Waste Management Policy Research Articles

STUDY OF OPTIMALIZATION SOLID WASTE OF REFUSE DERIVES FUEL (RDF) AT LANDFILL GRIYO MULYO, SIDOARJO DISTRICT

Sidoarjo Regency in East Java grapples with a waste crisis, producing 1,086 tons/day in 2022, escalating annually due to urbanization. In response, Griyo Mulyo Landfill adopts Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) technology, transforming waste into pellets for sustainable energy. This comprehensive waste management strategy not only addresses the increasing waste generation but also contributes to sustainable energy production, aligning with environmental and energy efficiency goals for the district. Aims: This study was aimed to assess the potential for waste reduction using Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) technology in Sidoarjo Regency, East Java. Methodology and results: the focus of this study was on implementing RDF to convert waste into pellets, thereby reducing landfill reliance and transforming waste into a renewable energy source. The study involved analyzing the composition of waste entering the Griyo Mulyo Landfill Sidoarjo, revealing a significant portion of biodegradable, plastic, paper, and other materials. By determining the optimal RDF composition and estimating calorific values, the research aimed to provide insights into effective waste management strategies. Conclusion, significance and impact study: Analyzing the waste composition entering the landfill revealed optimal RDF components, emphasizing the potential for waste reduction and renewable energy production. The proposed inclusion of EM4 bioactivators in biodrying at Griyo Mulyo landfill promises accelerated decomposition, enhancing overall waste management efficiency. Significantly, this research offers practical insights for sustainable waste management in rapidly urbanizing regions, providing policymakers, waste authorities, and environmentalists with valuable strategies to mitigate the environmental impact of increasing urbanization. The potential impact extends to cleaner energy sources and influences waste management policies, fostering eco-friendly practices in Sidoarjo and beyond.

Plastic Pandemic after COVID-19: A Global Health Concern.

COVID-19 pandemic has increased the amount of plastic burden to environment and complexities of plastic waste management. Change in behavioral pattern with advent of this pandemic led to increased practice of hygiene and increased use of different types of personal protective equipment. Unfortunately, rapid rise in production of the PPEs (like Hazmat suit, gloves, etc.) and single-use plastics used in RT-PCR and other testing are the biggest source for increased non-biodegradable plastic waste leading to amplified burden on plastic waste management. A number of measures like prioritizing the policies directed towards changes at behavioral, social and institutional level need to be started. Also, reduction in plastic waste along with proper plastic waste management policies should be implemented. To prevent the transition from one pandemic to other; improvement in government policies with public private partnership are the need of the hour.

Factors Influencing Tourists’ Intention and Behavior toward Tourism Waste Classification: A Case Study of the West Lake Scenic Spot in Hangzhou, China

The increasing amount of tourism waste has been a headache for most tourist destinations in China. Guiding tourists to classify waste has become a key concern for tourism waste management. In this study, the TPB-AR-DH model was constructed for the first time to reveal the formation process of tourists’ participation in tourism waste classification. The data came from a questionnaire survey sample of 382 tourists to the West Lake Scenic Spot in Hangzhou. The results from the structural equation model and multiple group analysis showed that (1) attitude towards the tourism waste classification, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and ascription of responsibility positively affected tourists’ waste classification intention. Especially, the ascription of responsibility was the most influential factor; (2) perceived behavioral control had the largest effects on actual behavior, and waste classification intention played a partly mediating role between perceived behavioral control and actual behavior; (3) tourists’ daily habit of waste classification played a significant moderating role between tourists’ waste classification intention and actual behavior. On the whole, this study offered a theoretical explanation model to popularize the initiative of tourism waste classification and perfect waste management policies in tourist destinations.

ПРИНЦИПЫ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНО-ПЛАНИРОВОЧНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ МУСОРОСЖИГАТЕЛЬНЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОСТАНЦИЙ В КИТАЕ

At present, most countries are changing their national waste management policies from landfill disposal to recycling and reuse. In China, incineration power plants have been the first choice of disposal method because they occupy a small area, process waste quickly, reduce the amount of waste, do not pollute the environment, and have a high energy recovery rate. Nevertheless, the existing facilities are mostly monofunctional and the areas where they are located are depressive in nature. This leads to social rejection by the population and refusal to build incinerator power plants in the necessary quantity. The purpose of this article is to determine the principles of functional-planning organization of incinerator power plants in China. The existing experience of realization and designing of multifunctional incinerating power plants in China is studied, the graphic analysis of town-planning location and organization of sites is executed, the basic technological blocks, which are included in objects, are defined, functional-planning interrelations between them are established. The variants of shaping and architectural embodiment of garbage processing facilities have been studied. The result of the research is the formulation of the principles of functional-planning organization of multifunctional incineration power plants in China.
 Keywords: architecture, functional-planning solutions, incineration power plant, waste, China.

ПРИНЦИПЫ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНО-ПЛАНИРОВОЧНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ МУСОРОСЖИГАТЕЛЬНЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОСТАНЦИЙ В КИТАЕ

At present, most countries are changing their national waste management policies from landfill disposal to recycling and reuse. In China, incineration power plants have been the first choice of disposal method because they occupy a small area, process waste quickly, reduce the amount of waste, do not pollute the environment, and have a high energy recovery rate. Nevertheless, the existing facilities are mostly monofunctional and the areas where they are located are depressive in nature. This leads to social rejection by the population and refusal to build incinerator power plants in the necessary quantity. The purpose of this article is to determine the principles of functional-planning organization of incinerator power plants in China. The existing experience of realization and designing of multifunctional incinerating power plants in China is studied, the graphic analysis of town-planning location and organization of sites is executed, the basic technological blocks, which are included in objects, are defined, functional-planning interrelations between them are established. The variants of shaping and architectural embodiment of garbage processing facilities have been studied. The result of the research is the formulation of the principles of functional-planning organization of multifunctional incineration power plants in China.
 Keywords: architecture, functional-planning solutions, incineration power plant, waste, China.

Exploring economic opportunities of the solid waste management policy in Zambia: Case study city of Ndola

This study investigates the economic implications of Zambia's Solid Waste Management Regulation Act 2018, particularly in Ndola. The Act, which integrates private sector engagement in waste management, has unfolded numerous entrepreneurial opportunities. Our research reveals how individuals, including marginalized groups like ex-convicts and single mothers, are transforming waste into a source of income. By scavenging landfills for recyclables, these individuals participate in an emerging value chain, selling waste to entities that repurpose it into economically viable products. This burgeoning sector is not only fostering self-employment but also generating formal jobs, especially for the youth, and contributing to the national economy through taxes and export revenues. The study highlights the dual benefits of this policy: environmental sustainability through reduced landfill waste, and socio-economic upliftment, as evidenced by decreased poverty levels and minimized disease outbreaks due to cleaner public spaces. However, challenges persist, such as the need for more structured waste sorting at landfills and better support systems for vulnerable waste collectors. Overall, the study underscores the transformative potential of waste management policies in fostering economic growth and environmental conservation.

Evaluation of Waste Management Policies in The City of Palangka Raya

Waste in Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan Province is relatively worrying, because the condition of waste generation in 2021 last reached 53,990.25 tons and unmanaged waste that year was 1,018.06 tons (SIPSN 2022). Based on these problems, the Palangka Raya City Government has established an Environmental Management and Waste Management Policy through Palangka Raya City Regional Regulation No. 01 of 2017 concerning Waste Management and Cleanliness. The aim of this research is to determine and analyze waste management policies in Palangka Raya City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques are carried out through interview observation and documentation. The data analysis technique is carried out by reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions. In this regard, in terms of implementing 3R waste management in the City of Palangka Raya, unmanaged waste will be reduced significantly in accordance with the policies set by the Regional Government and the Palangka Raya City DPRD.

Waste Management Policy in Bali Province, Indonesia

Purpose: Indonesia is a country that still experiences problems in waste management, even ranking second in the world in terms of plastic waste in the sea. The waste problem also occurs in Bali, which is a province in Indonesia and is famous as a world tourist destination. Even though the tourism industry places cleanliness and beauty as the main elements. Realizing this, the government has issued various regulations and programs to tackle the waste problem in Bali. This research aims to analyze the public's response to waste management regulations based on probability rules. Theoretical framework: As settlements develop, waste management becomes more complex. So when the government and regional governments issue regulations related to waste and waste management, then if what is stated in the regulation is followed by waste management that is good for the environment, economically sustainable for a particular area and socially acceptable then it will certainly be followed and implemented by public. Methods: Where the analysis is carried out with the SMIC-Prob tool. Furthermore, a policy path (with MULTIPOL analysis) was also prepared to map each policy and action so that it fits into the three scenarios previously identified, namely source-based waste management, communal-based waste management, and government waste management. Findings: The results of the probability analysis (SMIC-Prob) show that the community's response to waste management regulations is to manage waste through TPS3R, and it can be said that the community still relies on waste management outside the household. Meanwhile, the results of the MULTIPOL analysis show that for source-based waste management and by the government, policies are needed in the construction of waste management facilities. Meanwhile, in communal-based waste management, the priority policies are institutional strengthening and community empowerment. Implications: The policy path has provided an overview of policy mapping and actions if waste management is source-based, communal-based, and implemented by the government. Where for source-based waste management and by the government, policies are needed in the construction of waste management facilities. Meanwhile, in communal-based waste management, the priority policies are institutional strengthening and community empowerment.

Government's Role in TPA Waste Management

This study investigates the government's role in waste management at Jabon TPA, Jabon District, Sidoarjo. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, data collection involves interviews, observation, and documentation, utilizing purposive sampling. The analysis encompasses data collection, reduction, analysis, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal effective and smooth execution of the government's role in waste management, as evidenced by the fulfillment of various indicators. The study's concise yet comprehensive nature provides valuable insights into the successful governance of waste management practices, offering implications for broader contexts and policy considerations Highlight : The study employs a qualitative approach to investigate the government's role in waste management at Jabon TPA, providing valuable insights into the effectiveness of governance practices. Data collection through interviews, observation, and documentation, utilizing purposive sampling, ensures a comprehensive and thorough examination of the waste management scenario. The findings demonstrate the successful fulfillment of government roles, marking a significant contribution to the discourse on efficient waste management practices and policy considerations Keywords: Waste Management, Government Role, Descriptive Research, Qualitative Approach, Jabon TPA

Evaluation of Waste Management Policy Formulation: Case Study of Implementation of Tomohon Mayor Regulation Number 30 of 2019

Waste is one of the many urgent problems to be resolved by local governments. Various regulations have been established. However, in its implementation it is faced with various obstacles. Failure in a policy is not only seen from the implementation aspect. However, it can also be studied from the formulation aspect. Researchers examined the Waste Management Policy Formulation by the Tomohon City Government. With the focus of the study on the policy formulation process, examine and analyze why the presence of Tomohon Mayor Regulation Number 30 of 2019 has not succeeded in overcoming the problem of waste accumulation and management at the Tomohon City Waste Final Processing Site located in Taratara Village. The research design used is qualitative. The research findings were that the problem analysis stage did not work because the preparation of Jakstrada only followed directions from the center through the pocket book for the preparation of Jakstrada which is a derivative of Jakstranas without any research or problem identification process. The development of measures process which is lacking in deepening the problem results in not maximizing the measurement of situations or conditions to formulate appropriate policies. The determination of impacts process was not carried out to estimate the level of success of the policies made. Budgeting problems were discovered which resulted in the policies that had been set not being able to run according to what was set and required in the waste management process.

Evaluation of Waste Management Policy in Malang City

Evaluation of Waste Management Policy in Malang City

Impact of a Crisis on Waste Management Policy Adherence And Practices - A Narrative Review of Bio-Medical Waste Management During the Covid-19 Pandemic

As the greatest threat to humanity since the Black Death of 1929, the COVID-19 pandemic is believed to be the worst and most terrible world-wide health catastrophe of the century. This pandemic has significantly altered the demographics, and ordinary economic activity ceased to save human lives. Although the limited economy has helped to create an environmentally friendly atmosphere, it additionally brought about a significant problem with biomedical waste. This review paper covers the various steps, initiatives, methods, and techniques to degrade biomedical waste(BMW) from hospitals, clinics, production units, workplaces, homes, and laboratories due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the narrative review was to identify how the crisis impacted existing practices of biomedical waste management and adherence to overarching policy frameworks, along with the changes that were initiated in the same. We have reviewed a range of statutory norms, techniques, and methods used to dispose of biomedical waste appropriately during the pandemic. A big challenge to the world today is to dispose of them properly, without promulgating the infection in the immediate and larger environment. The results of the review show that there were definitive changes in the way BMW management practices were followed before and after the pandemic, along with overarching changes in statutory regulations and policy frameworks around these practices. The study also puts forth reasoning behind these changes and recommends a direction and context for the same in order to help prepare for another crisis while reducing the environmental impact of BMW.

Waste management policies and impact of landfill diversion goals in gas-to-energy recovery

Despite electricity generated from landfill gas (LFG) being widely studied, information about the effect over time of dynamic changes in the waste composition caused by diversions of municipal solid waste (MSW) remains scarce. Thus, this paper evaluates the impact of policy targets for diversion of MSW on energy production from LFG recovery. A system dynamics (SD) model is proposed based on the LandGem model to quantify the LFG generation. The results show that dry recyclable materials diversion is a favourable measure that increases LFG generation, while organic waste diversion measures have the opposite effect, which directly affects energy generation. Diverting 5–20% of organic waste would still allow 10% higher electricity generation coming from LFG recovery than most landfills in Brazil. The cost–benefit analysis indicated the feasibility of LFG-to-energy projects under the different diversion targets and their contribution to mitigating equivalent carbon dioxide emissions. In addition to an academic contribution to waste management studies by using SD, this paper aids decision making for landfill energy generation projects concerning the impact of policies aiming to divert dry recyclable and organic waste from landfilling to recycling.

Waste management policies at Bulukumba Regency, Indonesia

Waste is still a problem that is often faced in our country, even in regions. The increase in waste volume occurs without awareness of good waste management will certainly bring other problems, especially for the environment. This study aimed to determine the extent how the successful implementation of waste management policies at Bukit Asri Waste Management Site, Polewali Village, Gantarang District, Bulukumba Regency, Indonesia. This research used qualitative method, while the data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and document study with 7 informants. Data analysis techniques used data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that: 1) The behavior of organizational relations at TPS Bukit Asri has been implemented well. 2) The behavior of lower level implementers has implemented waste management well. This can be seen from 3 aspects, namely organizational control, work ethic and professionalism of the TPS managers. Regarding the organizational control aspect, in this case government supervision of the community’s clean living behavior still needs to be improved. 3) The behavior of the target group, namely the community, gave a positive response and supported the waste management policy at TPS Bukit Asri, however education and environmental awareness were still low.

Analysing the Circular Economies and Waste Management of European Countries via Decision Models

Today, waste management is a highly significant priority for the European Union. In 1975, the EU passed the first legislation on waste management, the Framework Directive on Waste, which laid the foundation for the EU's current waste management strategy. Since then, there have been several updates and revisions to waste management legislation to reduce waste and promote sustainable waste management. Today, developing a more circular economy is one of the main objectives of the EU's waste management policy. In order to do this, a circular model of resource reuse, recycling, and economic reintegration must replace a linear model of resource consumption and disposal. This can decrease the damaging effects of waste on the environment and increase resource efficiency. Efficient waste management cannot be maintained without implementing a circular economy thoroughly. The main goal of the analysis is to evaluate the performance of waste management in European Union nations from the viewpoint of the circular economy. We employ the MOORA and COBRA approaches to evaluate European Union countries’ waste management and circular economy performance. As per analysis findings, Germany and France perform better. Two sub-categories of the MOORA and COBRA method results significantly comply with each other. We may also conclude that the European Union countries that adopt circular economy-oriented policies perform better. This study aims to be a pioneer as it analyses both performance dimensions holistically in European Union countries using MCDM methods.

A Strategic model of municipal solid waste minimization based on decision-making and public participation

Municipal waste management is a public issue with health, environmental, economic and social implications at the home, local, national and international levels, so the scope of management of this category is very wide and variable, for such an organization there is no other way but strategic management. This qualitative-quantitative study was done with the help of smart pls2 software with the aim of designing a strategic model of minimization of solid waste management through maximum participation of citizens and stakeholders in decision making. It can be acknowledged that the optimal participation of all internal and external stakeholder organizations and citizens in the policy and executive systems of waste management is very important in order to achieve the goal of quality improvement. In this way, it has been tried to establish a two-way relationship between the citizens and the private sector with the public sector through the participation of all sectors. So, the final consumers of waste, can interact with the municipalities through councillors and community center and provide to reduce waste mechanisms to receive citizens' opinions and attract citizens' participation. In fact, cities and municipalities should not try to do everything alone.

Assessment of Awareness, Attitude, and Consequences of Healthcare Waste Among Health Workers at Health Facilities In Southeast Nigeria

Healthcare waste which consists of waste materials generated at healthcare facilities is hazardous to both the environment and human life. However, many people are unaware of the dangers of medical wastes. Previous studies have neglected the assessment of the level of awareness and attitude of health workers toward healthcare waste. Therefore, this study assesses the level of awareness of healthcare workers about the dangers and their attitude toward the waste and its implications. The study, which employed cross-sectional design with 334 participants, was conducted in Southeast Nigeria. Data collection was through questionnaire and in-depth interview guide. Data analyzed through descriptive statistics revealed that the level of awareness of health workers about the dangers of healthcare waste is high; their attitude toward healthcare waste is poor; and that the consequences of mismanaged healthcare waste are devastating. Therefore, healthcare facilities should have a functional waste management policy, train their staff on ways of handling waste and educate the public about dangers of healthcare waste.

A conceptual overview of the zero waste management policies of hospitals

A conceptual overview of the zero waste management policies of hospitals

PRINCIP ZERO WASTE U FUNKCIJI POVEĆANJA EKONOMSKOG RAZVOJA U HOTELSKOM POSLOVANJU

The aim of this research is to determine the impact of implementing the Zero Waste strategy on economic benefits in the hotel industry of the Republic of Serbia. A quantitative methodology was employed, comprising a survey among managers from various hotels, combined with statistical data analysis to verify hypotheses. The results indicate that investments in employee education, effective waste management policies, and investments in sustainable technologies significantly contribute to profit enhancement. This research contributes to the theoretical understanding and practical application of the Zero Waste strategy in the hospitality sector, providing evidence supporting the economic and environmental value of sustainable practices.

Integration of Acoustic Metamaterials Made of Plastic to Improve Building Acoustics

Abstract According to the Waste Management Policy of the European Union, the recycling and reuse of various wastes is considered the most environmentally friendly and advanced waste disposal technology that has the least impact on the environment. By applying the principles of the Circular Economy, plastic waste will extend its life cycle and will be used as secondary materials to create metamaterial structures with improved sound absorption and insulation properties. The aim of this study was to determine plastic potential for use in acoustic structures. Acoustic metamaterial resonators, created from plastic, were measured in an impedance tube according to standards ISO 10534-2 for their sound absorbing and ASTM E2611 for their insulating properties. Two types of plastic, PLA and recycled PET-G, were used in acoustic metamaterial 3D printing process. For sound insulation, combined resonator systems were used to control symmetrical wall sound resonance. Sound absorption of both PLA and PET-G metamaterials were peaking at 1600 Hz with 0.93 and 0.89 sound absorption coefficient, respectfully. The results showed that combined constructions with plastic metamaterials can be integrated into building structures and used as an alternative for improving building acoustics, reducing indoor noise and reverberation time.