Waste Management Site Research Articles

Strategi Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Sampah Terpadu Di Desa Sanur Kauh, Denpasar

The increase in waste production is directly proportional to the increase in population and the level of public consumption, because waste is the remnant of human activities. This is also an exception in the village of Sanur Kauh, South Denpasar District, Denpasar City. Sanur Kauh Village, currently has a Waste Management Site (TPS3R) managed by a Self-Help Group (KSM). The waste management system at Sekar Tanjung TPS with a 3R system, namely Reduce (reduction of waste products starting from the source), Reduce (Recycling for waste that can be reused) and Recycle (recycling waste) until now has been running but not optimal. The purpose of this study was to analyze the economic value of waste generated from waste management in Sanur Kauh Village, and also formulate a strategy to optimize the management of TPS 3R right in the tourist area of ​​Sanur Kauh Village. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive with data analysis using SWOT analysis, and using EFAS IFAS quadrant so as to produce a Waste Management Optimization Strategy which is the result of research from management aspects, aspects of human resources and aspects of infrastructure. The strategy generated from the SWOT analysis is the S-O strategy, namely Optimizing the Cooperation Agreement between the PSPLP Working Unit Prov. Bali with Sanur Kauh Village, and maximizing the organizational structure.

WASTE REDUCTION THROUGH INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT MODELING AT MUSTIKA RESIDENCE (TANGERANG)

In Indonesia, there are classic issues about waste that are highlighted due to the country’s critical conditions. Uncontrolled population growth and regional development have led to massive waste production. One popular practice in waste management is located at integrated waste management site (TPST). This practice has been implemented successfully by TPST Mustika Iklhas, a small community operation in Tangerang. Though different from previous operations, its success is achieved by active community participation, far away from government intervention. This study looks at management practices in TPST Mustika Ikhlas. The method used to address real and complex problems is called system dynamics. This method uses life cycle thinking to address the waste management practice in Mustika Residence. Once the model was constructed, a simulation was carried out within 1,080 days. In this study, exponential behaviors were generated in the main variables such as waste, inorganic waste, and compost. However, organic waste exhibited oscillation behavior due to its processing time needed to convert to compost. From the results and discussion, we conclude that integrated waste management in TPST Mustika Ikhlas has been effective in reducing waste through conversion to inorganic waste and compost. Intervention to Business-As-Usual (BAU) should focus on two leverage variables: retribution and TPST cash flow.

Environmental Waste Management to Create A Healthy Environment: A Policy Study of Sungai Penuh Regional Government

The Incorrect way of waste management will be caused by a harmful effect on the environment. This study is conducted in order to see and review the policies being implemented by Sungai Penuh Regional Government in waste management, in order to create a healthy environment. The goals of conducting this study on to become a legal research, which is based on an empirical research. The result from this study shows that this Regional Regulations (Perda) has not been applied to its maximum capabilities due to the fact that there are still some required Regulations of Mayor (Peraturan Walikota) that has not been implemented yet. The Waste Management Policy in the City of Sungai Penuh has not been implemented thoroughly, there is still no coordination between the related institutions. The Integrated Waste Management Site in Renah Kayu Embun is a rented site by the Regional Government, and the said rent would be up on April 2018. The amount of waste generated per day is up to 36,421 tonnes. 81,496% of those waste is household waste, which amounted up to 29,682 tonnes per day. Estimated waste reduction in the City of Sungai Penuh is as follows: Organic waste amounted up to 2,47 tonnes; Non-organic waste amounted up to 6,25 tonnes; From the total amount of waste per day of 36,421 tonnes, around 15,77 tonnes (43,29%) of it would processed which resulting in the unprocessed waste which has to be dumped at the Garbage Dump Site (TPA/TPST) is amounted to 20,651 tonnes per day (56,71% from the total amount of waste per day).

Utilization Of Organic Waste As Feed On The Cultivation Of Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) With Biofloc System In Sitirejo Village

One of the main commodities of aquaculture fishery in Indonesia is tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). One of the competitive constraints of the farmers in the field is the price of feed is quite expensive, so 60-70% of the production costs used for feed. The purpose of this activity is to utilize the organic waste as fish feed in the TPST (Integrated Waste Management Site) in Sitirejo Village to be processed as fish feed. The method used in this activity is Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) which involves the community in the activity. Implementation of this activity includes socialization, training, monitoring and evaluation. Organic waste materials such as leek, celery, mustard, cabbage, sprout, corncobs, grated coconut pulp, fruit like melon, papaya, pineapple, apple, bone and fish head. Organic feed was applied to 3 tilapia ponds with a diameter of 2 meters with a weight of 400 fish per pond. Tilapia seed used is measuring 10-12 cm. An organic feed is given twice daily with a dose of 5% of the fish weight. After ± 75 days of maintenance, the yield of 223 kg of tilapia produced from 3 ponds of biofloc.. The application of organic feed is able to reduce production costs up to 56.25% of the use of factory feed at a cost of Rp 4,350,000 to 1,902,850 when applied feed from organic waste.

Community Based 3R Waste Management Strategy (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) Bantas Village, Selemadeg Timur District, Tabanan Regency

Garbage can be interpreted as a consequence of the activities of human life. It is undeniable, garbage will always be there as long as life activities continue to run. Every year, it can be ascertained that the volume of waste will always increase along with the increasing pattern of public consumerism. The landfill which is increasingly polluting the environment requires a technique and management to manage waste into something useful and of economic value, Bantas Village, Selemadeg Timur District, Tabanan Regency currently has a Waste Management Site (TPS3R) managed by Non-Governmental Organizations (KSM ) The source of waste comes from Households, Stalls, Restaurant Entrepreneurs, Schools, Offices and Ceremonies which are organic and inorganic waste. The waste management system at Bantas Lestari TPS with 3R system is Reduce (reduction of waste products starts from the source), Reuse (reuse for waste that can be reused) and Recycle (recycling waste) to date it is still running but not optimal. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative with data analysis using SWOT analysis. This study produces a Waste Management Strategy which is the result of research from the management aspect, aspects of human resources and aspects of infrastructure facilities.

Improvement of Uniaxial Compression of Soil with ZnO tetrapods

With the limitation of the land availability in major population centers and the availability of the land to be used as waste management sites, incite is required in improving the ground. Many soil stabilization techniques are available using conventional method. Here, we intend to report a method applying the nanotechnology for ground improvement. T-ZnO is used to improve the uniaxial compressive strength of silty-clay at low liquid limit. Silt soil passing 1mm sieve and T-ZnO between 0-5 wt% is used. It was found that with increasing percentage of T-ZnO up to a threshold, a significant improvement in compressive strength is observed which may be attributed to the peculiar tetrapod shape that acts as reinforcement among silt and clay particles.

Municipal Solid Waste Management in Indonesia - A Study about Selection of Proper Solid Waste Reduction Method in D.I. Yogyakarta Province

Recently, the amount of Yogyakarta province municipal solid waste (MSW) came into Piyungan landfill site stood at around 470 ton/day consisting of 77% organic and 23% inorganic fractions. Annually, there was an increase as many as 8% per annum for the amount of MSW. Reduction of the MSW can be "forced" in integrated waste management site (in Indonesia is called TPST) which was built in the municipal level. In each TPST, there are two main activities which are Recycling and Composting. Both scenarios assume that 23% of inorganic waste can be recycled so that the subsequent need is to manage organic waste. Based on these considerations, calculations performed with: 1). Scenario 1: The TPST has been operated but there is no waste reduction at the source; 2). Scenario 2: TPST is operated and followed by solid waste reduction at the source. If the second scenario is applied, the amount of waste that goes to landfill Piyungan can be reduced up to 200 ton/day. Actually, scenario 1 is the realistic one because of Indonesian’s culture. Unfortunately, as scenario 1 was highly dependent on the TPST, the number of TPST which must be built increase steadily that it can reach 60 units in 2030 which is impossible to find space in Yogyakarta province. If the second scenario is applied, the amount of waste that goes to Piyungan landfill site can be reduced gradually from 25% (1-3 years), 35% (4-7 years), and 50% (8-15 years) through composting activity. The challenge possessed by scenario 2 is how to force people reduce their own organic waste by composting activity.

Crude oil depletion by bacterial strains isolated from a petroleum hydrocarbon impacted solid waste management site in California

This research is part of a multidisciplinary research program to develop a bioremediation protocol for a solid waste management (SWM) site in Northern California - a site which is heavily contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. In this initial study, 30 bacterial strains were isolated and evaluated for their efficiencies to deplete crude oil. The 3 most efficient bacterial isolates for crude oil depletion were designated as S1BD1, OPKDS2, and OSDS1; they were identified as Serratia proteamaculans, Alcaligenes sp. and Rhodococcus erythropolis, respectively, based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences. Determination of crude oil depletion efficiency by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed that Serratia proteamaculans S1BD1 was the most efficient (68.0 ± 1.78%), followed by Alcaligenes sp. OPKDS2 (63.7 ± 3.28%), and Rhodococcus erythropolis OSDS1 (54.9 ± 5.07%). S. proteamaculans S1BD1 was able to deplete a wide spectrum of carbon compounds within the individual components of crude oil. Alcaligenes sp. OPKDS2 was the most efficient at depleting BTEX (91.2 ± 1.90%), and R. erythropolis OSDS1 exhibited a substrate preference of n-alkanes. All three strains exhibited unusually high crude oil depletion efficiencies and tolerated a wide range of salinity and pH levels, which makes them excellent candidates for bioaugmentation of the SWM site.

Levels of Organic Pollution Indicators in Groundwater at the Old Landfill and Waste Management Site

The aim of this paper was to assess groundwater quality in a landfill and waste management site, with special regard to levels of organic pollution indicators: chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and total organic carbon (TOC). Analysis of specific indicators was conducted for piezometers located in the area of the Radiowo landfill, the composting plant and the facilities adjacent to the landfill. The article discusses the temporal and spatial changes of selected organic pollution indicators. Based on the results of groundwater monitoring, several maps of COD, BOD and TOC areal distribution were provided. Statistical distribution of monitoring data was presented using box-and-whisker plots. Pearson’s correlation coefficients between selected pollution indicators were measured with a significance level set at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05. The strongest correlation was observed between BOD and COD. The maximum BOD/COD ratio was observed at the level of 1.561 before the closure of the vertical barrier, whereas, at present, average values of this ratio are below 0.18. The results indicate significant improvement of groundwater quality in the landfill site after the closure of the vertical barrier. In particular, this refers to BOD values, which decreased even 160 times in the 1998–2016 monitoring period.

A review of construction waste management practices on selected case studies in Ireland

To date, the construction and demolition waste research in Ireland has focused on end-of-pipe solutions by investigating the development of processing infrastructure, the generation of waste production indicators and the evaluation of different audit methodologies. This paper takes a more novel approach by examining the implementation of waste reduction strategies during the design and construction phases of two selected case studies, through a close collaboration with the industry (Scott Tallon Walker Architects and John Sisk and Son Building Contractors). These original findings suggest that both the design and construction phases do offer significant waste reduction opportunities through the reuse of existing sites, minimisation of excavation works where possible, preparation of site waste management and subcontractor waste minimisation plans, setting of waste targets, application of design ‘freezes’ where appropriate, use of low waste technologies, use of materials optimisation in selected work packages, the use of off-site construction techniques, use of a mini-skip distribution network and source segregation and through the reuse of waste materials on site where possible.

Magnesium oxide production from chrysotile asbestos detoxification with oxalic acid treatment

This article describes the detoxification of pure chrysotile (Chr) asbestos by following an acid leaching treatment with oxalic acid dihydrate (Oxac) (H2C2O4·2H2O). Oxac was chosen due to its low environmental impact (or toxicity) and cost. We demonstrate the effectiveness of different concentrations of Oxac as proposed formulations. The results from FTIR, XRD and optical microscopy analyses indicated that all the applied treatments destructed the Chr structure while a new biomaterial, Glushinskite (Gls) was formed by the reaction between Oxac with the outer Brucite (Brc) (MgO2) layer surface of Chr. Oxac 0.05M was selected as the optimal concentration for an eight-day treatment for the detoxification. The heating of the supernatant of the above-treated solution at 480°C, yielded MgO in a considerable concentration (8.29% w/w). According to the energy consumption study the whole applied procedure is viable with an economic profit up to 4.3% and a low cost method of detoxification on the operation of a potential asbestos waste management site.

Enhanced On-Site Waste Management of Plasterboard in Construction Works: A Case Study in Spain

On-site management of construction waste commonly determines its destination. In the case of plasterboard (PB), on-site segregation becomes crucial for closed-loop recycling. However, PB is commonly mixed with other wastes in Spain. In this context, the involvement of stakeholders that can contribute to reversing this current situation is needed. This paper analyzes on-site waste management of PB in Spain through a pilot study of a construction site, with the main objective of identifying best practices to increase waste prevention, waste minimization, and the recyclability of the waste. On-site visits and structured interviews were conducted. The results show five management stages: PB distribution (I); PB installation (II); Construction waste storage at the installation area (III); PB waste segregation at the installation area (IV) and PB waste transfer to the PB container and storage (V). The proposed practices refer to each stage and include the merging of Stages III and IV. This measure would avoid the mixing of waste fractions in Stage III, maximizing the recyclability of PB. In addition, two requisites for achieving enhanced management are analyzed: ‘Training and commitment’ and ‘fulfilling the requirements established by the current regulation’. The results show that foremen adopted a more pessimistic attitude than installers towards a joint commitment for waste management. Moreover, not all supervisors valued the importance of a site waste management plan, regulated by the Royal Decree 105/2008 in Spain.

Prevalence of Occupational Health Problems among Employees Working at a Suburban Sanitary Land Filling Waste Management Site in Sri Lanka

Prevalence of Occupational Health Problems among Employees Working at a Suburban Sanitary Land Filling Waste Management Site in Sri Lanka

An Investigation of Waste Management Practices in the Zambian Construction Industry

This study investigated the practice and perceptions on waste management and the feasibility of establishing a site waste management plan in the Zambian Construction Industry (ZCI). In this research, Lusaka and the Copperbelt provinces were selected as study areas to represent the construction industry in Zambia. This was because the largest volume of construction work in the country is mainly concentrated in these two provinces. The research targeted contractors from Grades 1 to 3 as categorised and registered by the Zambian National Council for Construction (NCC). Consultancy firms and government institutions were also included in the target population as regulators. Data for this study were obtained through questionnaires, interviews and site surveys. The results from this research indicated that disposal was the most common method of waste management in the Zambian Construction industry as indicated by the highest ranking score with a mean index of 0.923. The research concluded that the construction industry in Zambia has poor practice of waste management through waste disposal which is not environmentally friendly. The results further indicated that it is feasible to adopt a Site Waste Management Plan in the Zambian Construction industry based on the respondents’ willingness mean score of 0.94 from all the categories. Finally, the research confirmed that a Site Waste Management Plan can be an effective tool to address waste management challenges in the Zambian Construction Industry based on the literature review and willingness measured from research respondents.

Ammonium Concentration and Migration in Groundwater in the Vicinity of Waste Management Site Located in the Neighborhood of Protected Areas of Warsaw, Poland

The purpose of the present paper is to assess groundwater contamination by ammonium originating from the waste management site (including composting plant and the landfill) located in the vicinity of protected areas. In this paper, the impact of urban and industrial facilities adjacent to the landfill is also investigated. The analysis of ammonium concentration was carried out for selected piezometers and then the monitoring and laboratory tests results were referred to the Polish standards of groundwater quality. The content of the paper discusses the changes of ammonium concentration in time and space and presents potential reasons for these changes, especially resulting from the construction of the vertical bentonite barrier. The results show the significant decrease of ammonium concentration and progressive improvement of water quality observed in almost every piezometer after a few years since the vertical barrier has been installed. Furthermore, the paper provides statistical analyses of groundwater monitoring data from the period 1998–2015 in order to control the groundwater quality and assess the movement of contamination plume in the landfill area.

Application of boolean logic and GIS for determining suitable locations for Temporary Disaster Waste Management Sites

Temporary Disaster Waste Management Sites (TDWMS) play a very important role in post disaster waste management. The selection of candidate TDWMS can be regarded as a land suitability analysis problem. This article reviews literature related to waste management treatment facilities to identify the common processes and methods. Previous studies indicate that identifying and determining weighting criteria as well as mapping and overlapping standardised layers are the four main steps in this process. In this study, ArcGIS was used to conduct the land suitability analysis and the Modelbuilder function was applied to build the analysis model. In addition, Boolean logic was used to standardise the criteria map layers. A total of 45 candidate sites were selected within the case study area. According to the analysis, the distance from ground water, drinking water resources, and public water supplies are the most sensitive criteria.

Policy Network and the Role of Government: A Case of Selecting a Radioactive Waste Management Site in South Korea

Policy Network and the Role of Government: A Case of Selecting a Radioactive Waste Management Site in South Korea

Using System Dynamics Method to Manage Construction and Demolition Waste

During last few decades, construction and demolition waste has attracted great attention from practitioners and researchers, as well as governments in all over the world. It's obvious that construction and demolition waste and its control is very important in many aspects. In other hand, system dynamics is an empirical tool and waste management system is a dynamic system that needs to be studied and analyzed dynamically so that many misconceptions and problems in this area to be avoided. The main question is how we can manage and control waste management system to have a less amount of negative impacts on the environment and society. In order to answer this main question, this paper tries to represent a conceptual model called “cause and effect diagram” to have a general and typical understanding of waste management system especially in Ardabil city. Next, it represents Stock-Flow diagram that has capability of running in computer for further analyzing. Then, it simulates the model by POWERSIM software to analyze and optimize the dynamic model. The study indicated that increasing values of the variables including fines for illegal dumping, unit cost of landfilling, unit cost of collecting, unit cost of transportation and also developing waste management sites has implications of a low illegal waste dumping and a high amount of waste recycling and reuse.

Fukushima and Chernobyl Nuclear Accidents’ Environmental Assessments and U.S. Hanford Site's Waste Management

This paper describes environmental clean-up activities at Fukushima Prefecture, Japan and a proposed strategic remediation plan, the Chernobyl remediation in Ukraine, and Hanford Site of the U.S. Department of Energy. For the Fukushima case, cesium is strongly adsorbed by fine soil, and it has mostly remained on the land surface. Thus, removal of a thin top surface of the contaminated soil is an effective environmental clean-up method. Chernobyl remediation generally aims to eliminate relevant radionuclide pathways to humans and the Hanford Site have been undergone both reducing contamination levels and cutting-off pathways to humans.

Health Impact Assessment and Evaluation of a Clinical Waste Management Policy for Cameroon.

Health impact assessment (HIA) was carried out to evaluate development of a clinical waste management policy for Cameroon. Fifteen stakeholders of different portfolios within the health sector were selected during a HIA initiating study trip to the Northwest region of Cameroon. Questionnaires were then developed and emailed to the stakeholders. The stakeholders identified cross-contamination, environmental pollution, physical injuries and poor waste management sites as potential risk factors that can be associated with poor clinical waste management. They recommended strong economic and political capital as a prerequisite for the development and implementation of a successful clinical waste policy. Local impacts on health, according to the stakeholders, should be prioritized in deciding any treatment and disposal option. The whole HIA process run through 2008-2010.