely related to relatively weak texture, grain refinement, and twin boundary suppression.

Unexpectedly formed strong basal texture in a rolled Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn alloy sheet

The reheating at high temperature, which contributed to the significant texture weakening in rolled Mg alloys, was used to control the textural features of a Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn alloy sheet. The grain coarsening was apparent when the alloy was reheated at high temperature of 450 °C, facilitating the formation of double twinning and shear bands during rolling. Double twinning and shear bands generally cause the weakening of basal texture after post-annealing; however, the basal texture became strong in the Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn alloy sheet rolled with reheating at 450 °C. The electron backscattered diffraction revealed that the non-uniformly distributed dislocations caused such unexpected textural development. In contrast, when the reheating was performed at 350 °C, the alloy formed uniform deformation-microstructure after rolling, contributing to the apparent texture weakening by the static recrystallization at double twinning during post-annealing.

Evaluation of microstructure and tensile properties of Mg–5Zn-xZr-yCa alloys

In this work, an attempt was made to study the synergetic effects of changes in alloying elements including Zr and Ca, as well as the hot extrusion process on the microstructure, texture, and mechanical properties of Mg–Zn-xZr-yCa (x= 0.2 and 0.8 wt %; and 0<y<2) alloy. To do so, a variety of tests (OM, SEM, EBSD, EDS, TEM, APT, hardness and tensile tests) were performed after sample preparation. It was shown that Ca/Zr ratio plays an essential role in modifying the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy. For Ca/Zr<1, the grains size was remarkably refined to 1.2 μm, the wrought texture was moderately weakened, and the mechanical properties were significantly increased to 429 MPa. However, for Ca/Zr>1 grain size was almost unchanged, the texture of hot-extruded alloys became more equiaxed after hot extrusion, and tensile strength decreased compared to with Ca/Zr=1. Microstructural analysis revealed that Zr-bearing phases (Zn22Zr and Zn39Zr5) and solute theory were the dominant mechanisms of grain refinement in the as-cast state. An atom probe tomography technique was utilized to assess the segregation of solute elements into the grain boundaries. It was shown that particle stimulated nucleation is not likely to be the main mechanism of texture weakening of extruded alloys; and the solute segregation into grain boundaries facilitates this phenomenon. Finally, it was seen that values of yield and ultimate tensile strengths of Mg–5Zn-0.8Zr-0.5Ca were 372 and 429 MPa, respectively.

Multi-Scale Aggregation Stereo Matching Network Based on Dense Grouping Atrous Convolution

The key to image depth estimation is to accurately find corresponding points between the left and right images. A binocular camera can directly estimate the depth of the left and right image range, which completely avoids the requirement of target recognition accuracy in a monocular depth estimation. However, it is difficult for binocular stereo matching to accurately segment objects and find matching points in the ill-posed areas (weak texture, deformation, object edge, etc.) of the left and right images. In the semantic segmentation task, atrous convolution is used to solve the contradiction between the receptive field and the segmentation accuracy. This research focused on balancing the impact of holes on the segmentation task. In addition, in order to solve the issue where matching points in the ill-posed regions of left and right images are affected by noise, we used a 3D convolution to aggregate the cost volume to obtain better accuracy. However, the 3D convolution method is prone to mismatching in ill-posed areas of the image. To tackle the problems above, we proposed a dense grouping atrous convolution spatial pyramid pooling (DenseGASPP) method. The feature of the DenseGASPP method is that there is a dense connection between the group atrous convolutions to fully integrate feature information. This method can expand the receptive field and balance the effect of holes on the segmentation task. Moreover, we introduced multi-scale cost aggregation into our method, which uses the repeated exchange of information between cost volumes of different scales to obtain rich contextual information and reduce the mismatching of the network. To evaluate the performance of our method, we conducted several groups of typical algorithm experiments on the scene flow and KITTI 2015 standard datasets. From the results, our model achieves better performance, reducing the EPE from 1.09 to 0.67, which improves the mismatching ability of binocular depth estimation algorithm in ill-posed regions.

Unraveling the self-annealing behavior of cryo-rolled Cu-Fe-P alloy sheets: Evidence and implications

Deformation of Cu-Fe-P alloys at cryogenic temperature (CT) leads to the evolution of a complex microstructure, which includes deformed and recrystallized grains, strain localizations (SLs), and heterogeneous deformation. In this study, specimens of Cu-Fe-P alloy were subjected to cryogenic rolling (CR) at reduction ratios (RR) of 20, 40, 60, and 80%. The microstructural evolution of the CR specimens was characterized using electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Severely deformed CR specimens showed SLs, which formed predominantly in the Copper and S oriented grains. After deformation, the CR specimens exhibited self-annealing behavior, which is also referred to as static recrystallization (SRX). Self-annealing at room temperature (RT) caused grain nucleation at the deformed grain boundaries (GBs) and at the SLs. The nucleation of new grains was attributed to both discontinuous SRX (DSRX) and continuous SRX (CSRX) phenomena. The characteristics of DSRX and CSRX grains were analyzed based on transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD) and HR-TEM investigations. DSRX grains were surrounded by high-angle GBs, whereas CSRX grains showed sub-boundaries with no dislocations inside. The as-received Cu-Fe-P specimen showed a weak plane-strain texture that intensity increased with an increase in the RR. The CR-80 specimen showed the highest-intensity for plane-strain texture components. SRX at the SLs showed preferential formations of Copper, Brass and S-nucleated grains in the CR-80 specimen. In this study, crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM) was used to calculate the stored energy, relative slip activity and texture fractions for the CR specimens. Copper and S oriented grains showed the occurrence of predominant single-slip systems near the severely deformed regions which was the primary cause of SLs formation.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Al-Sn-Ca alloy extruded by asymmetric severe shear extrusion with different asymmetric coefficients

Magnesium alloys with grain refinement and texture weakening are long-term targets in the field of light alloys. A new asymmetric severe shear extrusion (ASSE) process is developed in this paper, which is specially designed to refine the grain and weaken the texture of deformed magnesium alloys. The effect of asymmetry coefficient (AC) on microstructure and properties of extruded products was studied. The results show that ASSE can effectively change metal flow. AC-1.5 shows the best mechanical properties, grain refinement (∼8.6 µm) and texture weakening. The yield strength is about 175.9 MPa and elongation is about 19 %. This study provides a theoretical basis for the further development of partial symmetric extrusion.

Effects of microstructure and texture on the deep drawability of C10200 copper sheets

Formability of copper sheet is generally affected by microstructure and crystallographic texture. In this study, the effects of two different microstructure and textures on the deep drawability of C10200 copper sheets were analyzed by the optical microscopy (OM), the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) technique. The results show that the first rolling reduction rate before intermediate annealing decreased, and the strong {001}<100> (Cube) texture was formed after final annealing. When the second rolling reduction decreased, Cube texture was weak and final annealing textures dominated by {123}<634> (S), {112}<111> (Copper) and {110}<112> (Brass) components were obtained. The texture difference had a great influence on the deep drawing quality. Strong Cube texture was unfavorable for deep drawing because of the more heterogeneous strain distribution resulted from the remarkable planar anisotropy, while the coexistence of S, Copper, Brass, and {110}<001> (Goss) texture components was conducive to improving the average r-values, which was beneficial to the deep drawability.